Tobramycin (EENT)
Jeneng merek: Tobrex
Kelas obat:
Agen Antineoplastik
Panganggone Tobramycin (EENT)
Infeksi Ophthalmic Bakteri
Pengobatan topikal saka infèksi dangkal mripat sing disebabake dening bakteri sing rentan.
Konjungtivitis bakteri sing entheng lan akut kerep ilang kanthi spontan tanpa perawatan anti-infèksi. Senajan anti-infèksi ophthalmic topikal bisa nyepetake wektu kanggo resolusi lan nyuda keruwetan lan risiko komplikasi, supaya ora nggunakake anti-infèksi topikal kanthi sembarangan. Perawatan konjungtivitis bakteri akut umume empiris; nggunakake antibakteri ophthalmic topikal spektrum sing amba biasane dianjurake. Pewarnaan in vitro lan / utawa kultur bahan konjungtiva bisa dituduhake ing perawatan konjungtivitis purulen sing berulang, abot, utawa kronis utawa nalika konjungtivitis akut ora nanggapi perawatan topikal empiris awal.
Amarga keratitis bakteri bisa digandhengake karo mundhut sesanti sabanjure minangka akibat saka jaringan parut kornea utawa irregularities topografi lan amarga keratitis bakteri sing ora diobati utawa abot bisa nyebabake perforasi kornea kanthi potensial kanggo endophthalmitis lan bisa ilang mripat, Manajemen optimal kalebu evaluasi lan diagnosa kanthi cepet, wiwitan perawatan sing tepat, lan tindak lanjut sing cocog. Perawatan keratitis bakteri sing dipikolehi masyarakat umume empiris; nggunakake antibakteri ophthalmic topikal spektrum sing amba biasane dianjurake. Anti-infèksi suBConjunctival bisa uga dibutuhake yen scleral nyebar utawa perforasi wis cedhak. Pewarnaan in vitro lan / utawa kultur materi kornea dituduhake ing manajemen keratitis sing nglibatake infiltrat kornea sing tengah, gedhe, lan ngluwihi stroma tengah nganti jero; nalika keratitis kronis utawa ora responsif kanggo anti-infèksi topikal spektrum sing amba; utawa nalika fitur atipikal nuduhake infeksi jamur, amebik, utawa mikobakteri.
Inflamasi Okular
Persediaan ophthalmic kombinasi tetep sing ngandhut tobramycin lan kortikosteroid (yaiku, deksametason utawa loteprednol etabonate): Perawatan topikal kondisi okular sing responsif kortikosteroid nalika kortikosteroid dituduhake lan risiko infeksi okular bakteri superfisial. saka infèksi kuwi ana.
Sanajan pabrikan nyatakake yen nggunakake preparat ophthalmic kombinasi tetep sing ngemot anti-infektif lan kortikosteroid bisa uga dituduhake ing kondisi inflamasi okular nalika risiko infeksi okular superfisial dhuwur utawa nalika jumlah bakteri sing mbebayani. Dikarepake ana ing mripat, para ahli nyatakake supaya ora nggunakake preparat kasebut ing pasien karo konjungtivitis bakteri amarga bisa nyebabake infèksi. kortikosteroid bisa nutupi pratandha klinis infeksi bakteri, jamur, utawa virus; nyegah pangenalan ineffectiveness saka anti-infèksi; lan / utawa nambah IOP. (Deleng Panganggone Kombinasi Tetap sing Ngandhut Kortikosteroid miturut Ati-ati.)
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Carane nggunakake Tobramycin (EENT)
Administrasi
Administrasi Oftalmik
Olesake salep ophthalmic tobramycin utawa solusi topikal menyang mripat.
Olesake salep ophthalmic kombinasi tetep utawa suspensi sing ngandhut tobramycin lan kortikosteroid (yaiku, dexamethasone utawa loteprednol) ing mripat.
Mung kanggo panggunaan ophthalmic topikal; ora nyuntikake langsung menyang mripat.
Supaya tip wadhah sing kontaminasi karo materi saka sumber apa wae.
Goyang suspensi ophthalmic kombinasi tetep sadurunge digunakake.
Dosis
Pasien Anak
Infeksi Ophthalmic Bakteri OphthalmicTobramycin 0,3% (salep ophthalmic) ing bocah-bocah umur ≥2 sasi: Aplikasi kira-kira 1,25-cm (½). -inci) pita ing mripat sing kena pengaruh 2 utawa 3 kaping saben dina. Kanggo infèksi abot, aplikasi ing mripat sing kena pengaruh saben 3-4 jam ing wiwitan.
Tobramycin 0,3% (solusi ophthalmic) ing bocah-bocah umur ≥2 sasi: Tetesake 1 utawa 2 tetes menyang mripat sing kena pengaruh. ) saben 4 jam. Kanggo infèksi sing abot, nyemprotake 2 tetes menyang mripat sing kena pengaruh saben jam ing wiwitan.
Yen ana perbaikan, dosis lancip kanthi nyuda frekuensi nganti obat mandheg.
