Etranacogene Dezaparvovec
Jeneng merek: Hemgenix
Kelas obat:
Agen Antineoplastik
Panganggone Etranacogene Dezaparvovec
Etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb nduweni panggunaan ing ngisor iki:
Etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb dituduhake kanggo perawatan wong diwasa kanthi Hemofilia B (kekurangan Faktor IX bawaan) sing saiki nggunakake terapi profilaksis faktor IX, utawa duwe saiki. utawa pendarahan sajarah sing ngancam nyawa, utawa wis bola-bali, episode pendarahan spontan sing serius. Ditunjuk minangka obat yatim piatu dening FDA kanggo panggunaan iki.
Efikasi etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb dievaluasi ing open-label, dosis tunggal, siji-lengan, sinau multinasional ing 54 subjek lanang diwasa 19-75 taun umur kanthi hemofilia abot utawa moderat B. Patients ngrampungake periode timbal-in paling sethithik 6 sasi sajrone nampa regimen faktor IX profilaksis individu, lan banjur diobati kanthi dosis IV tunggal etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb 2 × 1013 salinan genom / kg bobot awak. Rata-rata rata-rata tingkat pendarahan tahunan (ABR) sajrone sasi 7 nganti 18 sawise perawatan yaiku 1,9 getihen / taun dibandhingake karo rata-rata ABR 4,1 sajrone periode timbal. Sinau luwih lanjut dibutuhake kanggo ngevaluasi keamanan jangka panjang.
Dewan Penasehat Kedokteran lan Ilmiah Masyarakat Hemofilia Nasional (MASAC) wis nerbitake pandhuan kanggo pusat perawatan hemofilia babagan ngirim terapi gen kanggo hemofilia. Kanggo informasi tambahan, deleng pedoman ing https://www.hemophilia.org/healthcare-professionals/guidelines-on-care/masac-documents/masac-document-277-masac-recommendations-on-hemophilia-treatment-center- kesiapan-kanggo-ngirim-terapi-gen-kanggo-hemofilia.
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Carane nggunakake Etranacogene Dezaparvovec
Umum
Etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb kasedhiya ing wangun dosis lan kekuatan ing ngisor iki:
Etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb minangka suspensi kanggo infus IV.
Etranacogene dezaparvovec -drlb disedhiyakake ing kit sing ngemot 10 nganti 48 bokor siji-sijine, saben kit minangka unit dosis adhedhasar bobot awak pasien.
Etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb nduweni konsentrasi nominal 1 × 1013 salinan genom/ mL, lan saben vial ngemot volume sing bisa diekstraksi ora kurang saka 10 mL.
Dosis
Penting panyedhiya label pabrikan kudu takon. kanggo informasi sing luwih rinci babagan dosis lan administrasi obat iki. Ringkesan dosis:
Dewasa
Dosis lan AdministrasiKanggo infus IV mung siji-sijine. Atur minangka infus IV liwat kateter vena perifer; aja diwènèhaké minangka push IV utawa bolus.
Pènget
Kontraindikasi
Pènget/PanandhapReaksi Infus
Reaksi infus, kalebu reaksi hipersensitivitas lan anafilaksis, bisa kedadeyan. Gejala kasebut bisa uga kalebu dada sesak, ngelu, nyeri weteng, pusing, gejala kaya flu, menggigil, flushing, ruam, lan hipertensi. Ngawasi pasien kanthi rapet kanggo tandha utawa gejala reaksi infus sajrone wektu infus lan paling ora 3 jam sawise infus rampung. Aja infus produk luwih cepet saka 500 ml/jam.
Yen ana reaksi infus nalika administrasi, infus bisa kalem utawa mandheg. Yen infus mandheg, miwiti maneh kanthi luwih alon nalika reaksi infus wis rampung. Coba perawatan karo kortikosteroid utawa antihistamin kanggo ngatur reaksi infus.
Hepatotoksisitas
Iv administrasi vektor AAV sing diarahake ati bisa nyebabake peningkatan transaminase ati (transaminitis). Transaminitis, utamane yen diamati ing 3 sasi pisanan sawise administrasi etranacogene dezaparvovec, dianggep kedadeyan amarga cedera sing dimediasi kekebalan saka hepatosit sing ditransduksi lan bisa nyuda khasiat terapeutik terapi gen adhedhasar vektor AAV.
