Capmatinib (Systemic)
Jeneng merek: Tabrecta
Kelas obat:
Agen Antineoplastik
Panganggone Capmatinib (Systemic)
Kanker Paru Sel Non-cilik (NSCLC)
Pengobatan NSCLC metastatik ing wong diwasa sing tumor nduweni mutasi MET exon 14 skipping kaya sing dideteksi dening tes diagnostik pendamping sing disetujoni FDA (ditunjuk minangka obat yatim piatu dening FDA kanggo panggunaan iki). Informasi babagan tes diagnostik pendamping sing disetujoni FDA kanggo ndeteksi mutasi MET ing NSCLC kasedhiya ing situs web FDA ([Web]). Indikasi saiki adhedhasar tingkat respon objektif lan durasi respon; persetujuan terus kanggo indikasi iki bisa uga gumantung ing verifikasi lan deskripsi manfaat klinis ing studi kOnfirmasi.
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Carane nggunakake Capmatinib (Systemic)
Umum
Skrining Pretreatment
Ngawasi Pasien
Dispensing lan Administrasi Pancegahan< /h4>
Adhedhasar Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP), Capmatinib minangka mediasi waspada dhuwur sing duwe risiko dhuwur nyebabake cilaka pasien sing signifikan nalika digunakake kanthi salah.
Pertimbangan Umum Liyane
Administrasi
Administrasi Lisan
Atur kanthi lisan kaping pindho saben dina tanpa preduli saka dhaharan. Ngulu tablet wutuh; aja mecah, ngremuk, utawa ngunyah.
Yen dosis ora kejawab utawa muntah, aja nganti tikel kaping pindho dosis utawa menehi dosis ekstra. Atur dosis sabanjure ing wektu sing dijadwalake kanthi rutin.
Dosis
Kasedhiya minangka capmatinib hydrochloride; dosis ditulis ing syarat-syarat capmatinib.
Dewasa
NSCLC Oral400 mg kaping pindho saben dina. Terusake terapi nganti kedadeyan penyakit utawa keracunan sing ora bisa ditampa.
Modifikasi Dosis kanggo Toksisitas LisanInterupsi sauntara terapi, nyuda dosis, lan/utawa mandhegake obat bisa uga dibutuhake kanggo reaksi sing ala.
Yen perlu ngurangi dosis, ngurangi dosis kaya sing diterangake ing Tabel 1.
Tabel 1: Pengurangan Dosis sing Disaranake kanggo Toksisitas Capmatinib1Tingkat Pengurangan Dosis
Pengurangan Dosis sawise Recovery saka Toksisitas (Dosis Awal = 400 mg kaping pindho saben dina)
Kaping pisanan
Diterusake ing 300 mg kaping pindho saben dina
Kapindho
Diterusake ing 200 mg kaping pindho saben dina
Katelu
Stop obat kanthi permanen
Efek Paru OralYen penyakit paru-paru interstisial utawa pneumonitis occurs, permanen nyetop capmatinib.
Toksisitas Hepatik OralYen tingkat 3 ing konsentrasi ALT utawa AST (tanpa konsentrasi total bilirubin munggah) kedadeyan, interupsi terapi nganti pulih menyang nilai awal. Yen pemulihan kedadeyan sajrone 7 dina, bisa nerusake capmatinib kanthi dosis sing padha. Yen pemulihan telat ngluwihi 7 dina, bisa nerusake capmatinib kanthi dosis sing luwih murah sabanjure.
Yen tingkat 4 ing konsentrasi ALT utawa AST (tanpa konsentrasi total bilirubin munggah), sampeyan kudu mandhegake capmatinib kanthi permanen.
Yen konsentrasi ALT utawa AST >3 kaping ULN kanthi total konsentrasi bilirubin >2 kaping ULN (tanpa kolestasis utawa hemolisis), mandheg kanthi permanen capmatinib.
Yen tingkat 2 munggah pangkat total konsentrasi bilirubin (tanpa). Konsentrasi ALT lan / utawa AST sing luwih dhuwur) kedadeyan, ngganggu terapi nganti pulih menyang nilai awal. Yen pemulihan kedadeyan sajrone 7 dina, bisa nerusake capmatinib kanthi dosis sing padha. Yen pemulihan telat ngluwihi 7 dina, bisa nerusake capmatinib kanthi dosis sing luwih murah.
