Moxifloxacin (EENT)
Drug class: Antineoplastic Agents
Usage of Moxifloxacin (EENT)
Bacterial Ophthalmic Infections
Topical treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus (S. aureus, S. arlettae, S. capitis, S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, S. hominis, S. saprophyticus, S. warneri ), Streptococcus (S. mitis, S. parasanguinis, S. pneumoniae, viridans streptococci ), Enterococcus faecalis, Aerococcus viridans, Corynebacterium (C. macginleyi), Micrococcus luteus, or Propionibacterium acnes.
Topical treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible gram-negative bacteria, including Acinetobacter lwoffii, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, H. parainfluenzae, or Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Many cases of mild, acute bacterial conjunctivitis resolve spontaneously without anti-infective therapy. Although topical ophthalmic anti-infectives may shorten time to resolution and reduce severity and risk of complications, avoid indiscriminate use of topical anti-infectives.
Treatment of acute bacterial conjunctivitis generally is empiric; use of a broad-spectrum topical antibacterial usually recommended. In vitro staining and/or cultures of conjunctival material may be indicated in diagnosis and management of recurrent, severe, or chronic purulent conjunctivitis or when acute conjunctivitis does not respond to initial empiric topical treatment.
Chlamydial Ophthalmic Infections
Has been used for topical treatment of conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.
Systemic anti-infectives are recommended for treatment of conjunctivitis caused by C. trachomatis. Although topical anti-infectives have been used concomitantly, concomitant use of topical anti-infectives not considered necessary.
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How to use Moxifloxacin (EENT)
Administration
Ophthalmic Administration
Apply 0.5% ophthalmic solution topically to the eye.
For topical ophthalmic use only; do not inject suBConjunctivally and do not introduce directly into anterior chamber of the eye.
Avoid contaminating applicator tip with material from eye, fingers, or other source.
Dosage
Available as moxifloxacin hydrochloride; dosage expressed in terms of moxifloxacin.
Pediatric Patients
Bacterial Ophthalmic Infections Conjunctivitis OphthalmicMoxeza 0.5% ophthalmic solution in pediatric patients ≥4 months of age: Instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) 2 times daily for 7 days.
Vigamox 0.5% ophthalmic solution in pediatric patients ≥1 year of age: Instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) 3 times daily for 7 days.
Chlamydial Ophthalmic Infections Conjunctivitis OphthalmicMoxeza 0.5% ophthalmic solution in pediatric patients ≥4 months of age: Instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) 2 times daily for 7 days.
Vigamox 0.5% ophthalmic solution in pediatric patients ≥1 year of age: Instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) 3 times daily for 7 days.
Adults
Bacterial Ophthalmic Infections Conjunctivitis OphthalmicMoxeza 0.5% ophthalmic solution: Instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) 2 times daily for 7 days.
Vigamox 0.5% ophthalmic solution: Instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) 3 times daily for 7 days.
Chlamydial Ophthalmic Infections Conjunctivitis OphthalmicMoxeza 0.5% ophthalmic solution: Instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) 2 times daily for 7 days.
Vigamox 0.5% ophthalmic solution: Instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) 3 times daily for 7 days.
Warnings
Contraindications
Warnings/Precautions
Sensitivity Reactions
HypersensitivitySerious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity and/or anaphylactic reactions reported in patients receiving systemic fluoroquinolones, including systemic moxifloxacin; these reactions may occur with first dose. Some hypersensitivity reactions reported with systemic fluoroquinolones have been accompanied by cardiovascular collapse, loss of consciousness, tingling, angioedema (e.g., laryngeal, pharyngeal, facial), airway obstruction, dyspnea, urticaria, and itching.
Immediately discontinue moxifloxacin ophthalmic solution at first sign of rash or hypersensitivity reaction.
Serious acute hypersensitivity reactions may require immediate emergency treatment; administer oxygen and airway management as clinically indicated.
Superinfection
Prolonged use may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms, including fungi.
If superinfection occurs, discontinue moxifloxacin ophthalmic solution and institute appropriate therapy.
Patient Monitoring
Whenever clinical judgment dictates, examine patient with the aid of magnification (e.g., slit lamp biomicroscopy) and, if appropriate, fluorescein staining.
Contact Lenses
Do not wear contact lenses if any signs or symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis are present.
Specific Populations
PregnancyCategory C.
Data not available regarding use of moxifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution in pregnant women; use only if potential benefits to the woman justify potential risks to fetus.
LactationDistribution into human milk following topical application to the eye not studied; presumed to be distributed into human milk.
Use with caution in nursing women.
Pediatric UseMoxeza 0.5% ophthalmic solution: Safety and efficacy not established in pediatric patients <4 months of age.
Vigamox 0.5% ophthalmic solution: Safety and efficacy not established in pediatric patients <1 year of age.
Geriatric UseNo overall differences in safety and efficacy relative to younger adults.
Common Adverse Effects
Moxeza 0.5% ophthalmic solution: Eye irritation, pyrexia, conjunctivitis.
Vigamox 0.5% ophthalmic solution: Conjunctivitis, decreased visual acuity, ocular dryness, keratitis, ocular discomfort/pain/pruritus, ocular hyperemia, subconjunctival hemorrhage, tearing, fever, increased cough, infection, otitis media, pharyngitis, rash, rhinitis.
What other drugs will affect Moxifloxacin (EENT)
No formal drug interaction studies using moxifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution.
Does not inhibit CYP isoenzymes 1A2, 2C9, C19, 2D6, or 3A4; unlikely to alter pharmacokinetics of drugs metabolized by these CYP isoenzymes.
Disclaimer
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The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Drugslib.com does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Drugslib.com provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.
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