DAUNOrubicin and Cytarabine
Kelas obat: Agen Antineoplastik
Panganggone DAUNOrubicin and Cytarabine
Leukemia Mieloid Akut (AML)
Pengobatan AML sing gegandhengan karo terapi (t-AML; sekunder AML) utawa AML kanthi owah-owahan sing gegandhengan karo myelodysplasia (AML-MRC) ing wong diwasa (ditunjuk minangka anak yatim piatu tamba dening FDA kanggo panggunaan iki).
Bisa digunakake kanggo induksi remisi uga terapi konsolidasi.
Bukti sing ndhukung khasiat adhedhasar utamane ing studi sing ditindakake ing pasien kanthi risiko dhuwur. AML (yaiku, pasien> 60 taun karo t-AML utawa AML-MRC).
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Carane nggunakake DAUNOrubicin and Cytarabine
Umum
Administrasi
IV Administrasi
Kanggo informasi kompatibilitas solusi, deleng Kompatibilitas ing Stabilitas.
Administrasi mung kanthi infus IV liwat jalur vena pusat (contone, kateter vena pusat utawa kateter tengah sing dipasang ing perifer [PICC]) nggunakake pompa infus; aja nganggo saringan inline. Komponen daunorubicin bisa nyebabake nekrosis jaringan sing abot yen ana ekstravasasi; aja menehi IM utawa sub-Q.
Sawise administrasi, siram jalur IV kanthi injeksi natrium klorida 0,9% utawa injeksi Dextrose 5%. diencerke sadurunge administrasi. (Deleng Panyimpenan ing Stabilitas.)
Aja nyampur karo obat liya utawa menehi obat liyane bebarengan ing baris IV sing padha.
RekonstitusiTemtokake jumlah vial sing bakal dikonstitusi adhedhasar dosis komponen daunorubicin sing dituduhake.
Sadurunge rekonstitusi, ngidini vial diseimbangkan nganti suhu kamar suwene 30 menit.
Rekonstitusi vial sing ngemot 44 mg daunorubicin lan 100 mg cytarabine kanthi 19 ml banyu steril kanggo injeksi kanggo nyedhiyakake dispersi koloid sing ngemot 2,2 mg daunorubicin lan 5 mg cytarabine saben mL. Nggunakake timer, muter saben vial kanggo 5 menit (alon-alon walik saben 30 detik). Aja panas, vortex, utawa goyangake kanthi kuat. Allow tamba reconstituted kanggo ngaso kanggo 15 menit; campur maneh karo 5 inversi sing lembut sadurunge pengenceran luwih lanjut.
Dispersi daunorubicin/cytarabine liposomal sing wis direkonstitusi kudu buram, ungu, homogen, lan bebas saka partikel sing katon.
PengenceranObat sing diencerake maneh. sadurunge infus IV.
Encerake dosis sing cocog ing tas IV sing ngemot 500 mL injeksi natrium klorida 0,9% utawa injeksi dextrose 5%. Nyampur solusi sing diencerke kanthi alon-alon ngowahi tas IV. (Deleng Panyimpenan ing Stabilitas.)
Larutan sing diencerke kudu dadi tembus, ungu jero, dispersi homogen sing bebas saka partikel sing katon.
Buang bagean sing ora digunakake saka solusi sing diencerake lan diencerake.
Tingkat AdministrasiAdministrasi kanthi infus IV liwat 90 menit.
Dosis
Kasedhiya minangka persiapan kombinasi tetep sing ngemot rasio molar 1:5 daunorubicin kanggo cytarabine coencapsulated ing liposom (daunorubicin/cytarabine liposomal).
Saben vial dosis siji ngandhut 44 mg daunorubicin lan 100 mg sitarabin sing dienkapsulasi ing liposom.
Etung dosis kombinasi tetep adhedhasar komponen daunorubicin.
Dewasa< /h4> AML IV
Kursus lengkap kasusun saka 1-2 siklus terapi induksi lan 1-2 siklus terapi konsolidasi.