Yen tingkat 3 ing konsentrasi total bilirubin (tanpa konsentrasi ALT lan/utawa AST sing luwih dhuwur) kedadeyan, interupsi terapi nganti pulih menyang nilai awal. . Yen pemulihan kedadeyan sajrone 7 dina, bisa nerusake capmatinib kanthi dosis sing luwih murah. Yen ora, mateni capmatinib kanthi permanen.
Yen tingkat 4 konsentrasi total bilirubin (tanpa konsentrasi ALT lan/utawa AST sing luwih dhuwur) kedadeyan, mandhegake capmatinib kanthi permanen.
Toksisitas Pankreas OralStop permanen yen pankreatitis kelas 3 utawa 4.
Yen tingkat 4 tingkat lipase utawa amilase dumadi, permanen mungkasi therapy capmatinib. Yen tingkat 3 tingkat lipase utawa amilase kedadeyan, tahan capmatinib nganti tingkat lipase lan/utawa amilase bali menyang ≤ grade 2 utawa awal. Yen mbalekake menyang baseline utawa ≤ grade 2 ing 14 dina, bisa nerusake capmatinib ing dosis suda; Yen ora, mandheg kanthi permanen.
Hipersensitivitas LisanYen ana tingkat hipersensitivitas sing dicurigai adhedhasar pertimbangan klinis, tahan nganti kedadeyan kasebut rampung. Mungkasi kanthi permanen ing pasien sing ngalami reaksi hipersensitivitas sing serius.
Toksisitas Liyane OralYen ana reaksi salabetipun kelas 2 liyane, bisa terus capmatinib ing dosis sing padha. Yen reaksi salabetipun kelas 2 ora bisa ditolerir, nimbang terapi interrupting. Yen keracunan wis rampung, capmatinib bisa diterusake kanthi dosis sing luwih murah.
Yen ana reaksi salabetipun kelas 3 liyane, interupsi terapi. Nalika keracunan wis rampung, capmatinib bisa diterusake kanthi dosis sing luwih murah.
Yen ana reaksi salabetipun kelas 4 liyane, mandhegake capmatinib kanthi permanen.
Populasi Khusus
Hepatik Kerusakan
Ora ana rekomendasi dosis khusus ing wektu iki.
Gagal ginjal
Gagal ginjel entheng nganti moderat (Clcr 30–89 mL/menit): Ora ana pangaturan dosis dibutuhake.
Gagal ginjel abot (Clcr <30 mL/menit): Ora ana rekomendasi dosis khusus ing wektu iki.
Pasien Geriatrik
Saiki ora ana rekomendasi dosis khusus.
Pènget
Kontraindikasi
Pènget / PancegahanReaksi Sensitivitas
Reaksi Fotosensitivitas
Risiko reaksi fotosensitifitas.
Pasien kudu ngindhari paparan sinar matahari sing ora perlu utawa berlebihan utawa sinar UV buatan (contone, kasur penyamakan, perawatan UVA/UVB) sajrone terapi capmatinib. Tindakan protèktif (contone, tabir surya, sandhangan protèktif) dianjurake.
Efek Paru-paru
Penyakit paru-paru interstisial (ILD) / pneumonitis dilapurake ing 4.8% pasien ing uji coba khasiat utama; ILD / pneumonitis kelas 3 ing 1,9% pasien lan fatal ing siji pasien. Penghentian permanen dibutuhake amarga ILD / pneumonitis ing 2,4% pasien. Onset saka kelas 3 utawa luwih ILD / pneumonia dumadi ing rata-rata 1,8 sasi (kisaran: kira-kira 6 dina kanggo 1,7 taun) sawise therapy wiwitan.
Ngawasi pasien kanggo gejala paru-paru sing nuduhake ILD/pneumonitis. Yen dicurigai ILD / pneumonitis, langsung nolak terapi; mungkasi kanthi permanen capmatinib yen ora ana etiologi potensial liyane sing diidentifikasi.
Toksisitas Hepatik
Hepatotoksisitas kacarita. Peningkatan ALT utawa AST dilaporake ing 15% pasien ing uji coba khasiat utama; tingkat 3 utawa 4 ALT utawa AST elevasi kacarita ing 7% pasien, lan mandeg permanen therapy dibutuhake amarga ALT utawa AST elevasi ing 0,8% pasien. Wektu rata-rata kanggo wiwitan kenaikan ALT utawa AST kelas 3 utawa luwih yaiku 1,8 sasi (kisaran: 0,5-46,4 sasi).