Durasi biasa perawatan anti-infèksi topikal kanggo konjungtivitis bakteri yaiku 5-10 dina; 5-7 dina biasane cukup kanggo konjungtivitis bakteri entheng.
Radang Okular OphthalmicTobramycin 0,3% lan deksametason 0,1% (salep ophthalmic) ing bocah-bocah umur ≥2 taun: Aplikasi kira-kira 1,25-cm (½ inci) pita menyang kantong conjunctival saka mripat sing kena pengaruh nganti 3 utawa 4 kaping saben dina.
Tobramycin 0,3% lan dexamethasone 0,05% (suspensi ophthalmic) ing bocah-bocah ≥2 taun: Tetesake 1 utawa 2 tetes menyang mripat sing kena pengaruh saben 4-6 jam. Sajrone 24-48 jam wiwitan, 1 utawa 2 tetes bisa ditrapake saben 2 jam yen perlu.
Tobramycin 0,3% lan dexamethasone 0,1% (suspensi ophthalmic) ing bocah-bocah umur ≥2 taun: Instill 1 utawa 2 taun. netes menyang mripat sing kena pengaruh saben 4-6 jam. Sajrone 24-48 jam wiwitan, 1 utawa 2 tetes bisa diselehake saben 2 jam yen perlu.
Yen ora ana perbaikan sawise 2 dina, evaluasi maneh pasien. Yen ana perbaikan, dosis taper kanthi nyuda frekuensi nganti obat kasebut mandheg. Aja mandheg prematur.
Dewasa
Infèksi Ophthalmic Bakteri OphthalmicTobramycin 0,3% (salep ophthalmic): Aplikasi pita kira-kira 1,25-cm (½ inci) menyang mripat sing kena pengaruh 2 utawa 3 kaping saben dina. Kanggo infèksi abot, aplikasi ing mripat sing kena pengaruh saben 3-4 jam ing wiwitan.
Tobramycin 0,3% (solusi ophthalmic): Tetesake 1 utawa 2 tetes menyang mripat sing kena pengaruh saben 4 jam. Kanggo infèksi sing abot, nyemprotake 2 tetes menyang mripat sing kena pengaruh saben jam ing wiwitan.
Yen ana perbaikan, dosis lancip kanthi nyuda frekuensi nganti obat mandheg.
Durasi biasa perawatan anti-infèksi topikal kanggo konjungtivitis bakteri yaiku 5-10 dina; 5-7 dina biasane cukup kanggo konjungtivitis bakteri entheng.
Radang Okular OphthalmicTobramycin 0,3% lan deksametason 0,1% (salep ophthalmic): Lebokake pita kira-kira 1,25 cm (½ inci) menyang kantong konjungtiva sing kena pengaruh. (s) nganti 3 utawa 4 kaping saben dina.
Tobramycin 0,3% lan deksametason 0,05% (suspensi ophthalmic): Pasang 1 utawa 2 tetes menyang mripat sing kena pengaruh saben 4-6 jam. Sajrone 24-48 jam wiwitan, 1 utawa 2 tetes bisa ditetesake saben 2 jam yen perlu.
Tobramycin 0,3% lan deksametason 0,1% (suspensi ophthalmic): Lebokake 1 utawa 2 tetes menyang kantung konjungtiva mata sing kena pengaruh. (s) saben 4-6 jam. Sajrone 24-48 jam wiwitan, 1 utawa 2 tetes bisa diselehake saben 2 jam yen perlu.
Tobramycin 0,3% lan loteprednol etabonate 0,5% (suspensi ophthalmic): Lebokake 1 utawa 2 tetes menyang kantung konjungtiva mata sing kena pengaruh saben 4-6 jam. Sajrone 24-48 jam wiwitan, 1 utawa 2 tetes bisa diselehake saben 1-2 jam yen perlu.
Yen ora ana perbaikan sawise 2 dina, evaluasi maneh pasien. Yen ana perbaikan, dosis taper kanthi nyuda frekuensi nganti obat kasebut mandheg. Aja mandheg prematur.
Pènget
Kontraindikasi
Pènget/PanandhapReaksi Sensitivitas
Hipersensitivitas
Hipersensitivitas dilapurake. Sensitisasi kanggo tobramycin bisa uga amarga aplikasi topikal.
Alergenisitas silang dumadi ing antarane aminoglikosida.
Yen ana reaksi sensitivitas, langsung mandheg lan miwiti terapi sing cocog.
Superinfeksi
Panganggone sing suwe bisa nyebabake kakehan organisme sing ora rentan, kalebu jamur.
Yen ana superinfeksi, mandhegake obat kasebut lan tindakake terapi sing cocog.
Pancegahan sing Gegandhengan karo Administrasi Ophthalmic
Yen tobramycin diterbitake topikal bebarengan karo terapi aminoglikosida sistemik, monitor konsentrasi aminoglikosida serum.
Produsen ngati-ati yen salep ophthalmic bisa nundha penyembuhan kornea.
