Pacritinib (Systemic)
Jeneng merek: Vonjo
Kelas obat:
Agen Antineoplastik
Panganggone Pacritinib (Systemic)
Mielofibrosis Resiko Menengah utawa Tinggi
Pengobatan wong diwasa kanthi risiko menengah utawa dhuwur risiko primer utawa sekunder (post-polycythemia vera utawa post-essential thrombocythemia) myelofibrosis kanthi jumlah trombosit <50.000/mm3 .
Disetujoni miturut persetujuan sing dipercepat adhedhasar proporsi pasien sing entuk pengurangan ≥35% saka garis dasar ing volume limpa; persetujuan terus bisa uga gumantung ing verifikasi lan katrangan babagan manfaat klinis ing uji coba kOnfirmasi.
Ditetepake obat yatim piatu dening FDA kanggo panggunaan iki.
Pengobatan obat Myelofibrosis adhedhasar model risiko prognostik. Observasi mung disaranake kanggo pasien resiko asimtomatik; kanggo pasien sing duwe penyakit sing luwih berisiko, transplantasi sel induk hematopoietik allogeneic (ASCT) minangka perawatan sing disenengi. Ing pasien sing dudu calon transplantasi, inhibitor JAK (yaiku, ruxolitinib, Pacritinib, Fedratinib) bisa digunakake kanggo nyedhiyakake manajemen adhedhasar gejala lan ningkatake kualitas urip.
Inhibitor JAK pisanan sing disetujoni kanggo myelofibrosis (contone, ruxolitinib, feratinib) digandhengake karo risiko keracunan hematologis sing signifikan. Pacritinib minangka pilihan terapi tambahan kanggo pasien kanthi myelofibrosis gejala sing duwe trombositopenia abot. Indikasi khusus lan profil keracunan saka inhibitor JAK2 sing saiki kasedhiya beda-beda; perawatan kudu individualized.
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Carane nggunakake Pacritinib (Systemic)
Umum
Skrining Pretreatment
Monitoring Pasien
Pertimbangan Umum Liyane
Administrasi
Oral Administration
Administrasi oral; njupuk nganggo utawa tanpa panganan.
Nguntal wutuh; Aja mbukak, ngrusak, utawa ngunyah kapsul.
Yen dosis ora kejawab, dosis kasebut kudu dijupuk ing wektu sing wis dijadwal sabanjure. Aja njupuk dosis tambahan.
Dosis
Kasedhiya minangka pacritinib citrate; dosis ditulis ing syarat-syarat pacritinib.
Dewasa
Menengah utawa High-Risk Myelofibrosis Oral200 mg kaping pindho saben dina.
Modifikasi Dosis kanggo Toksisitas LisanYen ana reaksi salabetipun nalika terapi pacritinib, interupsi sauntara terapi, nyuda dosis, lan/utawa mandhegake obat kasebut bisa uga dibutuhake. Yen perlu ngurangi dosis, dosis pacritinib kudu dikurangi kaya sing diterangake ing Tabel 1.
Tabel 1: Pengurangan Dosis sing Disaranake kanggo Toksisitas Pacritinib.1Tingkat Pengurangan Dosis
Pengurangan Dosis sawise Recovery saka Toksisitas (Dosis Awal = 200 mg kaping pindho saben dina)
Kaping pisanan
100 mg kaping pindho saben dina
Kapindho
100 mg sapisan dina
Katelu
Nyetop obat
Tabel ing ngisor iki nuduhake modifikasi dosis sing disaranake (yaiku, gangguan sementara terapi, nyuda dosis, mandheg terapi) kanggo efek ala tartamtu miturut keruwetan. .
Tabel 2. Modifikasi Dosis kanggo Toksisitas Pacritinib.1Reaksi lan Keparahan Adverse
Modifikasi
Diare
Onset anyar: Mulai anti - obat diare; nyengkuyung hidrasi oral sing nyukupi
Kelas 3 utawa 4: Tahan terapi nganti diare mundhak dadi kelas 1 utawa luwih murah; diterusake ing dosis pungkasan sing diwenehake. Intensif obat antidiare lan ganti cairan. Yen diare kambuh, nolak terapi nganti resolusi kelas 1 utawa ngisor utawa awal; nerusake terapi kanthi 50% saka dosis pungkasan yen keracunan wis rampung. Pangobatan antidiare sing bebarengan dibutuhake kanggo pasien sing nerusake obat.
