Ciclesonide (Systemic, Oral Inhalation)
Jeneng merek: Alvesco
Kelas obat:
Agen Antineoplastik
Panganggone Ciclesonide (Systemic, Oral Inhalation)
Asma
Pencegahan jangka panjang bronkospasme ing pasien asma.
Ing pasien sing gumantung karo kortikosteroid, bisa nyuda dosis utawa mandheg saka kortikosteroid sistemik.
Ora dituduhake kanggo perawatan bronkospasme akut.
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Carane nggunakake Ciclesonide (Systemic, Oral Inhalation)
Umum
Konversi menyang Terapi Inhalasi Oral ing Pasien sing Nampa Kortikosteroid Sistemik
Administrasi
Oral Inhalasi
Administrasi kanthi inhalasi lisan nggunakake oral inhaler aerosol.
Tes-semprotan aerosol (ping telu) sadurunge digunakake pisanan utawa nalika inhaler ora digunakake kanggo >10 dina.
Aerosol inhalasi lisan diformulasikan minangka solusi, sing ora mbutuhake goyang.
Ambegan sakabehe lan lebokake cangkeme inhaler kanthi apik ing tutuk kanthi lambe ditutup kanthi kuat; njaga ilat ing ngisor cangkem. Inhale alon-alon lan jero liwat tutuk nalika mencet canister mudhun karo driji telunjuk. Tahan ambegan kira-kira 10 detik, utawa suwene nyaman, banjur copot cangkem lan ambegan alon-alon.
Pasien sing nampa inhalasi oral ciclesonide kudu mbilas cangkeme nganggo banyu sawise saben dosis kanggo mbusak sisa obat ing area orofaringeal lan kanggo nyilikake pangembangan overgrowth jamur lan / utawa infèksi.
Dosis
Pasien Anak
Asma Oral InhalasiBocah ≥12 taun sing nampa bronkodilator piyambak sadurunge: Kaping pisanan 80 mcg kaping pindho saben dina. Yen kontrol asma ora cukup sawise 4 minggu terapi ing dosis awal, dosis sing luwih dhuwur bisa nyedhiyakake kontrol asma tambahan. Yen perlu, bisa nambah dosis nganti maksimal 160 mcg kaping pindho saben dina.
Bocah ≥12 taun sing nampa kortikosteroid sing dihirup sadurunge: Kaping pisanan 80 mcg kaping pindho saben dina. Yen kontrol asma ora cukup sawise 4 minggu terapi ing dosis awal, dosis sing luwih dhuwur bisa nyedhiyakake kontrol asma tambahan. Yen perlu, bisa nambah dosis nganti maksimal 320 mcg kaping pindho saben dina.
Bocah ≥12 taun sing nampa kortikosteroid oral sadurunge: 320 mcg kaping pindho saben dina.
Dewasa
Asma Oral InhalasiSadurungé nampa bronkodilator piyambak: Kaping pisanan 80 mcg kaping pindho saben dina. Yen kontrol asma ora cukup sawise 4 minggu terapi ing dosis awal, dosis sing luwih dhuwur bisa nyedhiyakake kontrol asma tambahan. Yen perlu, bisa nambah dosis nganti maksimal 160 mcg kaping pindho saben dina.
Sadurunge nampa kortikosteroid inhalasi: Wiwitane 80 mcg kaping pindho saben dina. Yen kontrol asma ora cukup sawise 4 minggu terapi ing dosis awal, dosis sing luwih dhuwur bisa nyedhiyakake kontrol asma tambahan. Yen dibutuhake, bisa nambah dosis nganti maksimal 320 mcg kaping pindho saben dina.
Sadurunge nampa kortikosteroid oral: 320 mcg kaping pindho saben dina.
Batesan Resep
Pasien Anak
Asma Oral InhalasiBocah ≥12 taun nampa bronkodilator mung sadurunge: Maksimal 160 mcg kaping pindho saben dina.
Bocah ≥12 taun nampa kortikosteroid inhalasi sadurunge: Maksimum 320 mcg kaping pindho saben dina. .
Bocah ≥12 taun nampa kortikosteroid oral sadurunge: Maksimum 320 mcg kaping pindho saben dina.
Dewasa
Asma Oral InhalasiSadurungé nampa bronkodilator piyambak: Maksimum 160 mcg kaping pindho saben dina.
Sadurungé nampa kortikosteroid inhalasi: Maksimum 320 mcg kaping pindho saben dina.
Sadurungé nampa kortikosteroid oral: Maksimum 320 mcg kaping pindho saben dina.
Populasi Khusus
Gangguan Hepatik
Panyesuaian dosis ora dibutuhake. (Deleng Kerusakan Hepatik ing Ati-ati.)
