Emicizumab-kxwh (Systemic)
Jeneng merek: Hemlibra
Kelas obat:
Agen Antineoplastik
Panganggone Emicizumab-kxwh (Systemic)
Hemofilia A
Profilaksis rutin kanggo nyegah utawa nyuda frekuensi episode pendarahan ing wong diwasa lan pasien pediatrik (neonatus lan luwih lawas) kanthi hemofilia A (kekurangan faktor VIII kongenital; hemofilia klasik) kanthi utawa tanpa inhibitor faktor VIII . Ditunjuk minangka obat yatim piatu dening FDA kanggo panggunaan iki.
Ora dituduhake kanggo perawatan episode pendarahan akut lan pendarahan terobosan. Kanggo pendarahan terobosan ing pasien tanpa inhibitor, konsentrat faktor pembekuan VIII kudu digunakake. Kanggo pasien karo inhibitor sing ngalami pendarahan akut, perawatan karo faktor VIIa aktif rekombinan (rFVIIa) dianjurake. Panganggone konsentrat kompleks prothrombin aktif (aPCC) umume kudu dihindari.
World Federation of Hemophilia and Medical and Scientific Advisory Council (MASAC) saka National Hemophilia Foundation nerbitake pedoman babagan manajemen hemofilia. Pedoman MASAC nyedhiyakake rekomendasi babagan panggunaan lan manajemen emicizumab saliyane manajemen pendarahan akut ing pasien sing nampa obat kasebut.
Terapi profilaksis kanthi konsentrat faktor pembekuan utawa produk pengganti non-faktor liyane (contone, emicizumab) dianggep minangka standar perawatan saiki kanggo pasien hemofilia abot A (aktivitas faktor VIII <1%). Profilaksis uga bisa dianggep ing pasien hemofilia A entheng utawa moderat gumantung saka risiko pendarahan.
Adhedhasar bukti saiki, MASAC nyatakake yen pasien sing duwe inhibitor sing ngalami episode pendarahan spontan utawa traumatik, sing diobati karo agen bypassing episodik utawa prophylactic, bakal entuk manfaat sing signifikan saka profilaksis emicizumab; therapy kuwi kudu dianggep pisanan-line. Pasien sing nampa profilaksis kanthi agen bypass sing duwe sawetara episode getihen bisa nimbang pindhah menyang profilaksis emicizumab adhedhasar efektifitas biaya sakabèhé, ngurangi beban administrasi, lan khasiat hemostatik sing unggul sakabèhé.
Ngenali strategi perawatan khusus adhedhasar umur pasien ing wektu kasebut. wektu wiwitan profilaksis, fenotipe pendarahan, status sendi, farmakokinetik individu, gaya urip, lan preferensi kanggo pilihan terapi.
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Carane nggunakake Emicizumab-kxwh (Systemic)
Umum
Skrining Pretreatment
Ngawasi Pasien
Dispensing lan Pancegahan Administrasi
Pertimbangan Umum Liyane
Administrasi
Injeksi Sub-Q
Injeksi sub-Q menyang weteng, paha anterior, utawa lengen ndhuwur njaba ; bisa ditindakake kanthi mandiri sawise latihan sing cocog.
Kasedhiya ing vial dosis tunggal tanpa pengawet sing ngemot 30 mg/mL, 60 mg/0,4 mL, 105 mg/0,7 mL, utawa 150 mg/mL. solusi. Multiple vials bisa uga dibutuhake kanggo entuk dosis sing diwènèhaké; aja gabungke bokor sing ngemot konsentrasi sing beda kanggo nggawe dosis siji.
Bahan sing dibutuhake kanggo nyiapake sing cocog lan administrasi sub-Q emicizumab kalebu jarum suntik (syringe 1-mL kanggo volume dosis nganti 1 mL; 2- utawa jarum suntik 3-mL kanggo volume dosis luwih saka 1 mL lan nganti 2 mL); jarum transfer 18-gauge kanthi saringan 5 mikron; lan jarum injeksi 25-, 26-, utawa 27-gauge. Bahan kasebut ora dikemas karo emicizumab lan kudu diwènèhaké kanthi kapisah.
