Tamanu

Generic name: Calophyllum Inophyllum L., Calophyllum Tacamahaca
Brand names: Alexandrian Laurel, Dilo, Dolno, Fetau, Kamani, Kamanu, Tamanu, Tamanu Oil, Ti

Usage of Tamanu

Suggested pharmacologic effects of tamanu oil are largely based on evidence from animal and in vitro studies.

Antibacterial activity

In vitro data

At a dose of 20 mcg/disc in an agar well diffusion assay, caloxanthone A, calophynic acid, brasiliensic acid, inophylloidic acid, calophyllolide, and inophyllum C and E were found to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus but not Vibrio anguillarium, EscheriChia coli, or the yeast Candida tropicalis.Yimdjo 2004 Another study demonstrated activity against S. aureus but not against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Tran 2018 In keratinocyte cells, lower concentrations of the oil were reportedly required to inhibit bacterial growth and promote wound healing than those required for cytotoxic effects.Léguillier 2015

Anticancer activity

Animal and in vitro data

In a screening of 10 natural 4-phenylcoumarins isolated from C. inophyllum, inhibitory activity (except of inophyllum C and calocoumarin C) was demonstrated against Epstein-Barr virus early antigen in Raji cells. Calocoumarin-A exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity in a 2-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis test.Itoigawa 2001 Triterpenoids and a friedelane-type triterpene demonstrated in vitro activity against human leukemia HL-60 cells.Li 2010 Additionally, C. inophyllum fruit extract induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells.Shanmugapriya 2017

Antiviral activity

In vitro data

Various chemical components of C. inophyllum have been examined for antiviral activity. Inophyllums are considered novel nonnucleoside inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Inophyllum B was active against HIV-1 in cell culture, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.4 mmol. Inophyllum P (soullatrolide) has also shown anti-HIV activity.Spino 1998, Taylor 1994

Wound healing

Animal and in vitro data

In vitro and rodent studies have investigated wound-healing properties of tamanu oil and of a calophyllolide compound isolated from C. inophyllum seeds. Increased proliferation of collagen and fibroblasts has been demonstrated in vitro,Zalewski 2019 and attenuation of inflammatory cytokines has been shown in a mouse model.Nguyen 2017 In rodent experiments, wound closure was accelerated and recovery of normal epidermis and dermis structure was greater with tamanu oil compared with the comparator.Léguillier 2015, Nguyen 2017, Tran 2018 One study suggests that lower concentrations of the oil are required to promote healing and exert bacteriostatic activity than those needed for cytotoxic effects.Léguillier 2015

Tamanu side effects

A case report exists of allergic contact dermatitis from tamanu oil.Le Coz 2004 Tamanu oil may cause hypersensitivity Reactions in patients with allergy to plants in the Clusiaceae family.

Before taking Tamanu

Avoid use. Information regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking.

How to use Tamanu

Clinical trial data are lacking to provide tamanu dosing recommendations.

Warnings

Review of the scientific literature reveals little to no toxicity data for tamanu.

What other drugs will affect Tamanu

None well documented.

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