Gangguan Ginjal
Ora ana rekomendasi dosis khusus ing wektu iki. (Deleng Kerusakan Renal ing Ati-ati.)
Pasien Geriatrik
Pamilihan dosis kanthi ati-ati, biasane miwiti terapi ing pungkasan dosis sing sithik, dianjurake amarga bisa nyuda ati sing ana gandhengane karo umur. , fungsi ginjel, lan/utawa jantung lan penyakit bebarengan lan terapi obat.
Pènget
Kontraindikasi
Pènget/PanandhapReaksi Sensitivitas
Reaksi hipersensitivitas, kalebu angioedema kanthi pembengkakan lambe, ilat, lan pharynx, dilaporake.
Infeksi
Infeksi candidal lokal ing tutuk lan/utawa pharynx kacarita.
Yen ana infeksi, miwiti perawatan antijamur lokal utawa sistemik sing cocok nalika isih nerusake terapi ciclesonide inhalasi. Bisa uga mbutuhake gangguan terapi ciclesonide ing sawetara pasien.
Gunakake kanthi ati-ati, yen kabeh, ing pasien kanthi infeksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis klinis utawa asimtomatik ing saluran pernapasan; infeksi jamur sistemik, bakteri, parasit, utawa virus sing ora diobati; utawa herpes simpleks okular.
Eksaserbasi Akut Asma
Nambani gejala asma akut kanthi bronkodilator β2-agonis short-acting. Yen gejala tetep, evaluasi maneh terapi asma lan nimbang miwiti kortikosteroid sistemik.
Pasien Imunosupresif
Tambah kerentanan kanggo infeksi ing pasien sing njupuk obat imunosupresif dibandhingake karo wong sing sehat. Infèksi tartamtu (contone, varicella [cacar], campak) bisa nyebabake asil sing luwih serius utawa malah fatal ing pasien kasebut.
Ngati-ati supaya ora kena paparan ing pasien sing rentan. Yen pajanan varicella utawa campak ana ing pasien sing rentan, pertimbangake kanggo menehi varicella zoster immune globulin (VZIG) utawa pooled immune globulin (IG). Coba perawatan karo agen antivirus yen varicella berkembang.
Penundaan Terapi Kortikosteroid Sistemik
Kamungkinan insufisiensi adrenal sing ngancam nyawa ing pasien sing diowahi saka kortikosteroid sistemik menyang ciclesonide sing dihirup kanthi oral.
Mundur terapi kortikosteroid sistemik kanthi bertahap lan monitor kanthi teliti kanggo objektif pratandha saka insufficiency adrenal (contone, lemes, lassitude, kekirangan, mual, mutahke, hypotension) nalika mundur saka therapy sistemik. Fungsi paru-paru (FEV1 utawa morning peak expiratory flow rate [PEFR]), adjunctive β2-adrenergik agonis, lan gejala asma uga kudu dipantau kanthi teliti. Ing umume pasien, sawetara wulan dibutuhake kanggo pulih total fungsi HPA sawise mundur saka terapi kortikosteroid sistemik. Patients sing wis maintained ing ≥20 mg saka prednisone (utawa padha karo) saben dina bisa dadi paling rentan kanggo efek salabetipun kuwi, utamané sak bagean pungkasan saka transfer. (Waca Konversi menyang Terapi Oral Inhaled ing Patients Nampa Kortikosteroid Sistemik miturut Dosis lan Administrasi.)
Gejala mundur kortikosteroid (contone, nyeri sendi, nyeri otot, lesu, depresi) bisa kedadeyan; ngawasi kanthi ati-ati sajrone lan sawetara sasi sawise mundur saka kortikosteroid sistemik.
Insufisiensi adrenal akut bisa kedadeyan nalika ngalami trauma, operasi, utawa infeksi (utamane gastroenteritis) utawa kahanan liyane sing ana gandhengane karo mundhut elektrolit sing abot.
Kamungkinan mbukak tutup saka kondisi alergi sing sadurunge dikontrol dening terapi kortikosteroid sistemik (contone, rhinitis, konjungtivitis, eksim, arthritis, kondisi eosinofilik).
Efek Kortikosteroid Sistemik
Administrasi ciclesonide inhalasi sing luwih dhuwur tinimbang sing disaranake sajrone wektu sing suwe bisa nyebabake manifestasi hiperkortisisme lan penekanan fungsi HPA. Yen owah-owahan kasebut kedadeyan, suda dosis ciclesonide alon-alon, selaras karo prosedur sing ditampa kanggo nyuda dosis kortikosteroid sistemik lan manajemen gejala asma.
Ngati-ati banget kanggo ngawasi pasien sawise operasi utawa sajrone wektu stres kanggo bukti ora cukup. respon adrenal. Terapi tambahan karo kortikosteroid sistemik sing dibutuhake nalika stres utawa serangan asma abot.
