Allopurinol Stella 300mg treatment for hyperuricemia, kidney stones (3 blisters x 10 tablets)

Dosage form Box of 3 blisters x 10 tablets
Specifications Allopurinol
Ingredient Gout

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Allopurinol	300mg

Uses

indications

Allopurinol Stella 300 mg is indicated in the following cases:

Reducing urate/uric acid formation in urate/uric acid deposits (such as gout arthritis, urate in the skin, kidney stones) or clinical risks that can attend (such as malignant treatment that can lead to acute kidney disease caused by uric acid).

Treatment of kidney stones 2.8-dihydroxyaderin (2.8-dha) related to the activity decline of adenin phosphoribosyltransferase.

Treatment of recurrent mixed calcium oxalate kidney stones is encountered in urinary hyperurgery when compensation, diet and similar measures.

Pharmacological

allopurinol is an Xanthinoxidase inhibitor. Allopurinol and its main metabolites oxipurinol reduce uric acid levels in plasma and urine by inhibiting oxidase xanlin, enzymes catalyzed hydroxide to hypoxanthin into xanthin and xanthin into uric acid. In addition, the drug also inhibits purine catinogens in some patients with hyperuricemia, and reduces purin biosynthesis through the reverse inhibition mechanism of hypoxanthin-guanin phosphorbosyliransferase. Other metabolites of allopurinol include allopurinobribosid and oxipurinol-7 ribosid.

pharmacokinetics

absorption:

Allopurinol is quickly absorbed to 90% of the gastrointestinal oral dosage; Distribution: The time of discharging in blood blood is about 1-2 hours.

Metabolism:

The main metabolites of Allopurinol is Oxipurirol (Alloxanthin) which is an Xathin oxidase inhibitor that has a half -life of plasma waste in plasma for about 15 hours or in patients with normal kidney function, although this time can last longer in kidney failure. Allopurinol and oxipurinol are combined into the corresponding ribonucleosid form, not cohesive with plasma proteins.

Era:

The excretion is mainly through the kidneys, but slowly due to oxipurinol is also reabsorbed through the renal tubules. About 7% of daily dose can be eliminated in urine in the form of oxipurinol and 10% in the form of allopurinol; Long -term use can change this ratio, because Allopurinol inhibits its main metabolites. The remaining counterattack of the dose is eliminated through feces. Allopurinol and oxipurirol are all found in breast milk.

Before taking Allopurinol Stella 300mg treatment for hyperuricemia, kidney stones (3 blisters x 10 tablets)

How to use

allopurinol can be used once a day after meals, the drug is well tolerated, especially after eating. If the daily dose exceeds 300 mg and the digestive system cannot be tolerated, the dose can be divided.

Dosage

Adults:

Allopurinol should be indicated at low doses such as 100 mg/ day to reduce the risk of side effects and only increase the dose when responding to unsatisfactory serum urate. Should be used more cautiously if the renal function is impaired. The following dose mode is exported as follows:

100 - 200 mg/day if the disease is mild.

300 - 600 mg/day if the disease is serious.

700 - 900 mg/day is very serious.

If the dose calculation is necessary according to body weight, should be calculated according to the dose 2 - 10 mg/kg/day.

Children:

Children under 15 years old: 10 - 20 mg/kg/day until a maximum dose of 400 mg/day. Rarely indicated for children unless malignancy (especially leukemia ) and certain enzymes and enzymes such as lesch-nylos syndrome.

Old people:

In case there is no specific data, the lowest dose should be used to reduce Urat satisfactory.

kidney failure:

Because Allopurinol and its metabolites are eliminated through the kidneys, the renal function can lead to drug storage and/or its metabolites with a semi -discharged time in the corresponding plasma. Allopurinol and its metabolites are excluded by blood separator in the kidneys. If you have to apply blood regularly, it is necessary to change the dose of Allopurinol, use 300 - 400 mg after each hemorrhage.

Hepatic failure:

Should reduce the dose in patients with liver failure. Recommendations on liver function periodically in the early stages of treatment.

Treatment of high urate levels such as cancer, lesch-ahan syndrome:

Adjust hyperuricemia and/or increase urinary urery with allopurinol before starting cytotoxic therapy. It is important to ensure adequate hydration to maintain the maximum urology and test the alkalinity of the urine to increase the solubility of ura/uric acid in the urine. Recommended use of appropriate dosage when using 100 mg, 200mg and 700 mg.

Note: The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.

What to do when overdose?

Symptoms:

There have been reports on the case of using allopurinol up to 22.5 g without any unwanted effect. Symptoms and signs including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and dizziness have been reported in patients using 20g Allopurinol.

Processing:

Common support measures can help recover. Airburinol absorption can lead to significant inhibition of xanthin oxidase activity, does not cause risk reactions except affecting shared drugs, especially with 6-mercaptopurin and/or azathioprin. It is possible to apply blood if necessary. However, if close to the next dose, skip the forgotten dose and take the next dose at the time as planned. Note that it should not be used double the prescribed dose.

Side Effects

When using Allopurinol Stella 300 mg, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).

The most common side effect of Allopurinol is the skin rash. The rash is usually a rash or itching, sometimes the hemorrhage, but the more dangerous hypersensitivity reaction may occur, including the scales, the Stevens-Johnson syndrome and the skin necrosis. It is recommended to stop using allopurinol as soon as the rash appears.

