Boneset

Generic name: Eupatorium Perfoliatum L.
Brand names: Agueweed, Boneset, Crosswort, Eupatorium, Feverwort, Indian Sage, Sweating Plant, Thoroughstem, Thoroughwax, Thoroughwort, Vegetable Antimony, Wild Isaac

Usage of Boneset

Anti-inflammatory effects

Animal and in vitro data

The isolated polysaccharides and an extract of E. perfoliatum combined with other herbs stimulate phagocytic activity in vitro by a carbon particle clearance technique.(Wagner 1991, Wagner 1985)

The in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of E. perfoliatum and its extracts have been demonstrated.(Maas 2011)

Other uses

The ethanol extract of boneset leaves was shown to have modest antibacterial and cytotoxic activity.(Habtemariam 2009, Khan 2009)

In vitro activity against the influenza virus via preventing attachment to the host cell has been reported.(Derksen 2016) In addition, the in vitro antiviral action of E. perfoliatum against dengue virus infection has also been established.(Sinha 2020)

Eupafolin alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via blocking the TLR4/NF‑kappaB signaling pathway.(Chen 2020) In vitro studies have also shown that eupafolin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiomyocyte autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways by means of antiautophagy activity.(Gao 2019) In addition, the suppressive effects of eupafolin on various tumor types, including esophageal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, renal carcinoma and prostate cancer has been extensively studied in vitro.(Chen 2020)

Boneset side effects

Diarrhea and nausea have been reported with the ingestion of large doses.(Duke 2002, Khan 2009)

Before taking Boneset

Avoid use. Documented adverse effects, including cytotoxic constituents.Duke 2002, Ernst 2002

How to use Boneset

There is no recent clinical evidence to guide dosage of boneset. Traditional use was at a dose of 2 g of leaves and flowers. Internal use should be cautioned due to the occurrence of hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the plant.

Warnings

The ingestion of large amounts of teas or extracts may result in severe diarrhea. The identification of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Eupatorium species is cause for concern. This class of alkaloids is known to cause hepatic impairment after long-term ingestion. While direct evidence for a hepatotoxic effect from boneset does not exist, there is sufficient evidence to indicate that any plant containing unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids should not be ingested. Concerns associated with dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids provide a compelling reason for preclusive caution until further research can better define the toxicity and carcinogenicity of the dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid content of E. perfoliatum.(Colegate 2018) E. perfoliatum is considered a toxic plant.(Duke 2002, Khan 2009, Quattrocchi 2012)

What other drugs will affect Boneset

None well documented.

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