Monitor tes fungsi ati, kalebu ALT, AST, lan total bilirubin, sadurunge miwiti capmatinib , saben 2 minggu sajrone terapi 3 wulan pisanan, saben wulan sabanjure, lan kaya sing dituduhake sacara klinis. Tes sing luwih kerep dibutuhake kanggo pasien sing ngalami aminotransferase utawa total bilirubin munggah pangkat.
Yen keracunan ati kedadeyan, interupsi sauntara, nyuda dosis, utawa mandheg saka capmatinib bisa uga dibutuhake.
Toksisitas Pankreas
Peningkatan tingkat amilase lan lipase dumadi ing pasien sing diobati karo capmatinib. Ing uji coba khasiat utama, tambah amilase / lipase dumadi ing 14% pasien; kelas 3 lan 4 tambah amilase / lipase dumadi ing 7% lan 1.9% pasien, masing-masing, lan 3 pasien (0.8%) mandhegake obat kasebut amarga tambah amilase / lipase. Pankreatitis kelas 3 dumadi ing siji pasien (0,3%) lan capmatinib dihentikan kanthi permanen kanggo acara iki.
Ngawasi amilase lan lipase ing awal lan kanthi rutin sajrone perawatan. Adhedhasar keruwetan reaksi salabetipun, nahan sauntara, suda dosis, utawa mandhegake capmatinib kanthi permanen.
Reaksi Hipersensitivitas
Reaksi hipersensitivitas serius kacarita. Tandha lan gejala hipersensitivitas kalebu pyrexia, hawa adhem, pruritus, ruam, nyuda tekanan getih, mual, lan muntah. Adhedhasar keruwetan reaksi salabetipun, nahan sauntara utawa mandhegake capmatinib kanthi permanen.
Morbiditas lan Mortalitas Janin/Neonatal
Bisa nyebabake cilaka janin; Toksisitas embriofetal (yaiku, bobot awak janin mudhun, osifikasi sing ora lengkap) lan teratogenisitas (yaiku, malformasi visceral lan balung) sing dituduhake ing kewan.
Aja meteng sajrone terapi. Nindakake tes meteng sadurunge wiwitan capmatinib ing wanita potensial reproduksi. Wanita potensial reproduksi lan wong lanang sing dadi mitra wanita kasebut kudu nggunakake metode kontrasepsi sing efektif nalika njupuk obat kasebut lan 1 minggu sawise dosis pungkasan. Yen digunakake nalika meteng utawa yen pasien utawa pasangane lagi ngandhut sajrone terapi, kabar yen ana bebaya kanggo janin.
Populasi Tertentu
KandhutanBisa nyebabake cilaka janin.
Nglakokake tes meteng sadurunge wiwitan capmatinib ing wanita potensial reproduksi. Wanita potensial reproduksi lan wong lanang sing dadi mitra wanita kasebut kudu nggunakake metode kontrasepsi sing efektif nalika njupuk obat kasebut lan 1 minggu sawise dosis pungkasan. Yen digunakake nalika meteng utawa yen pasien utawa pasangane lagi ngandhut sajrone terapi, nyatane yen ana bebaya kanggo janin.
LaktasiOra dingerteni manawa capmatinib disebar ing susu, mengaruhi bayi sing nyusoni, utawa mengaruhi produksi susu. Wanita ora kudu nyusoni sajrone terapi lan sajrone 1 minggu sawise dosis pungkasan.
Panggunaan PediatrikKeamanan lan khasiat durung ditetepake.
Panggunaan GeriatrikIng studi khasiat utama ngevaluasi capmatinib ing pasien kanthi NSCLC metastatik, 57% pasien umure ≥65 taun lan 16% umure ≥75 taun. Ora ana bedane sakabèhé ing safety utawa khasiat ing pasien ≥65 taun dibandhingake karo wong diwasa sing luwih enom.
Gangguan HepatikFarmakokinetik ora diowahi sacara substansial dening gangguan hepatik.
Gangguan RenalFarmakokinetik ora diowahi sacara substansial dening gangguan ginjel entheng nganti moderat; ora mbutuhake pangaturan dosis. Ora ditliti ing pasien kanthi gangguan ginjel sing abot.
Efek Sabar sing Umum
Reaksi salabetipun sing paling umum (≥20%): edema, mual, nyeri muskuloskeletal, lemes, mutahke, dyspnea, watuk, kurang napsu.