Thrombocytopenia
Trombositopenia sing sacara klinis saya tambah parah sing luwih saka 7 dina: Nolak terapi nganti trombositopenia rampung; nerusake ing 50% saka dosis pungkasan. Yen keracunan kambuh, nolak terapi nganti trombositopenia rampung; diterusake kanthi 50% saka dosis pungkasan.
Pendarahan
Pendarahan sedang; intervensi sing dituduhake: Tahan terapi nganti getihen rampung; diterusake kanthi dosis sing padha. Yen pendarahan kambuh, nolak terapi nganti getihen rampung; diterusake kanthi 50% saka dosis pungkasan
Pendarahan sing abot; transfusi, intervensi invasif, utawa rawat inap dituduhake: Tahan terapi nganti getihen rampung; nerusake ing 50% saka dosis pungkasan. Yen getihen kambuh, mungkasi terapi.
Perdarahan sing ngancam nyawa; intervensi urgent dituduhake: Mungkasi terapi.
Interval QT sing Berpanjangan
Prolongation QTc >500 msec utawa > 60 msec saka baseline: Terapi ditahan. Yen prolongation QTc mutusake nganti ≤480 msec utawa garis dasar sajrone 1 minggu, diterusake kanthi dosis sing padha; Yen wektu kanggo resolusi > 1 minggu, nerusake terapi kanthi dosis suda.
Populasi Khusus
Gangguan Hepatik
Ora ana rekomendasi dosis khusus kanggo pasien sing duwe gangguan hepatik. .
Pasien karo Child-Pugh kelas B: Aja nggunakake.
Pasien karo Child-Pugh kelas C: Aja nggunakake.
Genal Gagal
Ora ana rekomendasi dosis khusus kanggo pasien sing duwe gangguan ginjel.
Pasien karo eGFR (MDRD) <30 mL/menit: Aja nggunakake.
Panganggone Geriatrik
Ora ana rekomendasi dosis khusus kanggo pasien geriatrik.
Pènget
Kontraindikasi
Pènget/PanandhapPendarahan
Pendarahan serius lan fatal sing dilapurake ing pasien kanthi jumlah trombosit <100.000/mm3.
Panyurangan dosis, interupsi, utawa mandhek permanen bisa uga dibutuhake.
Aja nggunakake ing pasien kanthi pendarahan aktif.
Tahan 7 dina sadurunge operasi utawa operasi sing direncanakake. prosedur invasif.
Assess platelet counts periodik, minangka klinis dituduhake.
Ngatur pendarahan nggunakake interupsi perawatan lan intervensi medis.
Diare
Diare kerep kedadeyan; Wektu rata-rata kanggo resolusi yaiku 2 minggu. Kedadean sudo liwat wektu; interupsi perawatan bisa uga dibutuhake.
Kontrol diare sing wis ana sadurunge miwiti perawatan. Atur kanthi obat antidiare, panggantos cairan, lan modifikasi dosis.
Obati kanthi obat antidiare kanthi cepet nalika gejala pisanan muncul. Ngganggu utawa nyuda dosis ing pasien sing nandhang diare sing signifikan sanajan perawatan dhukungan sing optimal.
Trombositopenia
Trombositopenia sing tambah parah dilaporake. Interupsi pacritinib lan nyuda dosis bisa uga dibutuhake.
Pantau jumlah trombosit sadurunge perawatan lan kaya sing dituduhake sacara klinis sajrone perawatan.
Interrupt pacritinib ing pasien sing ngalami trombositopenia sing luwih parah sacara klinis sing tahan kanggo > 7 dina. Sawise keracunan wis rampung, miwiti maneh ing 50% saka dosis pungkasan sing diwenehake.
Yen keracunan kambuh, tahan pacritinib; nerusake obat kasebut kanthi 50% saka dosis pungkasan sing diwenehake yen keracunan wis rampung.