Other symptoms of hypersensitivity include fever and chills, lymph nodes, leukemia or leukemia, acid leukemia, joint pain and vasculitis leading to kidney and liver damage, very rare epilepsy. These hypersensitivity reactions may be severe, even death and liver failure or kidney failure.

Liver toxicity and signs of liver function change can also be seen in patients who do not show hypersensitivity. Hematology effects include plateletal decrease, aquatic anemia, granulocytosis and hemolytic anemia. Many other unwanted effects are rare including abnormalities, peripheral neuropathy, hair loss, large breasts in men, hypertension, taste disorders, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, discomfort, drowsiness, dizziness and visual disorders. Patients with gout may be increased with acute gout attacks when they start treatment with allopurinol even though these gout attacks usually fall after a few months.

Instructions on how to handle ADR

When experiencing side effects of the drug, it is necessary to stop using and notify the doctor or go to the nearest medical facility for timely treatment.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

Contraindicated

Allopurinol Stella 300 mg is contraindicated in the following cases:

Too hypersensitivity to Allopuinol or which component in the formula.

Patients with severe liver and kidney disease (hyperuremia).

Skilled iron pigmentation (even if only a family history).

Should not use Allopurinol to start acute gout attacks.

Contraindicated in children except for children with tumors or enzyme disorders.

Be cautious when using

should stop using allopurinol as soon as the skin rash or other signs of sensitivity. Dosage should be reduced in patients with liver failure or renal failure. Patients who are treating hypertension or heart failure, for example, diuretics or enzyme inhibitors, may be accompanied by kidney failure, so they should use allurinol carefully.

Often indicates that Allopurinol treats asymptomatic hyperuricemia. The change of diet combined with the treatment of the cause can improve the disease.

Acute gout: Do not start treatment with albpurinol until acute gout attacks completely because it can cause more severe gout attacks.

In the early stages of treatment with allopurinol, as well as with urinary urinary drugs, it can cause acute gout arthritis. Therefore, it is advisable to prevent appropriate anti -inflammatory drugs or colchicin most 1 month.

If acute gout attacks in patients who are using allopurinol, continue treatment at the same dose while treating acute gout attacks with an appropriate anti -inflammatory drug.

Xanthin deposits: In case of increasing urate formation rate (such as malignant and too cure for malignant disease, Lesch-nylos syndrome), in a few cases, increases the Xanthin concentration in urine water to the maximum level, which can cause sedimentation of xanthin in urinary tract in some rare cases. This risk can be minimized by the maximum soluble hydrate in the urine.

The obstruction of the kidney stones caused by uric acid: appropriate treatment for allopurinol will lead to the solubility of large stones in the renal pelvis due to uric acid, the ability to block the ureter is less likely.

Lactose intolerance: Allopurinol contains lactose and therefore should not be used for patients with genetic lactose tolerance, lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose.

Allopurinol Stella 300 mg contains Sunset Yellow Lake excipients that can cause allergic reactions.

The ability to drive and operate machinery

Due to unwanted effects such as drowsiness, dizziness and loss of air conditioning have been reported in patients who are using allopurinol, patients are cautious before driving, use machinery or participate in dangerous activities until it is sure that allopurinol does not cause adverse effects.

Pregnancy

There is no complete evidence of Allopurinol's safety in pregnant women, although the drug has been widely used for many years without any obvious bad consequences. Only use drugs in pregnant women when there is no safer replacement and the disease provides a bad risk to the mother or fetus.

Lactation period

Reports to identify allopurinol and oxipurinol are excreted into breast milk. However, there is no information related to the influence of Allopurinol or its metabolites on breastfeeding.

Drug interaction

6-mercaptopurin and azathioprin: Allopurinol prolongs the activity of 6-mercaptopurin and azathioprine due to xanthin inhibition.

vidarabin (Adenin arabinosid): Vidarabin's waste time increases when used with Allopurinol.

salicylate and uric acid elimination drugs in the urine: Uricuria drugs such as probenecid or high doses of salicylate can accelerate the secretion of oxipurinol.

chlorpropamid : If allopurinol is simultaneously used with chlorpropamid when the renal function is poor, can increase the risk of prolonged activity of hypoglycaemic because of allopurinol and chlorpropamid eliminated elimination in the kidney tubules.

Coumarin anticoagulants: Rarely report on the increase in the activity of warfarin and other anti -copper drugs when used simultaneously with allopurinol, so patients use anticoagulants should be closely monitored.

Phenyfoin: Allopurinol inhibits phenytoin oxidation in the liver but does not see clinical signs.

Theophyliin : Allopurinol inhibits theophyllin metabolism.

ampicillin/ amoxieilin: Increase the frequency of skin rash.

cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, bheomycin, processbazin, mloroethamine: increase bone marrow inhibition in cancer patients when used with Allopurinol.

ciclosporin : plasma concentrations of ciclosporin may increase when treated simultaneously with allopurinol.

Didanosin : In volunteers and HIV patients with Didanosin, the value of cmax and auc of the didanosin in plasma is approximately the same as treated simultaneously with Allopurinol (300 mg/day) does not affect the sale time.

Tyeum of drugs

Due to no research on the correlation of the drug, not mixing this drug with other drugs.

Storage

In closed packaging, dry place. The temperature does not exceed 30 ° C.

Other drugs

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