Promacta

Generic name: Eltrombopag
Drug class: Platelet-stimulating agents

Usage of Promacta

Promacta is a man-made form of a protein that stimulates cells in the bone marrow to produce more platelets (blood-clotting cells). Eltrombopag belongs to a class of medications called thrombopoietin receptor agonists.

Promacta is used to increase the number of platelets (cells that help the blood clot) to decrease the risk of bleeding in adults and children one year of age and older who have chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP; an ongoing condition that may cause unusual bruising or bleeding due to an abnormally low number of platelets in the blood) and who have not been helped or cannot be treated with other treatments, including medications or surgery to remove the spleen.

Promacta is also used to increase the number of platelets in people who have hepatitis C (a viral infection that may damage the liver) so that they can begin and continue treatment with interferon (Peginterferon, Pegintron, others) and ribavirin (Rebetol).

Promacta is also used in combination with other medications to treat aplastic anemia (condition in which the body does not make enough new blood cells) in adults and children 2 years of age and older.

Promacta is also used to treat aplastic anemia in adults who have not been helped with other medications. Promacta is used to increase the number of platelets enough to decrease the risk of bleeding in people with ITP or aplastic anemia, or to allow treatment with interferon and ribavirin in people with hepatitis C. However it is not used to increase the number of platelets to a normal level.

Promacta should not be used to treat people who have low numbers of platelets due to conditions other than ITP, hepatitis C, or aplastic anemia.

Promacta is not for use in treating myelodysplastic syndrome (also called "preleukemia").

Promacta side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to Promacta: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

You could develop a blood clot if your platelet count gets too high while you are using Promacta. Call your doctor or get emergency medical help if you have:

signs of a stroke - sudden numbness or weakness, severe headache, slurred speech, problems with vision or balance;

signs of a blood clot in the lung - chest pain, sudden cough or shortness of breath, dizziness, coughing up blood;

signs of a blood clot deep in the body - pain, swelling, or warmth in one leg; or

signs of a blood clot in the stomach - severe stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea.

Promacta may cause serious side effects. Call your doctor at once if you have:

any bruising or bleeding episodes during or after treatment with Promacta;

vision changes, tunnel vision, eye pain, or seeing halos around lights;

pain or burning when you urinate;

low red blood cells (anemia) - pale skin, tiredness, feeling light-headed or short of breath, cold hands and feet; or

liver problems - confusion, tiredness, right-sided upper stomach pain, swelling around your midsection, dark urine, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).

Common Promacta side effects may include:

nausea, diarrhea;

fever;

cough;

headache, tiredness;

anemia; or

abnormal bone marrow or liver function tests.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Before taking Promacta

To make sure Promacta is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had:

a blood clot;

blood cancer;

bleeding problems;

cataracts;

surgery to remove your spleen;

if you are of East or Southeast Asian descent; or

liver disease (unless you are being treated for hepatitis C).

May harm an unborn baby. Do not use if you are pregnant. Use effective birth control while using Promacta and for at least 7 days after your last dose. Tell your doctor if you become pregnant.

You should not breastfeed while using this medicine.

Relate drugs

How to use Promacta

Usual Adult Dose for Aplastic Anemia:

FIRST-LINE SEVERE APLASTIC ANEMIA: Initial dose: 150 mg orally once a day Patients of Asian Ancestry (such as Chinese, Japanese, Taiwanese, Korean, or Thai): Initial dose: 75 mg orally once a day Duration of therapy: 6 months.

REFRACTORY SEVERE APLASTIC ANEMIA: Initial dose: 50 mg orally once a day; may adjust dose in 50 mg increments every 2 weeks as needed to achieve a platelet count between 50 and 200 x 10(9)/L. Patients of Asian Ancestry: Initial dose: 25 mg orally once a day; may adjust dose in 50 mg increments every 2 weeks as needed to achieve a platelet count between 50 and 200 x 10(9)/L. Maintenance dose: The lowest dose needed to achieve and maintain a platelet count between 50 and 200 x 10(9)/L. Maximum dose: 150 mg orally once a day Duration of therapy: If no hematologic response has occurred after 16 weeks of therapy with this drug, discontinue therapy.