Efek Muskuloskeletal
Panganggone jangka panjang kortikosteroid sing dihirup bisa nyebabake metabolisme balung normal, nyebabake kelangan kepadatan mineral balung (BMD).
Pantau pasien kanthi resiko gedhe. faktor kanggo nyuda BMD (contone, riwayat kulawarga osteoporosis, imobilisasi sing suwe, panggunaan obat-obatan kronis sing bisa nyuda massa balung [contone, anticonvulsants, kortikosteroid]) lan ngobati kanthi standar perawatan sing wis ditemtokake.
Efek Okular
Glaukoma, peningkatan TIO, lan katarak jarang dilapurake ing pasien sing nampa kortikosteroid sing dihirup oral. Ngawasi kanthi ati-ati pasien sing ngalami owah-owahan ing sesanti lan sing duwe riwayat peningkatan TIO, glaukoma, lan/utawa katarak.
Efek Pernafasan
Bronkospasme lan wheezing bisa kedadeyan kanthi terapi inhalasi oral.
Yen ana bronkospasme, obati langsung nganggo bronkodilator short-acting, lan mandhegake perawatan karo ciclesonide lan institute alternatif. terapi.
Populasi Tertentu
KandhutanKategori C.
LaktasiDistribusi menyang susu ing tikus; ora dingerteni manawa disebarake menyang susu manungsa. Ati-ati yen digunakake ing wanita sing nyusoni.
Panggunaan PediatrikKeamanan lan khasiat ora ditetepake ing bocah-bocah <12 taun.
Kanthi panggunaan sing suwe, bisa nyuda tingkat pertumbuhan ing bocah lan remaja. Ngawasi kanthi rutin (umpamane, liwat stadiometri) wutah lan perkembangan pasien pediatrik sing nampa terapi kortikosteroid. Timbang keuntungan saka terapi kortikosteroid versus kemungkinan dipatèni wutah lan risiko sing ana gandhengane karo terapi alternatif. Gunakake dosis paling murah sing bisa ngontrol asma kanthi efektif.
Panggunaan GeriatrikPengalaman sing ora cukup babagan inhalasi lisan ing pasien ≥65 taun kanggo nemtokake manawa pasien geriatrik nanggapi beda karo pasien sing luwih enom. (Deleng Pasien Geriatrik miturut Dosis lan Administrasi.)
Gangguan HepatikPeningkatan paparan sistemik ing pasien kanthi gangguan hepatik moderat nganti abot; Nanging, pangaturan dosis ora perlu.
Gagal GinjalFarmakokinetik ora dievaluasi nanging dampak saka gangguan ginjel kudu minimal.
Efek Umum sing Sabar
Sakit sirah, nasofaringitis, sinusitis, nyeri pharyngolaryngeal, infeksi saluran napas ndhuwur, artralgia, hidung tersumbat, nyeri ekstremitas, nyeri punggung, serak, kandidiasis oral, influenza, pneumonia, muskuloskeletal dada nyeri, urtikaria, pusing, gastroenteritis, edema rai, lemes, konjungtivitis.
Apa obatan liyane bakal mengaruhi Ciclesonide (Systemic, Oral Inhalation)
Potensi inhibisi ciclesonide ing isoenzim CYP ora dievaluasi; nanging des-ciclesonide (metabolit aktif) ora nyandhet utawa ngindhuksi metabolisme obat liya sing dimetabolisme dening isoenzim CYP in vitro.
Ciclesonide lan des-ciclesonide ora nyebabake isoenzim CYP in vitro.
Obat-obatan sing Ngaruhi Enzim Mikrosomal Hepatik
Inhibitor CYP3A4: Potensi interaksi farmakokinetik (konsentrasi des-ciclesonide plasma mundhak).
Obat-obatan sing kaiket protein
Interaksi farmakokinetik ora mungkin.
Obat Spesifik
Obat
Interaksi
Komentar
Albuterol
Interaksi farmakokinetik karo des-ciclesonide ora diamati
Eritromisin
Interaksi farmakokinetik ora diamati
Formoterol
Interaksi farmakokinetik karo des-ciclesonide ora diamati
Ketokonazol
Peningkatan plasma des-ciclesonide konsentrasi; Nanging, konsentrasi plasma ciclesonide ora owah
Gunakake kanthi ati-ati; ora ana rekomendasi dosis khusus ing wektu iki
Asam salisilat
Interaksi farmakokinetik ora mungkin
Ikatan protein plasma des-ciclesonide ora diowahi dening asam salisilat ing vitro
Warfarin
Interaksi farmakokinetik ora mungkin
Ikatan protein plasma des-ciclesonide ora diowahi dening warfarin ing vitro
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