Terapi induksi: Daunorubicin 44 mg/m2 lan sitarabin 100 mg/m2 minangka kombinasi liposom tetep ing dina 1, 3, lan 5 siklus induksi pisanan; yen remisi lengkap ora digayuh lan keracunan sing ora bisa ditampa ora kedadeyan, bisa ditindakake siklus induksi kapindho 2-5 minggu sawise siklus induksi pisanan ing dina 1 lan 3 ing dosis sing padha.
Terapi konsolidasi (administrasi 5-8 minggu). saka wiwitan siklus induksi pungkasan): Daunorubicin 29 mg/m2 lan cytarabine 65 mg/m2 minangka kombinasi liposomal tetep ing dina 1 lan 3; bisa ngatur siklus konsolidasi kaloro 5-8 minggu sawise miwiti siklus konsolidasi pisanan yen progresi penyakit utawa keracunan sing ora bisa ditampa ora kedadeyan.
Yen dosis ora kejawab, gunakake sanalika bisa. Setel jadwal dosis sing cocog kanggo njaga interval perawatan ing antarane siklus.
Modifikasi Dosis kanggo Reaksi Hipersensitivitas KeracunanYen ana reaksi hipersensitivitas entheng, langsung interupsi infus lan miwiti perawatan sing ndhukung; sawise resolusi gejala, nyuda tingkat infus kanthi 50%. Coba premedikasi karo antihistamin lan/utawa kortikosteroid sadurunge infus sakteruse.
Yen ana reaksi hipersensitivitas moderat, enggal interupsi infus lan miwiti perawatan sing ndhukung; Aja nerusake infus sawise resolusi gejala. Kanggo infus sakteruse, bisa diwènèhaké ing tingkat sing padha sawise administrasi regimen premedikasi (yaiku, antihistamin lan/utawa kortikosteroid).
Yen reaksi hipersensitivitas sing abot utawa ngancam nyawa, mungkasi terapi kanthi permanen. Miwiti perawatan sing ndhukung lan ngawasi pasien.
Batesan Resep
Dewasa
IVKanthi daunorubicin konvensional, tambah insiden gagal jantung sing diamati kanthi dosis kumulatif total >400-550 mg/m2. (Deleng Efek Jantung ing Ati-ati.)
Populasi Khusus
Gangguan Hepatik
Ora ana panyesuaian dosis sing dibutuhake ing pasien kanthi konsentrasi bilirubin serum ≤3 mg/dL.
Gangguan ginjel
Ora ana panyesuaian dosis sing dibutuhake ing pasien kanthi gangguan ginjel entheng utawa moderat (Clcr 30 –89 mL/menit).
Pasien Geriatri
Ora ana rekomendasi dosis khusus.
Pènget
Kontraindikasi
Pènget / PancegahanPènget
Kurang Interchangeability karo Preparat Daunorubicin lan Cytarabine Liyane
Aja ngganti kombinasi liposomal tetep daunorubicin lan cytarabine (daunorubicin/cytarabine liposomal) karo preparat daunorubicin lan/utawa cytarabine liyane (e.g., daunorubicin. injeksi, injeksi liposomal daunorubicin sitrat, injeksi sitarabin, injeksi liposomal sitarabin). (Deleng Peringatan Kotak.)
Sipat farmakokinetik, formulasi, lan dosis persiapan liposomal kombinasi tetep beda karo preparat siji-entitas (kalebu bentuk liposomal lan nonliposomal).
Konfirmasi obat, dosis, lan formulasi sing bener sadurunge nyiyapake lan administrasi.
Reaksi Sensitivitas
Reaksi HipersensitivitasReaksi hipersensitivitas serius utawa fatal, kalebu reaksi anafilaksis, dilapurake ing pasien sing nampa daunorubicin lan cytarabine minangka agen tunggal.