Interval QT sing luwih dawa
Bisa nyebabake interval QTc sing luwih dawa. Prolongation QTc saka> 500 msec utawa mundhak saka awal kanthi ≥60 msec luwih dhuwur ing pasien sing diobati pacritinib tinimbang pasien ing grup kontrol.
Reaksi sing ora becik sing ana hubungane karo prolongation QTc dilaporake; ora ana kasus torsades de pointes sing dilapurake.
Aja nggunakake ing pasien kanthi QTc awal >480 msec. Aja nggunakake obat-obatan bebarengan kanthi potensial kanggo prolongasi QTc.
Mbenerake hipokalemia sadurunge lan sajrone perawatan. Atur pemanjangan QTc kanthi gangguan dosis lan manajemen elektrolit.
Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE)
Risiko tambah gedhe saka acara kardiovaskuler utama (MACE), kalebu pati kardiovaskular, MI, lan stroke, dilapurake ing pasien sing nampa inhibitor JAK liyane kanggo perawatan rheumatoid arthritis .
Pertimbangake risiko lan mupangat pacritinib sadurunge miwiti utawa nerusake terapi, utamane ing pasien sing saiki utawa perokok kepungkur lan sing duwe faktor risiko kardiovaskular liyane. Anjurake pasien supaya langsung njaluk bantuan medis yen ana gejala penyakit kardiovaskular sing serius.
Kedadeyan Thromboembolic
Kedadeyan tromboembolik sing serius lan kadhangkala fatal, kalebu DVT, PE, lan trombosis arteri ing ekstremitas, dilapurake ing pasien sing nampa inhibitor JAK liyane kanggo perawatan rheumatoid arthritis.
Evaluasi lan nambani pasien sing ngalami gejala trombosis sajrone perawatan karo pacritinib.
Keganasan Sekunder
Inhibitor JAK liyane nambah risiko limfoma lan ganas liyane, ora kalebu kanker kulit non-melanoma (NMSC), ing pasien karo rheumatoid arthritis.
Pertimbangake risiko lan keuntungan. pacritinib sadurunge miwiti terapi utawa nalika nimbang arep nerusake pacritinib, utamane ing pasien sing duwe ganas sing wis dikenal (saliyane NMSC sing kasil diobati), ing wong sing ngalami ganas, lan sing ngrokok saiki utawa sing kepungkur.
Risiko Infèksi
Inhibitor JAK liyane nambah risiko infèksi serius (dibandhingake karo terapi sing paling apik) ing pasien karo neoplasma myeloproliferatif.
Bakteri serius, mikobakteri, jamur, lan Infeksi virus bisa kedadeyan.
Rampungake infeksi serius sing aktif sadurunge miwiti pacritinib. Mirsani pasien kanggo tandha lan/utawa gejala infeksi lan langsung miwiti perawatan sing cocog.
Gunakake pengawasan aktif lan antibiotik profilaksis miturut pedoman klinis.
Interaksi karo Inhibitor utawa Inducers CYP3A4
Penggunaan bebarengan karo inhibitor CYP3A4 kuwat utawa inducers contraindicated.
Aja nggunakake bebarengan karo inhibitor CYP3A4 moderat utawa inducers.
Populasi Spesifik
KandhutanPanaliten kewan nuduhake keracunan ibu lan mundhut embrio lan janin kanthi dosis sing luwih murah tinimbang dosis manungsa sing disaranake.
Ora ana data manungsa sing kasedhiya kanggo ngevaluasi obat- risiko cacat lair utama, keguguran, utawa asil ibu utawa jabang bayi sing ora becik sing ana hubungane karo panggunaan pacritinib.
Pituturake wanita ngandhut babagan risiko potensial kanggo janin. Coba manfaat lan risiko pacritinib kanggo ibu lan kemungkinan risiko kanggo janin nalika menehi resep pacritinib kanggo wanita ngandhut.
LaktasiOra ana data babagan anané pacritinib ing susu manungsa utawa kewan, efek ing ASI. anak, utawa efek ing produksi susu.
Wong wadon ora kudu nyusoni nalika nampa obat kasebut, lan paling ora 2 minggu sawise dosis pungkasan.
Wanita lan Lanang Potensi ReproduksiNgurangi kawin lanang lan kesuburan ing tikus. Pacritinib bisa ngrusak kesuburan lanang ing manungsa.