Usual Adult Dose for Idiopathic (Immune) Thrombocytopenic Purpura:

Initial dose: 50 mg orally once a day Patients of East Asian ancestry (such as Chinese, Japanese, Taiwanese, or Korean): Initial dose: 25 mg orally once a day Maintenance dose: The lowest dose to achieve and maintain a platelet count between 50 to 200 x 10(9)/L as necessary to reduce the risk of bleeding. Maximum dose: 75 mg orally once a day Duration: Treatment should be discontinued if the platelet count does not increase to a level sufficient to avoid clinically important bleeding after 4 weeks of therapy at the maximum daily dose.

Usual Adult Dose for Thrombocytopenia:

Initial dose: 25 mg orally once a day Maintenance dose: The lowest dose to achieve and maintain a platelet count necessary to initiate and maintain antiviral therapy with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. Maximum dose: 100 mg orally once a day Duration: Treatment should be discontinued when concomitant antiviral therapy is discontinued.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Idiopathic (Immune) Thrombocytopenic Purpura:

1 TO 5 YEARS: Initial dose: 25 mg orally once a day 6 YEARS OR OLDER: Initial dose: 50 mg orally once a day Patients of East Asian ancestry (such as Chinese, Japanese, Taiwanese, or Korean): Initial dose: 25 mg orally once a day Maintenance dose: The lowest dose to achieve and maintain a platelet count between 50 to 200 x 10(9)/L as necessary to reduce the risk of bleeding. Maximum dose: 75 mg orally once a day Duration: Treatment should be discontinued if the platelet count does not increase to a level sufficient to avoid clinically important bleeding after 4 weeks of therapy at the maximum daily dose.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Aplastic Anemia:

FIRST-LINE SEVERE APLASTIC ANEMIA: Initial dose: 2 to 5 years: 2.5 mg/kg orally once a day 6 to 11 years: 75 mg orally once a day 12 years or older: 150 mg orally once a day Patients of Asian ancestry (such as Chinese, Japanese, Taiwanese, Korean, or Thai): Initial dose: 2 to 5 years: 1.25 mg/kg orally once a day 6 to 11 years: 37.5 mg orally once a day 12 years or older: 75 mg orally once a day Duration of therapy: 6 months.

Warnings

Before you take Promacta tell your doctor if you have kidney disease, blood cancer, a bone marrow disorder, high platelet levels, liver problems (if you are not being treated for hepatitis C), a history of cataracts or blood clot, if your spleen has been removed, or if you are of East Asian descent. Also tell your doctor about all other medications you use.

Take Promacta on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. Do not take this medication with milk. Avoid all dairy products or products that contain calcium (including fortified fruit juice) for at least 4 hours before or after you take Promacta.

If you have chronic hepatitis C, taking Promacta with ribavirin and interferon treatment can increase your risk of liver problems. Call your doctor at once if you have signs of liver problems: nausea, upper stomach pain, confusion, tired feeling, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).

After you stop taking this medicine, your risk of bleeding may be even higher than it was before you started treatment. Be extra careful to avoid cuts or injury for at least 4 weeks after you stop taking this medicine. Your blood will need to be tested weekly during this time.

Call your doctor at once if you have signs of liver problems: nausea, upper stomach pain, confusion, tired feeling, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).

What other drugs will affect Promacta

Some medicines can make Promacta much less effective when taken at the same time. If you take any of the following medicines, take your Promacta dose 2 hours before or 4 hours after you take the other medicine:

antacids that contain calcium, magnesium, or aluminum; or

vitamin or mineral supplements that contain aluminum, calcium, iron, magnesium, selenium, or zinc.

Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially:

medicine used to prevent blood clots - alteplase, clopidogrel, dipyridamole, warfarin, enoxaparin, apixaban, ticlopidine, and others; or

cholesterol lowering medicine - atorvastatin, ezetimibe, fluvastatin, pitavastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, or simvastatin.

This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with eltrombopag, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

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