Monitor manifestasi reaksi hipersensitivitas. Yen reaksi hipersensitivitas kedadeyan, mula perawatan sing cocog lan perawatan sing ndhukung. Ngurangi tingkat infus, ngganggu infus sementara, utawa mungkasi terapi adhedhasar keruwetan reaksi kasebut. (Deleng Modifikasi Dosis kanggo Toksisitas ing Dosis lan Administrasi.) Yen ana reaksi hipersensitivitas sing abot utawa ngancam nyawa, mungkasi terapi kanthi permanen lan ngawasi pasien.
Pènget lan Pancegahan Liyane
PendarahanPendarahan serius utawa fatal sing ana hubungane karo trombositopenia abot sing saya suwe dilaporake. Pendarahan CNS sing fatal amarga ora ana perkembangan penyakit sing dilaporake jarang. Perdarahan sing paling umum yaiku epistaksis.
Yen ana pendarahan, pantau CBC nganti resolusi. Atur transfusi trombosit yen perlu.
Efek JantungDaunorubicin/cytarabine liposomal ngandhut antrasiklin daunorubicin, lan kardiotoksisitas dikenal minangka risiko terapi antrasiklin.
Terapi sadurunge karo agen antrasiklin liyane, jantung sing wis ana sadurunge penyakit, terapi radiasi sadurunge menyang wilayah mediastinal, utawa nggunakake obat kardiotoksik liyane kanthi bebarengan bisa nambah risiko. Kanthi daunorubicin konvensional, tambah insiden gagal jantung sing diamati kanthi total dosis kumulatif> 550 mg / m2 (utawa> 400 mg / m2 ing pasien sing wis nampa terapi radiasi menyang wilayah mediastinum).
Etung antrasiklin kumulatif seumur hidup paparan sadurunge saben siklus. Kalebu terapi sadurunge utawa bebarengan karo agen anthracycline liyane, kayata doxorubicin, utawa senyawa sing gegandhengan ing pitungan. Aja nggunakake ing pasien sing wis tekan watesan kumulatif maksimal.
Entuk ECG awal lan evaluasi fungsi jantung (kalebu fraksi ejeksi ventrikel kiwa [LVEF]) kanthi echocardiogram utawa multigated radionuclide angiography (MUGA) sadurunge miwiti terapi. terapi; aja digunakake ing pasien kanthi LVEF dhasar ing ngisor watesan normal. Baleni ekokardiogram utawa MUGA sadurunge miwiti terapi konsolidasi lan minangka indikasi klinis. Evaluasi risiko versus keuntungan saka miwiti utawa nerusake terapi ing pasien sing duwe gangguan fungsi jantung.
Overload TembagaReconstituted daunorubicin/cytarabine liposomal ngandhut 5 mg/mL tembaga glukonat (14% saka unsur tembaga). Safety ing patients karo penyakit Wilson utawa kelainan metabolis related tembaga liyane ora ditetepake. Eksposur total teoritis maksimum tembaga sawise terapi induksi lan konsolidasi yaiku 106 mg/m2.
Ing pasien sing nandhang penyakit Wilson, gunakake mung yen keuntungan potensial luwih gedhe tinimbang risiko. Yen digunakake ing pasien kasebut, ngawasi total tembaga serum, serum tembaga sing ora terikat ceruloplasmin, lan ekskresi tembaga urin 24 jam lan nindakake penilaian neuropischologis kanthi periodik. Konsultasi karo dokter sing duwe keahlian kanggo ngatur keracunan tembaga akut. Yen manifestasi keracunan tembaga akut dumadi ing pasien, mandhegake terapi.
Efek LokalExtravasasi daunorubicin, komponen daunorubicin/cytarabine liposomal, bisa nyebabake nekrosis jaringan lokal sing abot. (Deleng Administrasi IV miturut Dosis lan Administrasi.)
Morbiditas lan Mortalitas Janin/NeonatalBisa nyebabake cilaka janin adhedhasar temuan kewan lan laporan anekdotal ing wanita ngandhut.