Panggunaan PediatrikKaamanan lan khasiat durung ditetepake.
Panggunaan GeriatrikPengalaman ing pasien umur ≥65 taun ora cukup kanggo nemtokake manawa pasien geriatrik nanggapi kanthi beda tinimbang individu sing luwih enom.
Gangguan HepatikEnteng (kelas Anak-Pugh A): AUC mudhun 8,5%.
Sedheng (kelas Anak-Pugh B): AUC mudhun 36%. Aja nggunakake.
Gagal ati sing abot (Child-Pugh kelas C): AUC suda 45%. Aja nggunakake.
Gagal ginjeleGFR 15 nganti 29 mL / menit: Konsentrasi plasma puncak lan AUC pacritinib mundhak kira-kira 30%. Aja nggunakake.
eGFR <15 mL/menit ing hemodialisis: Konsentrasi plasma puncak lan AUC pacritinib mundhak kira-kira 30%. Aja nggunakake.
Efek sing ora umum sing umum
Efek sing ora becik (≥20%): Diare, trombositopenia, mual, anemia, edema perifer.
Apa obatan liyane bakal mengaruhi Pacritinib (Systemic)
Metabolisme utamane dening CYP3A4.
Pacritinib nyegah CYP1A2, 2C19 lan 3A4 lan luwih sithik CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, lan 2D6.
Pacritinib minangka inducer saka CYP1A2 lan 3A4.
Pacritinib dudu substrat protein tahan kanker payudara (BCRP), protein terkait resistensi multidrug (MRP) 2, transporter anion organik (OAT) 1 lan 3, polipeptida pengangkut anion organik (OATP) 1B1 lan 1B3, transporter kation organik (OCT) 1 lan 2, utawa P-glikoprotein (P-gp).
Pacritinib minangka inhibitor BCRP, OCT1, OCT2, lan P-gp, nanging ora inhibitor pompa ekspor uyah empedu (BSEP), MRP2, OAT1, utawa OAT3.
Obat sing Ngaruhi Enzim Mikrosomal Hepatik
Inhibitor CYP3A4 sing kuat: Interaksi farmakokinetik (tambah konsentrasi plasma puncak pacritinib lan AUC ). Panggunaan bebarengan dikontraindikasi.
Inhibitor CYP3A4 moderat: Interaksi farmakokinetik ora diteliti. Nyingkiri.
Inducer CYP3A4 sing kuat: Interaksi farmakokinetik (mudhun konsentrasi plasma puncak pacritinib lan AUC). Panggunaan bebarengan dikontraindikasi.
Induser CYP3A4 moderat: Interaksi farmakokinetik ora diteliti. Nyingkiri.
Obat sing dimetabolisme dening Enzim Mikrosomal Hepatik
substrat CYP1A2: Interaksi farmakokinetik (konsentrasi plasma substrat mundhak). Nyingkiri co-administrasi.
Substrat CYP 3A4: Interaksi farmakokinetik (konsentrasi plasma substrat tambah). Ngindhari administrasi bebarengan.
Obat sing kena pengaruh utawa kena pengaruh Sistem Transportasi
Substrat P-gp: Interaksi farmakokinetik (konsentrasi plasma substrat mundhak). Nyegah administrasi bebarengan.
Substrat BCRP: Interaksi farmakokinetik (konsentrasi plasma substrat mundhak). Ngindhari administrasi bebarengan.
Substrat OCT1: Interaksi farmakokinetik (konsentrasi plasma substrat mundhak). Ngindhari co-administrasi.
Obat sing Gegandhengan karo Perpanjangan QT
Ngindhari co-administrasi obat-obatan kanthi potensial signifikan kanggo prolongasi QTc karo pacritinib.
Obat lan Panganan Spesifik
Obat
Interaksi
Komentar
Clarithromycin
Nambah konsentrasi plasma puncak (nganti 30%) lan AUC (dening 80%)
Kontraindikasi. Aja nggunakake bebarengan
Rifampin
Konsentrasi plasma puncak suda (51%) lan AUC (87%)
Kontraindikasi. Aja nggunakake bebarengan
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