Atur volume dosis nganti 1 mL nggunakake jarum suntik 1-mL; ngatur volume dosis luwih saka 1 mL nganti 2 mL kanthi jarum suntik 2- utawa 3-mL; volume dosis luwih saka 2 mL mbutuhake luwih saka 1 injeksi.
Gunakake situs sing beda karo saben injeksi utawa injeksi kapisah paling sethithik 1 inci yen situs administrasi sing padha digunakake.
Aja nyuntikake menyang wilayah kulit sing tender, bruised, abang, hard, utawa ora utuh; ngindhari parut, tahi lalat, lan area ing jarak 2 inci ing sekitar pusar.
Sadurungé administrasi, botol anget ing suhu kamar adoh saka sinar srengenge langsung suwene 15 menit; aja nganggo cara liya kanggo anget obat.
Solusi Emicizumab kudu katon ora ana warna nganti rada kuning; aja digunakake yen mendhung, wernane, utawa ngandhut partikel.
Dosis
Pasien Anak
Hemofilia A Sub-QRejimen dosis 3 mg/ kg sapisan saben minggu kanggo 4 minggu pisanan sing diterusake karo regimen dosis pangopènan.
Pilihan regimen dosis pangopènan (pilih regimen sing cocog adhedhasar preferensi dokter lan pertimbangan regimen sing bisa nambah ketaatan pasien):
Atur dosis sing ora kejawab sanalika bisa, banjur nerusake jadwal biasa; aja menehi 2 dosis ing dina sing padha.
Dewasa
Hemofilia A Sub-QRejimen dosis loading 3 mg/kg sapisan saben minggu kanggo 4 minggu pisanan diterusake karo regimen dosis pangopènan.
Pilihan regimen dosis pangopènan (pilih regimen sing cocog adhedhasar preferensi dokter lan pertimbangan regimen sing bisa nambah ketaatan pasien):
Atur dosis sing ora kejawab sanalika bisa, banjur nerusake jadwal biasa; aja menehi 2 dosis ing dina sing padha.
Populasi Khusus
Gangguan Hepatik
Produsen ora menehi rekomendasi dosis tartamtu.
Gangguan Ginjal
Produsen ora menehi rekomendasi dosis khusus.
Panganggone Geriatrik
Produsen ora menehi rekomendasi dosis khusus.
Pènget
Kontraindikasi
Pènget/PanandhapPènget
Microangiopathy Trombotik Digandhengake karo Emicizumab-kxwh lan aPCC
Kasus microangiopathy trombotik sing dilapurake ing pasien sing nampa emicizumab lan aPCC luwih kerep tinimbang pasien sing nampa emicizumab mung ing uji klinis. (Deleng Warning Boxed.)
Gambar klinis kalebu trombositopenia, anemia hemolitik mikroangiopatik, lan ciloko ginjel akut. Perbaikan dicathet sajrone 1 minggu sawise mandhegake aPCC kanthi terapi sing ndhukung dhewe utawa bebarengan karo plasmapheresis.
Pertimbangake risiko lan keuntungan sadurunge nggunakake aPCC ing pasien sing nampa emicizumab. MASAC nyatakake yen administrasi aPCC kudu dihentikan paling ora 24 jam sadurunge miwiti emicizumab. Ngawasi microangiopathy thrombotic lan acara thrombotic yen digunakake bebarengan. Potensi interaksi antarane aPCC lan emicizumab bisa tahan nganti 6 sasi sawise dosis emicizumab pungkasan; nimbang risiko nggunakake aPCC sajrone wektu iki.
Mungkasi aPCC lan nahan emicizumab yen gejala utawa temuan laboratorium konsisten karo microangiopathy thrombotic; ngatur minangka dituduhake klinis. Coba risiko lan mupangat kanggo nerusake terapi emicizumab kanthi basis khusus pasien sawise resolusi lengkap.
Thromboembolism Gegandhengan karo Emicizumab-kxwh lan aPCCKasus thromboembolism sing dilapurake ing pasien sing nampa emicizumab lan aPCC luwih kerep tinimbang pasien sing nampa emicizumab piyambakan. (Deleng Warning Kotak.) Ora ana acara sing mbutuhake terapi antikoagulasi.
