Glucophage

Generic name: Metformin
Drug class: Non-sulfonylureas

Usage of Glucophage

Glucophage is an oral diabetes medicine that helps control blood sugar levels.

Glucophage is used together with diet and exercise to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Glucophage is sometimes used together with insulin or other medications, but metformin is not for treating type 1 diabetes.

Glucophage side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to Glucophage: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Some people using metformin develop lactic acidosis, which can be fatal. Get emergency medical help if you have even mild symptoms such as:

unusual muscle pain;

feeling cold;

trouble breathing;

feeling dizzy, light-headed, tired, or very weak;

stomach pain, vomiting; or

slow or irregular heart rate.

Common Glucophage side effects may include:

low blood sugar;

nausea, upset stomach; or

diarrhea.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Before taking Glucophage

You should not use Glucophage if you are allergic to metformin, or if you have:

severe kidney disease; or

metabolic acidosis or diabetic ketoacidosis (call your doctor for treatment).

If you need to have surgery or any type of x-ray or CT scan using a dye that is injected into your veins, you may need to temporarily stop taking Glucophage. Be sure your caregivers know ahead of time that you are using this medication.

Tell your doctor if you have ever had:

kidney disease (your kidney function may need to be checked before you take this medicine);

high ketone levels in your blood or urine;

heart disease, congestive heart failure;

liver disease; or

if you also use insulin, or other oral diabetes medications.

You may develop lactic acidosis, a dangerous build-up of lactic acid in your blood. This may be more likely if you have other medical conditions, a severe infection, chronic alcoholism, or if you are 65 or older. Ask your doctor about your risk.

Follow your doctor's instructions about using Glucophage if you are pregnant or you become pregnant. Controlling diabetes is very important during pregnancy, and having high blood sugar may cause complications in both the mother and the baby. Tell your doctor if you become pregnant while taking Glucophage.

Metformin may stimulate ovulation in a premenopausal woman and may increase the risk of unintended pregnancy. Talk to your doctor about your risk.

You should not breastfeed while using this medicine.

Glucophage should not be given to a child younger than 10 years old. Glucophage XR is not approved for use by anyone younger than 18 years old.

Relate drugs

How to use Glucophage

Usual Adult Dose for Diabetes Type 2:

Immediate-release: Initial dose: 500 mg orally twice a day or 850 mg orally once a day Dose titration: Increase in 500 mg weekly increments or 850 mg every 2 weeks as tolerated Maintenance dose: 2000 mg daily in divided doses Maximum dose: 2550 mg/day Extended-release: Initial dose: 500 to 1000 mg orally once a day Dose titration: Increase in 500 mg weekly increments as tolerated Maintenance dose: 2000 mg daily Maximum dose: 2500 mg daily Comments: -Metformin, if not contraindicated, is the preferred initial pharmacologic agent for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. -Immediate-release: Take in divided doses 2 to 3 times a day with meals; titrate slowly to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. In general, significant responses are not observed with doses less than 1500 mg/day. -Extended-release: Take with the evening meal; if glycemic control is not achieved with 2000 mg once a day, may consider 1000 mg of extended-release product twice a day; if glycemic control is still not achieve, may switch to immediate-release product. Use: To improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to diet and exercise.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Diabetes Type 2:

10 years or older: Immediate-release: Initial dose: 500 mg orally twice a day Dose titration: Increase in 500 mg weekly increments as tolerated Maintenance dose: 2000 mg daily Maximum dose: 2000 mg daily Comments: Take in divided doses 2 to 3 times a day with meals. Titrate slowly to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Safety and effectiveness of Glucophage extended-release has not been established in pediatric patients less than 18 years of age. Use: To improve glycemic control in children with type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to diet and exercise.

Warnings

You should not use Glucophage if you have severe kidney disease, metabolic acidosis, or diabetic ketoacidosis (call your doctor for treatment).

If you need to have any type of x-ray or CT scan using a dye that is injected into your veins, you may need to temporarily stop taking Glucophage.

You may develop lactic acidosis, a dangerous build-up of lactic acid in your blood. Call your doctor or get emergency medical help if you have unusual muscle pain, trouble breathing, stomach pain, dizziness, feeling cold, or feeling very weak or tired.

What other drugs will affect Glucophage

Many drugs can interact with metformin, making it less effective or increasing your risk of lactic acidosis. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using.

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