Ing studi klinis karo etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb, umume subjek ngalami elevasi transaminase tanpa gejala, lan biasane entheng. Tingkat ALT sing luwih dhuwur kedadeyan paling kerep ing 4 wulan pisanan sawise administrasi etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb. Ana sawetara subyek sing ngalami wiwitan tingkat ALT sing luwih dhuwur ing antarane sasi 6-24 (kisaran = 42 IU / L-193 IU / L); Nanging, kabeh nilai ALT iki <2× ULN kajaba siji subyek. Telung subyek tambahan duwe elevasi AST kanthi wiwitan lan resolusi antarane sasi 6 lan 12 (kisaran = 41 IU/L – 96 IU/L).
Ing siji subyek, elevasi ALT >5× ULN dumadi 24 dina. sawise administrasi etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb lan ditanggulangi dening 51 dina sawise administrasi. Ana siji subyek sing duwe elevasi AST> 5 × ULN sing kedadeyan 11 sasi post-etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb administrasi lan ditanggulangi dadi <2 × ULN 8 dina sabanjure.
Sebagian besar nilai ALT sing munggah pangkat bali kanggo baseline, nanging ing 9 subyek, nilai ALT ora tau mantun dadi normal (kisaran ing 2 taun tindak lanjut = 48 IU/L – 193 IU/L). sasi sawise administrasi etranacogene dezaparvovec kanggo ngurangi risiko potensial hepatotoksisitas. Terus ngawasi transaminase ing kabeh pasien sing ngalami peningkatan enzim ati nganti enzim ati bali menyang garis awal.
Yen tingkat ALT sing luwih dhuwur ngluwihi wates ndhuwur tingkat garis dasar normal utawa dobel, nimbang ngetrapake kursus kortikosteroid, bebarengan karo pemantauan aktivitas Faktor IX manungsa.
Netralisasi imunisasi saka AA5 Vector Capsid
Ing terapi gen adhedhasar vektor AAV, antibodi anti-AAV sing netral sing wis ana sadurunge bisa ngalangi ekspresi transgen ing tingkat terapeutik sing dikarepake. Sawise perawatan karo etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb, kabeh subyek ngembangake antibodi anti-AAV sing netralake. Saiki, ora ana uji coba antibodi anti-AAV5 sing divalidasi.
Ing studi klinis karo etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb, uji coba klinis sing ora valid digunakake kanggo netepake antibodi anti-AAV5 sing wis ana. Sub-klompok subyek kanthi antibodi anti-AAV5 netralisasi sing wis bisa dideteksi nganti titer 1:678 nuduhake aktivitas Faktor IX rata-rata sing luwih murah tinimbang sub-klompok subyek kasebut tanpa antibodi anti-AAV5 sing netralake sing wis ana sadurunge. Subjek, kanthi lan tanpa antibodi anti-AAV5 sing wis ana sadurunge, nuduhake perlindungan hemostatik. Ing siji subyek kanthi titer antibodi anti-AAV5 netral sing wis ana sadurunge 1:3212, ora ana ekspresi Faktor IX manungsa sing diamati, lan maneh profilaksis Faktor IX eksogen dibutuhake kanggo kedadeyan getihen.
Pasien sing arep kanggo nampa perawatan karo etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb dianjurake kanggo ndhaftar ing sinau kanggo ngukur anti-AAV5 antibodi neutralizing wis ana dening nelpon CSL Behring ing 1-800-504-5434. Panliten kasebut ngevaluasi efek antibodi netralisasi anti-AAV5 sing wis ana ing risiko getihen.
Karsinogenisitas Hepatoseluler
Integrasi DNA vektor AAV sing nargetake ati menyang genom bisa nggawa risiko teoretis pangembangan karsinoma hepatoseluler.
Etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb kasusun saka non -replikasi vektor AAV5 sing DNA tetep umume ing wangun episomal. Integrasi acak saka DNA vektor etranacogene dezaparvovec menyang DNA manungsa kanthi frekuensi sing sithik. Ora ana ekspansi klonal utawa karsinogenisitas sing gegandhengan karo etranacogene dezaparvovec ing studi klinis. Siji subyek kanthi faktor risiko sing wis ana sadurunge ngembangake kanker hepatik ngembangake karsinoma hepatoseluler, sing dianggep ora ana hubungane karo perawatan etranacogene dezaparvovec adhedhasar analisis situs integrasi vektor lan urutan genom kabeh.
Pasien kanthi faktor risiko sing wis ana sadurunge. karsinoma hepatoseluler (umpamane, pasien sirosis, fibrosis hepatik lanjut, hepatitis C utawa B, penyakit ati lemak non-alkohol, konsumsi alkohol kronis, steatohepatitis non-alkohol, umur lanjut) kudu nampa skrining ultrasonik abdomen lan dipantau kanthi rutin (contone, saben taun). ) kanggo elevasi alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ing 5 taun sawise administrasi.
