Bactamox 500mg Imexpharm Treatment Treatment of lower respiratory tract bacteria, otitis media (2 blisters x 7 tablets)

ATC code: J01CR02.

Amoxicillin is aminopenicilin, durable in acidic environment, which has a wider spectrum than benzylpenicilin, especially anti -bacillant effects. Similar to other penicillins, amoxicillin has a bactericidal effect, because the drug is attached to one or more penicillin -mounted proteins of bacteria (PBP) to inhibit peptidoglycan biosynthesis, which is an important component of bacterial cell walls. Finally, bacteria decompose by self -destructing enzymes of bacterial cell walls (Autolysin and Murein Hydrolase). The drug has a bactericidal effect during the division of sensitive bacteria. However, amoxicillin is easily destroyed by beta-lactamase enzymes and therefore antibacterial spectrum does not include bacteria that produce beta-lactamase enzymes.

Sulbactam has only weak antibacterial activity when used alone. However, sulbactam is an unfavorable competitive inhibitor of many types of beta-lactamase enzymes. The combination of amoxicilin with sulbactam helps to prevent amoxicillin from being decomposed by beta-lactamase. Therefore, increasing the effects and expansion of amoxicillin antibacterial spectrum for many species of beta-lactamase bacteria that have been resistant to alone amoxicillin.

antibacterial spectrum:

Amoxicillin is distributed in most tissues in the body and biological fluids, the concentration of treatment is achieved in bronchial secretions, sinus nose and amniotic fluid, saliva, fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, secretion in the membrane and middle ear. About 20% of the drug is connected to serum protein.

The drug is mainly exported to the urine in the form of activity (70 - 80%) and in bile fluid (5 - 10%). Serum disposal time in people with normal kidney function is approximately 1 hour. Amoxicillin passes the placenta fence and excreted breast milk in small amounts. Amoxicillin can be removed from the circulation by hemolysis.

When using sulbactam on the gastrointestinal tract, the bioavailability of the drug is almost 100%, however, if used by oral absorption from the digestive tract is incomplete. To improve the absorption ability, some precursors have been synthesized, among them are Sulbactam Pivoxil. Sulbactam's pharmacokinetics are used by oral or orally orally with amoxicillin. When used simultaneously amoxicillin and sulbactam, there is no pharmacological interaction between drugs.

Serum concentration of Sulbactam also achieved the same time as amoxicillin and the peak concentration values ​​also depend on the dose.

The ratio of cohesion to plasma protein is approximately 40%.

The drug is mainly excreted in the urine in the form of unchanged (75 - 85%). Serum waste time in serum is approximately 1 hour and lasts longer in patients with severe renal impairment. Sulbactam through the placenta fence and excreted breast milk in small amounts. Sulbactam is excluded from the circulating partially during the hemolysis.

Be cautious when using

need to be very careful when taking the drug for patients in the following cases:

About 5 - 10% of cases of drugs have occurred cross -allergy reactions between penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics. Therefore, patients with a history of allergies to cephalosporin antibiotics should not be taken. Severe hypersensitivity reactions and death (anaphylaxis) have been reported in patients treated with beta-lactam drugs.

These reactions often occur in patients with a history of allergies to penicillin or more factors. Therefore, before starting treatment with the drug, a thorough investigation of the patient's allergic history. If hypersensory reactions occur, medication must be discontinued and appropriate treatment.

Fake colitis related to antibacterial agents including beta-lactam antibiotics or a combination of beta-lactam antibiotics and beta-lactamase inhibitors have been reported. The level of mild to life -threatening. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct diagnosis of this disease in patients with diarrhea during or after medication.

Taking drugs in high doses may increase the transaminase indicators of the liver, mainly glutamic - oxalacetic transaminase. If treated for a long time, it is necessary to periodically check the function of kidney, liver and bone marrow.

For patients who are being treated with Lyme disease, Jarisch-Herxheimer.

The high concentration of amoxicillin in urine can cause precipitation in urine tubes, so periodic checks.

