Ofloxacin (EENT)
Jeneng merek: Ocuflox
Kelas obat:
Agen Antineoplastik
Panganggone Ofloxacin (EENT)
Infeksi Ophthalmic Bakteri
Pengobatan topikal konjungtivitis bakteri sing disebabake dening Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus mirabilis, utawa Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Konjungtivitis bakteri sing entheng lan akut kerep ilang kanthi spontan tanpa perawatan anti-infèksi. Senajan anti-infèksi ophthalmic topikal bisa nyepetake wektu kanggo resolusi lan nyuda keruwetan lan risiko komplikasi, supaya ora nggunakake anti-infèksi topikal kanthi sembarangan. Perawatan konjungtivitis bakteri akut umume empiris; nggunakake antibakteri ophthalmic topikal spektrum sing amba biasane dianjurake. Pewarnaan in vitro lan / utawa kultur bahan konjungtiva bisa dituduhake ing perawatan konjungtivitis purulen sing berulang, abot, utawa kronis utawa nalika konjungtivitis akut ora nanggapi perawatan topikal empiris awal.
Pengobatan topikal keratitis (ulkus kornea) sing disebabake dening S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Ps. aeruginosa, utawa Propionibacterium acnes. Ditetepake minangka obat yatim piatu dening FDA kanggo perawatan ulkus kornea bakteri.
Amarga keratitis bakteri bisa digandhengake karo mundhut sesanti sabanjure minangka akibat saka jaringan parut kornea utawa irregularities topografi lan amarga keratitis bakteri sing ora diobati utawa abot bisa nyebabake perforasi kornea kanthi potensial kanggo endophthalmitis lan bisa ngilangi mripat, manajemen sing optimal kalebu evaluasi lan diagnosis kanthi cepet, wiwitan perawatan sing tepat, lan tindak lanjut sing cocog. Perawatan keratitis bakteri sing dipikolehi masyarakat umume empiris; nggunakake antibakteri ophthalmic topikal spektrum sing amba biasane dianjurake. Anti-infèksi suBConjunctival bisa uga dibutuhake yen scleral nyebar utawa perforasi wis cedhak. Pewarnaan in vitro lan / utawa kultur materi kornea dituduhake kanggo perawatan keratitis sing nglibatake infiltrat kornea sing tengah, gedhe, lan ngluwihi stroma tengah nganti jero utawa nalika keratitis kronis utawa ora responsif marang anti-infektif topikal spektrum sing amba.
Infeksi Otik Bakteri
Pengobatan topikal otitis eksterna sing disebabake dening S. aureus, EscheriChia coli, utawa Ps. aeruginosa.
Pengobatan topikal otitis media akut sing disebabake dening S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, MoraxElla catarrhalis, utawa Ps. aeruginosa ing pasien karo tabung tympanostomy.
Pengobatan topikal otitis media supuratif kronis sing disebabake dening S. aureus, P. mirabilis, utawa Ps. aeruginosa ing pasien kanthi membran timpani perforasi.
Otitis eksterna akut sing nyebar lan ora rumit ing pasien sing sehat biasane diobati kanthi terapi topikal (contone, anti-infektif otik utawa antiseptik kanthi utawa tanpa kortikosteroid otik). Tambahan karo terapi anti-infektif sistemik yen pasien duwe kondisi medis sing bisa ngrusak pertahanan host (umpamane, diabetes mellitus, infeksi HIV) utawa yen infeksi wis nyebar menyang pinna utawa kulit gulu utawa pasuryan, utawa menyang jaringan sing luwih jero kayata kedadeyan karo otitis eksterna maligna. Otitis externa ganas minangka infeksi invasif, sing bisa ngancam nyawa, utamane ing pasien immunocompromised, lan mbutuhake diagnosis cepet lan perawatan jangka panjang kanthi anti-infèksi sistemik.
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- Varenicline (Systemic)
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- Zaleplon
- Zirconium Cyclosilicate
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- 5-hydroxytryptophan, melatonin, and pyridoxine
Carane nggunakake Ofloxacin (EENT)
Administrasi
Administrasi Oftalmik
Olesake solusi ophthalmic 0,3% ing mripat.
Mung kanggo panggunaan ophthalmic topikal; aja nyuntikake subconjunctivaly utawa langsung menyang kamar anterior mripat.
Supaya ujung aplikator ora kena kontaminasi karo materi saka mripat, driji, utawa sumber liyane.
Administrasi Otik
Lebokake solusi otic 0,3% sacara topikal menyang saluran kuping.
Mung kanggo panggunaan otik topikal; ora kanggo panggunaan ophthalmic utawa injeksi.
Kanggo ngindhari pusing sing bisa nyebabake nyedhot preparat kadhemen menyang kuping, wadhah sing anget saka larutan otik ing tangan 1-2 menit sadurunge digunakake.
Ngapusi kanthi kuping sing kena pengaruh munggah. Lebokake jumlah solusi otic sing cocog menyang kuping; njaga posisi 5 menit kanggo nggampangake penetrasi tetes menyang saluran kuping. Nalika ngobati otitis media akut utawa otitis media supuratif kronis, pompa tragus kaping 4 kanthi nyurung mlebu kanggo nggampangake penetrasi menyang kuping tengah. Baleni prosedur kanggo kuping ngelawan yen perlu.