Perbaikan utawa resolusi dicathet sajrone sewulan sawise mungkasi aPCC.
Potensi interaksi antarane aPCC lan emicizumab bisa nganti 6 sasi sawise dosis emicizumab pungkasan.
Pertimbangake risiko lan keuntungan sadurunge nggunakake aPCC ing pasien sing nampa emicizumab. MASAC nyatakake yen administrasi aPCC kudu dihentikan paling ora 24 jam sadurunge miwiti emicizumab. Monitor thromboembolism yen digunakake bebarengan. Potensi interaksi antarane aPCC lan emicizumab bisa tahan nganti 6 sasi sawise dosis emicizumab pungkasan; nimbang risiko nggunakake aPCC sajrone wektu iki.
Mungkasi aPCC lan nahan emicizumab yen gejala, pencitraan, utawa temuan laboratorium konsisten karo thromboembolism; ngatur minangka dituduhake klinis. Coba risiko lan mupangat kanggo nerusake terapi emicizumab kanthi basis khusus pasien sawise resolusi lengkap.
Pènget / Pancegahan Liyane
Interferensi Tes Coagulation LaboratoriumEmicizumab ngganggu tes koagulasi sing adhedhasar jalur pembekuan intrinsik. Aja nggunakake tes laboratorium adhedhasar jalur pembekuan intrinsik kanggo ngawasi emicizumab, nemtokake dosis kanggo penggantian faktor utawa antikoagulasi, utawa ngukur titer inhibitor faktor VIII ing pasien sing nampa emicizumab.
Tes sing kena pengaruh kalebu aPTT, Bethesda adhedhasar pembekuan. tes titer inhibitor faktor VIII, tes faktor tunggal berbasis aPTT, resistensi protein C aktif berbasis aPTT (APC-R), lan wektu pembekuan aktif (ACT).
Tes sing ora kena pengaruh kalebu sapi tes Bethesda kromogenik kanggo titer inhibitor faktor VIII, wektu trombin (TT), tes faktor tunggal adhedhasar wektu protrombin siji, tes faktor tunggal adhedhasar kromogenik liyane saka tes basis kekebalan faktor VIII (yaiku, ELISA, metode turbidimetri) , tes genetik faktor koagulasi (umpamane, faktor V Leiden, prothrombin 20210).
ImunogenisitasAntibodi anti-emicizumab-kxwh (kalebu antibodi netralisasi) sing dilapurake ing pasien sing nampa obat kasebut. Yen tandha-tandha ilang saka khasiat berkembang, priksa etiologi kanthi cepet lan nimbang owah-owahan perawatan yen dicurigai antibodi netralisasi.
Populasi Tertentu
KandhutanOra ana data sing kasedhiya; Gunakake mung yen manfaat potensial kanggo ibu ngluwihi risiko potensial kanggo janin.
LaktasiOra dingerteni manawa emicizumab disebarake menyang susu, mengaruhi bayi sing nyusoni, utawa mengaruhi produksi susu. IgG manungsa ana ing susu manungsa. Coba manfaatake pangembangan lan kesehatan saka nyusoni bebarengan karo kabutuhan klinis ibu kanggo emicizumab lan efek samping sing potensial kanggo bocah sing disusui utawa saka kondisi ibu sing ndasari.
Wanita lan Lanang Potensi ReproduksiPanganggone kontrasepsi sajrone terapi emicizumab dianjurake kanggo wanita sing bisa nglairake anak.
Panggunaan PediatrikEfikasi klinis lan safety ditetepake ing uji klinis kanggo pasien bocah sing umure umur 1 wulan.
Ora ana bedane khasiat sing dicathet ing antarane pasien pediatrik. ing kelompok umur luwih enom lan tuwa. Profil efek salabetipun umume padha antarane wong diwasa lan pasien pediatrik.
Konsentrasi liwat sing bisa dibandhingake antarane wong diwasa lan pasien bocah sing umure luwih saka 6 sasi; konsentrasi sing luwih murah diantisipasi ing pasien sing luwih enom saka 6 sasi.