Aja nganggo lensa kontak nalika perawatan utawa yen ana pratandha utawa gejala infeksi okular bakteri.
Panganggone Kombinasi Tetep sing Ngandhut Kortikosteroid
Yen preparat ophthalmic ngemot tobramycin ing kombinasi tetep karo kortikosteroid (yaiku, dexamethasone utawa loteprednol) digunakake, nimbang ati-ati, pancegahan, lan kontraindikasi sing ana gandhengane karo kortikosteroid EENT.
Nyedhiyakake resep awal kanggo preparat ophthalmic kombinasi tetep sing ngemot kortikosteroid utawa resep pembaharuan (luwih saka 8 g salep mata utawa luwih saka 20 ml larutan ophthalmic) mung sawise mriksa pasien kanthi mikroskop lampu irisan lan, yen cocog, pewarnaan fluorescein.
Panggunaan preparat ophthalmic kombinasi tetep sing ngemot kortikosteroid bisa nyebabake glaukoma, kanthi karusakan saraf optik, cacat ing ketajaman visual lan bidang penglihatan, lan pembentukan katarak subkapsular posterior. Yen persiapan kasebut digunakake sajrone ≥10 dina, monitor IOP kanthi rutin, sanajan iki angel kanggo bocah-bocah lan pasien sing ora kooperatif. Gunakake kombinasi tetep sing ngemot kortikosteroid kanthi ati-ati ing pasien glaukoma; rutin mriksa IOP ing pasien kasebut.
Panganggone preparat ophthalmic kombinasi tetep sing ngemot kortikosteroid sawise operasi katarak bisa nundha penyembuhan lan nambah insiden pembentukan bleb.
Panganggone kortikosteroid topikal ing pasien kanthi jaringan kornea lan scleral tipis bisa nyebabake perforasi.
Penggunaan preparat ophthalmic kombinasi tetep sing ngemot kortikosteroid bisa nyuda respon host lan nambah risiko infeksi okular sekunder. Gunakake ing pasien kanthi kondisi purulen akut ing mripat bisa nutupi infeksi utawa nambah infeksi sing ana.
Bisa ndawakake kursus lan nambah keruwetan akeh infeksi virus ing mripat (kalebu herpes simplex). Gunakake kanthi ati-ati banget ing pasien karo herpes simplex.
Coba kemungkinan infèksi jamur ing kornea sawise nggunakake preparat ophthalmic sing ngemot kortikosteroid kanthi suwe. Tindakake kultur jamur yen cocok.
Populasi Tertentu
KandhutanOra ana studi sing nyukupi lan dikontrol kanthi apik nggunakake preparat ophthalmic sing ngandhut tobramycin ing wanita ngandhut.
Gunakake salep ophthalmic tobramycin utawa solusi nalika meteng mung yen perlu.
Gunakake preparat ophthalmic kombinasi tetep sing ngandhut tobramycin lan kortikosteroid (yaiku, dexamethasone utawa loteprednol etabonate) nalika meteng mung yen keuntungan potensial mbenerake potensial risiko kanggo janin.
LaktasiMungkasi nyusoni utawa obat kasebut, kanthi nganggep pentinge obat kasebut kanggo wong wadon.
Produsen negara nggunakake preparat ophthalmic kombinasi tetep sing ngemot tobramycin lan kortikosteroid kanthi ati-ati ing wanita sing nyusoni.
Panggunaan PediatrikOintment ophthalmic Tobramycin utawa solusi: Keamanan lan khasiat ora ditetepake ing bocah-bocah <2 sasi.
Persediaan ophthalmic kombinasi tetep sing ngandhut tobramycin lan dexamethasone: Safety lan khasiat ora ditetepake ing bocah-bocah <2 taun.
Persediaan ophthalmic kombinasi tetep sing ngandhut tobramycin lan loteprednol etabonate: Khasiat ora ditetepake ing pasien pediatrik.
Panggunaan GeriatrikOra ana beda sakabèhé ing safety lan khasiat sing diamati ing antarane wong diwasa geriatrik lan luwih enom.
Efek Samsaya Awon
Hipersensitivitas lan keracunan okular lokal (pruritus, edema kelopak mata, eritema konjungtiva).
Disclaimer
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Ora ana bebaya kanggo kombinasi obat utawa obat sing diwenehake kanthi cara apa wae kudu ditafsirake kanggo nuduhake yen obat utawa kombinasi obat kasebut aman, efektif utawa cocok kanggo pasien tartamtu. Drugslib.com ora nanggung tanggung jawab kanggo aspek kesehatan apa wae sing ditindakake kanthi bantuan informasi sing diwenehake Drugslib.com. Informasi sing ana ing kene ora dimaksudake kanggo nyakup kabeh panggunaan, pituduh, pancegahan, bebaya, interaksi obat, reaksi alergi, utawa efek samping. Yen sampeyan duwe pitakon babagan obat sing sampeyan gunakake, takon dhokter, perawat utawa apoteker.
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