Ngawasi Tes Laboratorium
Sawise administrasi etranacogene dezaparvovec, pantau kanthi rutin tingkat aktivitas Faktor IX pasien.
Nalika nggunakake in vitro activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)-based one-stage clotting assay (OSA) kanggo nemtokake aktivitas Faktor IX, asil aktivitas Faktor IX plasma bisa kena pengaruh saka jinis reagen aPTT lan standar referensi sing digunakake ing assay. Iki penting kanggo dipikirake utamane nalika ngganti laboratorium lan / utawa reagen sing digunakake ing tes kasebut. Mula, uji lan reagen sing padha disaranake digunakake kanggo ngawasi aktivitas Faktor IX saka wektu.
Asil tes aktivitas Faktor IX luwih murah yen diukur nganggo uji substrat kromogenik (CSA) dibandhingake karo OSA.
Ing studi khasiat klinis karo etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb, aktivitas Faktor IX pasca dosis sing diukur nganggo CSA ngasilake nilai sing luwih murah kanthi rata-rata rasio aktivitas CSA kanggo OSA Faktor IX wiwit saka 0,41 nganti 0,55.
Ngawasi pasien liwat pengamatan klinis sing cocog lan tes laboratorium kanggo pangembangan inhibitor menyang Faktor IX sawise administrasi etranacogene dezaparvovec. Tindakake tes sing ndeteksi inhibitor Faktor IX yen getihen ora dikontrol, utawa tingkat aktivitas Faktor IX plasma mudhun.
Populasi Tertentu
KandhutanEtranacogene dezaparvovec ora ditrapake kanggo wanita. Ora ana efek ala ing tingkat kawin lan indeks kesuburan utawa bobot janin sing diamati ing tikus wadon naif sehat sing dikawinake karo tikus lanang sehat sing diwenehake IV minangka pendahulu produk etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb 6 dina sadurunge kawin. DNA vektor ora dideteksi ing uterus, plasenta, utawa janin.
Ing populasi umum AS, kira-kira risiko latar mburi cacat lair utama lan keguguran ing kandhutan sing diakoni sacara klinis yaiku 2 nganti 4% lan 15 nganti 20 %, mungguh.
LaktasiEtranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb ora dimaksudake kanggo administrasi ing wanita.
Wanita lan Lanang Potensi ReproduksiOra ana studi klinis sing ditindakake kanggo ngevaluasi efek saka etranacogene dezaparvovec -drlb ing kesuburan ing manungsa. Rong puluh dina sawise administrasi IV saka produk pendahulu etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb ing tikus lanang sing sehat, DNA vektor dideteksi ing kabeh jaringan reproduksi sing diteliti (epididimis, vesikel seminal, testis, lan sperma). Nanging, ora ana bedane sing diamati ing tingkat kawin lan indeks kesuburan ing tikus wadon naif sehat sawise kawin karo lanang dosis.
Panggunaan PediatrikKeamanan lan khasiat etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb ing pasien pediatrik durung ditetepake.
Panggunaan GeriatrikStudi klinis kalebu total 6 subjek geriatrik 68 nganti 75 taun kanthi hemofilia B nalika mlebu. Ora ana bedane sing signifikan ing profil safety lan khasiat sing diamati ing subyek kasebut dibandhingake karo subyek umur 18 nganti 65 taun, lan ora ana panyesuaian dosis sing ditindakake.
Gangguan HepatikData klinis sing winates ing subyek kanthi gangguan ati nuduhake numerik. aktivitas FIX luwih murah dibandhingake karo subyek tanpa gangguan hepatik. Ing studi klinis, panyesuaian dosis ora ditindakake ing subyek kanthi patologi hepatik. Keamanan lan khasiat ing subyek sing duwe gangguan hepatik sing luwih maju, kalebu sirosis, fibrosis ati lanjut, utawa hepatitis B lan C sing ora bisa dikontrol, durung diteliti.
Gagal GinjalData klinis sing winates kasedhiya ing subyek sing entheng lan moderat. gangguan ginjel. Ing studi klinis, ora ana penyesuaian dosis ing subyek kasebut. Keamanan lan khasiat ing subyek sing duwe gangguan ginjel abot lan penyakit ginjel tahap pungkasan durung diteliti.
Efek Samsaya Awon
Reaksi salabetipun ingkang paling umum (insiden ≥5%) yaiku peningkatan ALT, sirah, peningkatan kreatin kinase getih, gejala kaya flu, reaksi sing gegandhengan karo infus, lemes, malaise , lan AST munggah pangkat.
Apa obatan liyane bakal mengaruhi Etranacogene Dezaparvovec
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