Panggunaan GeriatrikPengalaman uji klinis sing ora cukup kanggo ndeteksi prabédan respon kanggo pasien sing umure 65 taun lan luwih tuwa dibandhingake karo pasien sing luwih enom.
Gangguan HepatikAnteng (total bilirubin 1 wektu nanging ora > 1,5 kaping ULN kanthi tingkat AST) utawa moderat (total bilirubin 1,5 kaping nanging ora > 3 kaping ULN karo tingkat AST) gangguan hepatik: Ora ana efek klinis sing penting.
p>Gangguan hepatik abot: Ora diteliti.
Gagal ginjalGangguan ginjel entheng utawa moderat (Clcr 30–89 mL/menit): Ora ana efek klinis sing penting.
Genal ginjel abot cacat: Ora sinau.
Efek Umum sing Sabar
Reaksi ing situs injeksi, sirah, arthralgia.
Apa obatan liyane bakal mengaruhi Emicizumab-kxwh (Systemic)
Ora ana studi interaksi obat-obatan sing ditindakake.
Obat sing Ngaruhi koagulasi
Interaksi karo aPCC bisa nyebabake kahanan hiperkoagulasi kanthi risiko mikroangiopati trombotik utawa thromboembolism. Interaksi bisa tetep nganti 6 sasi sawise dosis terakhir emicizumab.
Pikir risiko lan keuntungan aPCC sadurunge digunakake ing pasien sing nampa emicizumab. Ngawasi microangiopathy thrombotic lan acara thrombotic yen aPCC digunakake. Mungkasi aPCC lan nahan emicizumab yen gejala, pencitraan, utawa temuan laboratorium konsisten karo salah sawijining kedadeyan.
Tes Koagulasi lan Tes Faktor Adhedhasar Pembekuan Intrinsik
Interaksi karo tes koagulasi adhedhasar intrinsik jalur pembekuan. Interaksi bisa tetep nganti 6 sasi sawise dosis pungkasan emicizumab.
Emicizumab ora mengaruhi tes koagulasi adhedhasar jalur liyane (contone, tes faktor tunggal sing nggunakake metode basis kromogenik utawa kekebalan, tes adhedhasar protein koagulasi sapi).
Emicizumab bakal ngasilake asil negatif palsu ing tes Bethesda berbasis pembekuan kanggo inhibisi fungsional faktor VIII.
Obat Spesifik lan Tes Laboratorium
Obat utawa Tes
Interaksi
Komentar
Konsentrasi kompleks protrombin aktif (aPCC)
Potensi negara hiperkoagulasi kanthi tambah risiko mikroangiopati trombotik utawa tromboembolisme
Potensi interaksi tetep nganti 6 sasi sawise dosis terakhir emicizumab
MASAC nyatakake yen administrasi aPCC kudu dihentikan paling ora 24 jam sadurunge miwiti emicizumab
Pikirake risiko lan keuntungan sadurunge nggunakake aPCC ing pasien ing emicizumab; ngawasi microangiopathy thrombotic lan acara thrombotic yen obat kasebut digunakake bebarengan
Tes koagulasi adhedhasar pembekuan intrinsik: aPTT; Tes Bethesda (basis pembekuan) kanggo titer inhibitor faktor VIII; Tahap siji, adhedhasar aPTT, tes faktor tunggal; Resistance Protein C Aktif berbasis aPTT (APC-R); Wektu pembekuan sing diaktifake (ACT)
Wektu pembekuan sing dicekak banget lan ngasilake asil sing ora akurat
Potensi interaksi tetep nganti 6 wulan sawise dosis terakhir emicizumab
Gunakake alternatif tes sing ora kena pengaruh emicizumab: tes Bethesda (kromogenik sapi) kanggo titer inhibitor faktor VIII; wektu trombin (TT); siji-tahap prothrombin time (PT) -based single-factor assays; tes faktor tunggal adhedhasar kromogenik liyane saka tes basis kekebalan faktor VIII (yaiku, ELISA, metode turbidimetri); tes genetik faktor koagulasi (contone, Faktor V Leiden, Prothrombin 20210)
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