Aja nganti kontaminasi tip aplikator nganggo bahan saka driji utawa sumber liyane.
Dosis
Pasien Anak
Bakteri Ophthalmic Infèksi Conjunctivitis OphthalmicOfloxacin 0,3% (solusi ophthalmic) ing pasien pediatrik ≥1 taun: Ing dina 1 lan 2, instill 1 utawa 2 tetes ing mripat sing kena pengaruh saben 2-4 jam; ing dina 3 nganti 7, instill 1 utawa 2 irungnya 4 kaping dina.
Durasi biasa perawatan anti-infèksi topikal kanggo konjungtivitis bakteri yaiku 5-10 dina; sawetara ahli nyatakake 5-7 dina biasane cukup kanggo konjungtivitis bakteri entheng.
Keratitis OphthalmicOfloxacin 0,3% (solusi ophthalmic) ing pasien pediatrik ≥1 taun: Ing dina 1 lan 2, intake 1 utawa 2 tetes ing mripat sing kena pengaruh saben 30 menit nalika tangi lan 4 lan 6 jam sawise pensiun. Ing dina 3 nganti 7 utawa 9, nyelehake 1 utawa 2 tetes saben jam nalika tangi; banjur instill 1 utawa 2 tetes kaping 4 saben dina nganti rampung perawatan.
Sawetara ahli nyaranake kanggo ngevaluasi maneh lan ngowahi regimen awal yen keratitis durung pulih utawa stabil sajrone 48 jam sawise miwiti perawatan.
Infeksi Otik Bakteri Otitis Externa OticOfloxacin 0,3% (solusi otik) ing pasien bocah umur 6 sasi nganti 13 taun: Tetesake 5 tetes menyang kuping sing kena pengaruh sapisan dina suwene 7 dina.
Ofloxacin 0,3% (solusi otik) ing bocah-bocah umur ≥13 taun: Tetesake 10 tetes menyang kuping sing kena pengaruh sapisan dina suwene 7 dina.
Durasi optimal perawatan topikal otitis eksterna akut ora ditemtokake, nanging biasane dianjurake 7-10 dina. Pangobatan sing cocog kudu nambah gejala (otalgia, gatal, kepenuhan) sajrone 48-72 jam, sanajan resolusi gejala bisa nganti 2 minggu. Yen ora ana perbaikan sawise 1 minggu perawatan, pabrikan nyatakake nggunakake budaya kanggo nuntun perawatan luwih lanjut. (Deleng Pancegahan sing Gegandhengan karo Administrasi Otik ing Caution.)
Otitis Media Otis AkutOfloxacin 0,3% (solusi otik) ing pasien pediatrik 1-12 taun karo tabung tympanostomy: Tetesake 5 tetes menyang kuping sing kena pengaruh. ) kaping pindho saben dina suwene 10 dina.
Otitis Media Otitis Supuratif KronisOfloxacin 0,3% (solusi otik) ing bocah-bocah ≥12 taun kanthi membran timpani perforasi: Tetesake 10 tetes menyang kuping sing kena pengaruh kaping pindho saben dina kanggo 14 dina.
Dewasa
Infeksi Ophthalmic Bakteri Konjungtivitis OftalmikOfloxacin 0,3% (solusi ophthalmic): Ing dina 1 lan 2, intake 1 utawa 2 tetes ing mripat sing kena pengaruh saben 2 - 4 jam; ing dina 3 nganti 7, instill 1 utawa 2 irungnya 4 kaping dina.
Durasi biasa perawatan anti-infèksi topikal kanggo konjungtivitis bakteri yaiku 5-10 dina; sawetara ahli nyatakake 5-7 dina biasane cukup kanggo konjungtivitis bakteri entheng.
Keratitis OphthalmicOfloxacin 0,3% (solusi ophthalmic): Ing dina 1 lan 2, intake 1 utawa 2 tetes ing mripat sing kena pengaruh saben 30 menit lan ing 4 lan 6 jam sawise pensiun. Ing dina 3 nganti 7 utawa 9, nyelehake 1 utawa 2 tetes saben jam nalika tangi; banjur instill 1 utawa 2 tetes kaping 4 saben dina nganti rampung perawatan.
Sawetara ahli nyaranake kanggo ngevaluasi maneh lan ngowahi regimen awal yen keratitis durung pulih utawa stabil sajrone 48 jam sawise wiwitan perawatan.
Infeksi Otik Bakteri Otitis Externa OticOfloxacin 0,3% (solusi otik): Pasang 10 tetes menyang kuping sing kena pengaruh sapisan dina suwene 7 dina.
Durasi optimal perawatan topikal otitis eksterna akut ora ditemtokake, nanging biasane dianjurake 7-10 dina. Pangobatan sing cocog kudu nambah gejala (otalgia, gatal, kepenuhan) sajrone 48-72 jam, sanajan resolusi gejala bisa nganti 2 minggu. Yen ora ana perbaikan sawise 1 minggu perawatan, pabrikan nyatakake nggunakake budaya kanggo nuntun perawatan luwih lanjut. (Deleng Pancegahan sing Gegandhengan karo Administrasi Otik ing Ngawasi.)