Liposomal daunorubicin lan cytarabine konvensional dituduhake teratogenik, embriotoksik, lan fetotoksik ing kewan. Malformasi anggota awak utama sing dilapurake ing bayi saka ibu sing kena IV cytarabine, piyambak utawa ing kombinasi karo agen liyane, nalika trimester pisanan. (Deleng Pregnancy ing Cautions.)
Konfirmasi status meteng sadurunge miwiti terapi. Aja meteng sajrone terapi. Wanita sing duwe anak lan wong lanang sing dadi mitra wanita kasebut kudu nggunakake metode kontrasepsi sing efektif nalika nampa daunorubicin / cytarabine liposomal lan kanggo ≥6 sasi sawise kombinasi tetep dihentikan. Yen digunakake nalika meteng utawa pasien lagi mbobot, kabarake potensial bebaya janin.
Gangguan KesuburanBisa ngrusak kesuburan lanang.
Populasi Tertentu
KandhutanOra ana studi sing nyukupi lan dikontrol kanthi apik ing wanita ngandhut; Nanging, pasinaon kewan suggest bisa cilaka janin yen digunakake sak meteng. (Waca Fetal/Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality ing Cautions.)
LaktasiOra dingerteni manawa daunorubicin, cytarabine, utawa metabolite nyebar menyang susu manungsa. Efek ing bayi sing nyusoni lan produksi susu uga ora dingerteni. Mungkasi nyusoni sajrone terapi lan nganti ≥2 minggu sawise mandhegake obat.
Panggunaan PediatrikKeamanan lan khasiat durung ditetepake.
Panggunaan GeriatrikIng uji klinis, ora ana bedane safety sakabèhé kanggo wong diwasa sing luwih enom diamati; Nanging, acara hemorrhagic dumadi luwih kerep ing pasien geriatri.
Gangguan HepatikFarmakokinetik daunorubicin lan cytarabine ora owah ing pasien kanthi konsentrasi bilirubin serum ≤3 mg/dL.
Data kurang ing pasien kanthi konsentrasi bilirubin serum>3 mg/dL.
Gagal GinjalFarmakokinetik daunorubicin lan cytarabine ora owah ing pasien kanthi gangguan ginjel entheng utawa moderat (Clcr 30–89 mL/menit).
Data kurang ing pasien kanthi gangguan ginjel abot (Clcr 15-29 mL / menit) utawa penyakit ginjel tahap pungkasan.
Efek Umum sing Sabar
Terapi induksi kanggo t-AML lan AML-MRC sing mentas didiagnosis: Pendarahan, neutropenia febrile, ruam, edema, mual, diare/kolitis, mucositis, konstipasi, nyeri muskuloskeletal, nyeri weteng, watuk, sirah, dyspnea, lemes, aritmia, mundhut napsu, radhang paru-paru (ora kalebu pneumonia jamur), gangguan turu, bakteremia (ora kalebu sepsis), muntah, hawa adhem, hipotensi, kardiotoksisitas non-konduksi, trombositopenia sing dawa, neutropenia sing dawa, hyponatremia.
Terapi konsolidasi kanggo t-AML lan AML-MRC sing mentas didiagnosa: Efek ala sing padha karo sing dilapurake sajrone terapi induksi, nanging ing insiden sing luwih murah (kajaba kanggo hawa adhem, pusing, lan pyrexia).
p>Apa obatan liyane bakal mengaruhi DAUNOrubicin and Cytarabine
Studi interaksi obat khusus sing durung ditindakake nganti saiki; Nanging, interaksi sing ditengahi dening inhibitor utawa inducer isoenzim CYP utawa transporter umum ora mungkin adhedhasar data klinis sing kasedhiya karo preparat cytarabine lan daunorubicin liposomal utawa nonliposomal liyane.
Obat Kardiotoksik
Bisa tambah risiko. saka cardiotoxicity. Yen panggunaan bebarengan ora bisa dihindari, monitor fungsi jantung luwih kerep.
Obat Hepatotoksik
Kamungkinan gangguan fungsi ati lan tambah risiko keracunan. Yen panggunaan bebarengan ora bisa dihindari, monitor fungsi ati luwih kerep.
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