Apa obatan liyane bakal mengaruhi Capmatinib (Systemic)
Dimetabolisme utamane dening CYP3A4 lan aldehida oksidase.
In vitro, bisa nyandhet multidrug and toxin extrusion protein (MATE) 1 lan 2K, nanging ora nyandhet protein transport anion organik (OATP) 1B1 utawa 1B3, transporter kation organik (OCT) 1, transporter anion organik (OAT) 1 utawa 3, utawa multidrug resistance-related protein 2 (MRP2). In vitro, substrat saka P-glikoprotein (P-gp); dudu substrat protein tahan kanker payudara (BCRP) utawa MRP2.
Obat sing Ngaruhi Enzim Mikrosomal Hepatik
Inhibitor CYP3A sing kuat: Kemungkinan tambah paparan sistemik lan tambah efek samping saka capmatinib. Ngawasi kanthi rapet kanggo efek salabetipun.
Inducer CYP3A sing moderat utawa kuat: Konsentrasi plasma bisa mudhun lan efektifitas capmatinib mudhun. Aja nggunakake bebarengan.
Obat-obat sing dimetabolisme dening Enzim Mikrosomal Hepatik
Substrat CYP1A2: Bisa nambah konsentrasi plasma saka substrat CYP1A2 lan kemungkinan efek samping. Aja nggunakake bebarengan substrat capmatinib lan CYP1A2 kanthi indeks terapeutik sing sempit. Yen panggunaan bebarengan ora bisa dihindari, nyuda dosis obat substrat.
Substrat CYP3A: Ora ana owah-owahan klinis penting ing farmakokinetik saka substrat CYP3A sing sensitif.
Substrat Sistem Transportasi Obat< /h3>
Substrat saka P-gp: Bisa nambah konsentrasi plasma saka substrat P-gp lan efek salabetipun. Aja nggunakake bebarengan karo substrat capmatinib lan P-gp kanthi indeks terapeutik sing sempit. Yen nggunakake bebarengan kuwi ora bisa nyingkiri, ngurangi dosis obat substrat.
Substrat saka BCRP: Konsentrasi plasma saka substrat BCRP kamungkinan lan bisa efek salabetipun. Ngindhari panggunaan substrat capmatinib lan BCRP kanthi indeks terapeutik sing sempit. Yen nggunakake bebarengan kuwi ora bisa nyingkiri, ngurangi dosis saka substrat obat.
Substrat saka MATE1 utawa MATE2K: Konsentrasi plasma kamungkinan saka MATE1 utawa MATE2K substrat lan kamungkinan efek salabetipun. Aja nggunakake substrat capmatinib lan MATE1 utawa MATE2K kanthi indeks terapi sing sempit. Yen nggunakake bebarengan kuwi ora bisa nyingkiri, ngurangi dosis obat substrat.
Obat Spesifik
Obat
Interaksi
Komentar
Kafein
Capmatinib nambah AUC kafein (substrat CYP1A2) nganti 134%
Digoxin
Capmatinib nambah AUC lan konsentrasi puncak plasma digoxin (substrat P-gp) kanthi masing-masing 47 lan 74%
Aja nggunakake bebarengan; yen panggunaan bebarengan ora bisa dihindari, nyuda dosis digoxin
Efavirenz
Efavirenz (inducer CYP3A moderat) samesthine bakal nyuda AUC lan konsentrasi plasma puncak capmatinib kanthi 44 lan 34%, masing-masing
p>Aja nggunakake bebarengan
Itrakonazol
Itrakonazol (inhibitor CYP3A kuat) nambah AUC saka capmatinib nganti 42%
Monitor kanthi teliti kanggo efek samping capmatinib
Midazolam
Ora ana efek sing signifikan ing paparan midazolam (substrat CYP3A)
Rabeprazole
Rabeprazole (penekan asam lambung) nyuda AUC lan konsentrasi plasma puncak capmatinib kanthi masing-masing 25 lan 38%
Rifampin
Rifampisin (inducer CYP3A kuat) nyuda AUC lan konsentrasi plasma puncak capmatinib kanthi masing-masing 67 lan 56%
Aja nggunakake bebarengan
Rosuvastatin
Capmatinib nambah AUC lan konsentrasi plasma puncak rosuvastatin (substrat BCRP) kanthi masing-masing 108 lan 204%
Aja nggunakake bebarengan; yen panggunaan bebarengan ora bisa dihindari, nyuda dosis rosuvastatin
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