Cebest Cefpodoxim 50mg Merap Group treats mild to medium infections (20 packs)

Dosage form Box of 20 packs
Specifications Cefpodoxime
Ingredient Merap Group Joint Stock Company

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Cefpodoxime	50mg

Uses

Indications

Cebest 50mg is indicated to treat mild to medium infections caused by sensitive bacteria:

Infectious respiratory infections: Acute sinusitis caused by bacteria caused by the haemophilus influenzae strains (including the birth strain of beta-lactamase), Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Moraxella Catatrhalis; Sore throat and/or tonsillitis due to streptococcus pyogenes; Acute otitis median inflammation due to streptococcus pneumoniae (except for penicillin strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae (including the birth of beta-lactamase), or Moraxella (Branhamella) Catatrhalis (including the birth of Beta-Lactamase).

Lower respiratory infections: Exacection of chronic bronchitis caused by strains S. Pneumoniae, H. Influenzae (indicated non-born beta-lactamase), or M. Catrhalis; Pneumonia is acquired in the community due to the S. Pneumoniae strains or H. Influenzae (including the strains producing beta-lactamase).

To treat mild and medium infections in the upper respiratory tract (sore throat, tonsillitis) due to sensitive streptococcus pyogenes, cefpodoxime is not a priority chosen drug, but an alternative to amoxicillin or amoxicillin combined with potassium clavulanate used inefficiently or not used.

Urinary tract infections have no complications caused by Escherichia Coli, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Proteus Mirabilis, or Staphylococcus Saprophyticus.

Invalid gonorrhea and spread due to the n.gonorrhoeae strain or not producing penicillinase.

Uncount infections in the skin and skin organizations caused by staphylococcus aureus (including the birth of penicillinase) or Streptococcus pyogenes.

Pharmacology

Pharmacy Group: Antibiotics using systemic sugar.

ATC code: J01DD13.

Mechanism of action

Cefpodoxime Proxetil is a semi-synthetic beta-lactam antibiotic, belonging to the 3rd generation Cephalosporin. Cefpodoxime Proxetil is a precursor of cefpodoxime. After drinking, Cefpodoxime Proxetil is absorbed in the digestive tract and is quickly hydrolyzed by non -specific esters into Cefpodoxime, an antibacterial antibiotic.

The mechanism of action of Cefpodoxime is to inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell walls through cohesion and inhibition of the activity of penicillin -mounted protein related to the synthesis of bacterial cell walls (PBPS). The results lead to bacterial cells that are solved and dead.

Medicine resistance mechanism

Cephalosporin resistant bacteria may be by one or more according to the following mechanisms:

Reduce the permeability of the external membrane in some strains of Gram -negative bacteria that limit the accessibility of the drug to Pbps.

Reduce the affection of penicillin -mounted proteins (Pbps).

Hydrolysis mechanism by broad spectrum beta-lactamase and/or encoding enzymes in chromosomes (AMPC) generated by induction or activated to decode in some aerobic gram-negative bacteria.

Pumping the drug from cells.

antibacterial spectrum

Cefpodoxime has a wide antibacterial spectrum for aerobic and gram -positive gram bacteria.

In principle, Cefpodoxime has the power for Gram-positive bacteria such as streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus Cefpodoxime also works with Gram -negative bacteria, Gram -positive and gram -negative bacilli. The drug has an important anti -gram -negative bacteria such as E.coli, Klebsiella, Proteus Mirabilis and Citrobacter. However, in Vietnam, these bacteria are also resistant to the 3rd generation cephalosporin. Cefpodoxime sustainable for beta-lactamase due to Haemophilus Influenzae, Moraxella Catatrhalis and Neisseria born

Drug resistance

The drug has no anti -staphylococcus staphylococcus aureus, penicillin, due to changes in penicillin -mounted proteins (the resistance of methicillin -resistant staphylococcus aureus). This MRSA antibiotic resistance is growing in Vietnam. Cefpodoxime has little effect on Proteus Vulgaris, Entobacter, Serratia Marcescens and Clostridium Perfringens. These bacteria are sometimes resistant to staphylococcus anti -methicillin, Staphylococcus Saprophyticus, Enterococcus Faecalis, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Pseudomonas SP Pneumophila is often resistant to cephalosporins.

Dynamic pharmacokinetics

absorption

Cefpodoxime Proxetil is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and is metabolized by non -specific esters in the intestinal wall into a metabolic cefpodoxime. The absorption rate is about 51.5% when using the tablet corresponding to 100mg Cefpodoxime in hunger and the absorption rate increases when using the drug along with food.

Peak of plasma peaks (cmax) is 1.2mg/l and 2.5mg/l after taking the drug with 100mg and 200mg Cefpodoxime respectively, the time to achieve the peak concentration (TMAX) is 2 to 3 hours. After taking the drug corresponding to 100mg and 200mg Cefpodoxime, 2 times/day for 14.5 days, the plasma parameters of Cefpodoxime plasma remain unchanged.

In adults, after taking a dose of a nuggets of the mixture corresponding to 100mg Cefpodoxime, the peak concentration is approximately 1.5mcg/ml (about 1.1 to 2.1mcg/ml), equivalent to the peak concentration when using Cefpodoxime 100mg tablets. Time to reach the peak concentration (TMAX) and the area under the curve (AUC) of the form of nuggets mixed with oral fluid and film tablets are equivalent.

distribution

The average distribution of Cefpodoxime is 32.3 liters. Cefpodoxime protein bonds range from 22% to 33% in serum and from 21% to 29% in plasma.