When indicating ampicilin for pregnant women, there is a mitigation of concentrations of complexes with Estriol, Estriol - Glucuronid, Estron Combined and Estradiol in serum. This can happen to amoxicillin, therefore, should use supportive contraception or replacement for female patients who are applying Estrogen or Progestin contraception.

mushrooms or superinfections may occur, in these cases, the drug is needed and use appropriate treatments.

Elderly: Penicilin antibiotics have been used in elderly patients and so far have not recorded any special risks. However, the elderly may be impaired renal function, so it is necessary to consider adjusting the dose based on creatinine clearance if necessary.

Because the drug contains amoxicillin, high doses are used for patients with renal impairment or a history of convulsions, epilepsy can cause seizures (although rarely occur). In the case of renal failure, the dose must be adjusted according to creatinine clearance.

There is a high risk of a rash in patients with monon cellular hyperpses.

When starting to treat with drugs, pustules accompanied by the red rash may be the manifestations of the acute all -body pustules syndrome (AGEP). If these manifestations appear, patients should stop drugs and contraindicated with any preparations with amoxicillin treatment.

Prothrombin time has been reported in patients treated with amoxicillin simultaneously with oral anticoagulant drugs, but rarely occur. It is necessary to strictly control cases of simultaneous treatment of amoxicillin and anti -dynamic drugs. The dosage of anticoagulants can be adjusted when necessary to maintain the desired concentration of anticoagulants in the blood.

FD & C Yellow 5 Lake ingredients in the drug can cause allergic reactions.

affect diagnostic tests:

The effect of the drug on driving and operating machinery

There is no evidence of the effect of the drug on the ability to drive, operate machinery. However, some unwanted effects of the drug on the nervous system such as increasing activity, anxiety, insomnia, confusion ... can reduce the ability to concentrate and react of the patient. So be careful when using these drugs for these objects. If the patient has the above unwanted effects, it is not advisable to drive or operate machinery.

Using drugs for women during pregnancy and lactation

Using drugs for pregnant women:

Studies on the use of amoxicilin and sulbactam for animals during pregnancy do not see toxicity or defects on the fetus. However, because there are no adequate and controlled studies for humans, the drug should only be used if the benefits are superior to the risk.

Use medicine for breastfeeding women:

Amoxicillin and sulbactam are excreted in breast milk in small amounts. This can lead to sensitive reactions, diarrhea, fungal infections and skin rash in breastfed babies. Therefore, you should stop breastfeeding while taking the drug to ensure safety for children.

Amoxicillin should only be used during breastfeeding after being assessed by a doctor between benefits and potential risks.

Drug interaction

alopurinol: Timultant with alopurinol increases the risk of skin allergic reactions.

Probenecid: reduces amoxicillin and sulbactam excretion through the renal tubules, thus prolonging and increasing the concentration of both drugs in plasma. Unable to simultaneously use Bactamox 500 dreams with probenecid.

Pliers such as chloramphenicol, macrolid, sulfonamid and tetracyclin: can hinder the bactericidal effect of amoxicillin.

nifedipin: Increases the absorption of amoxicillin ingredients in the drug.

methotrexate: Amoxicillin reduces methotrexate secretion, so it can increase the toxicity of methotrexate on the gastrointestinal tract and hematopoietic system when used simultaneously.

Oral contraceptives: Amoxicillin reduces the effect of oral contraceptives. Therefore, it is necessary to notify the patient in advance.

Typhoid vaccine: Amoxicillin reduces the effects of typhoid vaccine.

Anticoagulants: Oral anticoagulants and penicillin antibiotics have been widely used in reality without any interactions. However, in the literature, it refers to increasing international normalization index (INR) in patients using acenocoumarol or warfarin simultaneously with amoxicillin. Therefore, if you have to simultaneously use this drug with anticoagulant drugs, carefully monitor prothrombin or INR time when starting or stopping amoxicillin. Can adjust anticoagulant dose if needed.

Diagnostic tests:

The cavalry of the drug:

Due to the absence of studies on the correlation of the drug, not mixing this drug with other drugs.