Otitis Media Otitis Supuratif KronisOfloxacin 0,3% (solusi otik) ing wong diwasa kanthi membran timpani perforasi: Tetesake 10 tetes menyang kuping sing kena pengaruh kaping pindho saben dina kanggo 14 dina.
Pènget
Kontraindikasi
Pènget / PancegahanReaksi Sensitivitas
Hipersensitivitas
Reaksi hipersensitivitas serius lan sok-sok fatal kacarita arang banget ing pasien sing nampa kuinolon sistemik, kalebu ofloxacin sistemik; reaksi iki wis dumadi karo dosis sistemik dhisikan.
Sindrom Stevens-Johnson sing berkembang dadi nekrosis epidermis beracun kacarita ing paling ora siji pasien sing nampa solusi ophthalmic ofloxacin topikal.
Enggal-enggal mandhegake persiapan ophthalmic utawa otic ofloxacin ing tandha pisanan ruam utawa reaksi alergi.
Reaksi hipersensitivitas akut sing serius mbutuhake perawatan darurat langsung; ngatur oksigen lan manajemen saluran napas kaya sing dituduhake sacara klinis.
Superinfeksi
Panganggone sing suwe bisa nyebabake kakehan organisme sing ora rentan, kalebu jamur.
Yen ana superinfeksi, mandhegake persiapan ophthalmic utawa otic loxacin lan instal terapi sing cocog.
Pancegahan sing Gegandhengan karo Administrasi Ophthalmic
Yen ana keputusan klinis, priksa pasien kanthi bantuan pembesaran (umpamane, biomikroskopi lampu celah) lan, yen cocog, pewarnaan fluorescein.
Pancegahan sing Gegandhengan karo Administrasi Otik
Yen infeksi otic ora saya apik sawise perawatan 1 minggu, entuk kultur kanggo nuntun perawatan.
Yen otorrhea tetep sawise terapi rampung utawa yen ≥2 episode otorrhea dumadi ing 6 sasi, evaluasi luwih lanjut kanggo ngilangi kondisi sing ndasari (contone, kolesteatoma, benda asing, tumor).
Populasi Tertentu
KandhutanData ora kasedhiya babagan panggunaan ofloxacin ophthalmic utawa solusi otic ing wanita ngandhut; nggunakake mung yen keuntungan potensial kanggo wong wadon mbecikake potensial resiko kanggo jabang bayi.
LaktasiOra dingerteni manawa disebarake menyang susu sawise aplikasi topikal ing mripat utawa kuping; Disebarake menyang susu sawise administrasi sistemik.
Mungkasi nyusoni utawa obat kasebut, kanthi nganggep pentinge obat kasebut kanggo wong wadon.
Panggunaan PediatrikSolusi Ophthalmic: Keamanan lan khasiat ora ditetepake ing bocah-bocah <1 taun.
Solusi otic: Keamanan lan khasiat kanggo perawatan otitis eksterna ora ditetepake ing bocah-bocah <6 sasi. Sanajan data ora kasedhiya babagan panggunaan ing pasien umur <6 sasi, pabrikan nyatakake ora ana masalah safety utawa bedane proses penyakit ing bocah-bocah ing klompok umur iki sing bakal nyegah panggunaan ing populasi iki.
Solusi otic : Keamanan lan khasiat kanggo perawatan otitis media akut sing durung ditetepake ing bocah-bocah <1 taun Keamanan lan khasiat kanggo perawatan otitis media supuratif kronis sing ora ditetepake ing bocah-bocah <12 taun.
Ora ana owah-owahan ing pangrungu. fungsi diamati ing evaluasi audiometri ing nomer winates saka bocah-bocah sing diobati karo solusi otic.
Geriatric UseSolusi ophthalmic: Ora ana beda sakabèhé ing safety utawa efficacy relatif kanggo wong diwasa enom.
Efek Umum sing Sabar
Pemberian ophthalmic: kobong utawa rasa ora nyaman okular sementara, rasa nyeri, abang, pruritus, konjungtivitis/keratitis kimia, sensasi benda asing, penglihatan kabur, edema okular/periokular/wajah, mripat nyeri, fotofobia, sobek, kekeringan.
Administrasi otik: Reaksi situs aplikasi, nyeri kuping, tinnitus, gangguan pangrungu sementara, otitis eksterna, otitis media, otorrhagia, perversion rasa.
Apa obatan liyane bakal mengaruhi Ofloxacin (EENT)
Ora ana studi interaksi obat khusus sing nggunakake preparat ofloxacin ophthalmic utawa otic.
Amarga sawetara panyerepan sistemik bisa kedadeyan sawise aplikasi topikal ing mripat utawa kuping, nimbang kemungkinan interaksi obat kayata sing dilaporake karo sawetara kuinolon sistemik (contone, interaksi karo theophylline, kafein, antikoagulan oral, cyclosporine).
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