Cefpodoxime levels are measured higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of sensitive bacteria that can be achieved in lung parenchyma, bronchial mucosa, pleural fluid, tonsils, interstitial fluid and prostate tissue.

metabolism and elimination

After absorption, the main metabolites are Cefpodoxime, the product of hydrolysis Cefpodoxime Proxetil.

The main elimination line of Cefpodoxime is kidney. About 80% of Cefpodoxime absorbs excreted in urine in the form of unchanged. The average selling time for cefpodoxime is 2.4 hours.

Cefpodoxime is excreted by the kidneys with high concentrations (this concentration is higher than the mic90 for bacteria that often cause urinary tract infections). The distribution of Cefpodoxime in the renal tissue, with a concentration greater than the mic90 for bacteria that often cause urinary tract infections, 3-12 hours after the single-dose of 200mg (1.6-3.1µg/g).

Before taking Cebest Cefpodoxim 50mg Merap Group treats mild to medium infections (20 packs)

How to use

Cebest mixture can be taken at any time, with food or not.

Dosage

Common dose:

Adults and children over 12 years:

Take 100 - 400mg x 2 times/day, 12 hours apart.

ACCESTORIES OF CHIEVERS or MILKING ACCEPTION OF THE COMMUNITY: 200mg 2 times/day, 12 hours apart, for 10 or 14 days, corresponding to the above disease.

Sore throat and/or tonsillitis due to streptococcus pyogenes infection: 100mg x 2 times/day, 12, hours apart for 5-10 days.

Skin infections and mild and medium -complicated skin organizations: 400mg x 2 times/day, 12 hours apart, for 7-14 days.

Mild and medium -sized urinary tract infections, no complications: 100mg x 2 times/day, 12 hours apart, 7 days.

Inhabited gonorrhea: Use a single dose of 200mg or 400mg Cefpodoxime, followed by oral doxycyclin treatment to prevent chlamydia.

Elderly:

The dose is like adults. There is no need to adjust the dose in elderly patients with normal kidney function.

Children from 2 months old to 12 years old:

Take 10 mg/kg/day, divided into 2 times, 12 hours apart (maximum dose 400 mg/day).

Acute otitis media: 5 mg/kg (to 200 mg) x 2 times/day, 12 hours apart, for 5 days. Sore throat and tonsils due to streptococcus pyogenes infection: 5 mg/kg (up to 100 mg) x 2 times/day, 12 hours apart, for 5-10 days.

acute sinusitis: 5 mg/kg (to 200 mg) x 2 times/day, for 10 days.

Pneumonia in the community, Exacections due to chronic bronchitis: 200mg x 2 times/day, 12 hours apart, in 14 days and 10 days, respectively.

Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: 100mg x 2 times/day, 12 hours apart, 7 days.

Hepatic failure: The dose does not require modification in cases of liver failure.

kidney failure:

If the creatinine clearance is greater than 40 ml/min, do not require a change in the dosage of cefpodoxim. Lower than this value, pharmacokinetic studies show that half -life elimination and peak concentration in plasma of cefpodoxime increases, so the dosage should be adjusted appropriately according to the following table:

Creatinin (ml/min) 1⁄4 conventional dose) Patients with hemolysis The only dose used after each dialysis Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.

What to do when overdose?

call the doctor immediately or go to the hospital immediately if you think you have taken too many cebest medicine, in the case of no signs of discomfort or poisoning, because you may need emergency medical care.

What to do when you forget 1 dose? However, if the time to relax with the next dose is too short, skip the dose and continue the calendar of the drug. Do not use double dose to compensate for missed dose.

Side Effects

When using Cebest, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR) such as:

The harmful reactions of the drug are listed below by the organ system and the frequency of encounter. The defined frequency is: Very common (≥ 1/10), common (≥ 1/100 to

Blood and lymphatic disorders

Rare: Hemoglobin hypnosis, platelet growth, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and eosin cells.

Less: headache, unusual feeling, dizziness.

Uncommon: tinnitus.

Gastrointestinal disorders

Common: increased stomach pressure, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, flatulence, diarrhea. The likelihood of fake colitis should be considered if diarrhea is severe or prolonged during or after treatment.

Common: Delicious food.

Immune system disorders

Very rare: anaphylactic reaction, bronchospasm, bleeding and angioedema.

Very rare: Mild hyper Urea and creatinin.

Liver disorders - bile

Rare: increasing the transient liver enzyme of ASAT, ALAT and alkaline phosphatase and/or bilirubin. The abnormalities in the test can be explained by the infection, can rarely exceed the upper limit of the above enzymes and evoke a model of liver damage, often bile stasis and most asymptomatic.

Uncommon: Hypersensitivity to skin and mucous reactions, rashes, urticaria, itching.

As with other antibiotics, the prolonged use of Cefpodoxime can lead to excessive growth of non -sensitive organisms (Candida and Clostridium difficile).

Common disorders

Uncommon: weakness or discomfort.

Instructions on how to handle ADR:

Notify the physician with unwanted effects when using the drug.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

contraindicated

Cebest drug contraindicated in the following cases:

Sensitive people with cefpodoxime, other cephalosporins or any ingredients of the drug.

Be cautious when using

need to be very careful when taking the drug for patients in the following cases:

Cefpodoxime is not a priority antibiotic to treat staphylococcus aureus pneumonia and should not be used in the treatment of non -typical pneumonia of bacteria such as Legionella, Mycoplasma and Chlamydia. Cefpodoxime is not recommended for the treatment of pneumes caused by S. Pneumoniae (see the pharmacological part).

Serious hypersensitivity reactions and sometimes death have been reported. In case of severe hypersensitivity reactions, immediately stop treatment with cefpodoxime and have appropriate emergency measures.

Before starting treatment, careful investigation of the patient's allergic history with cefpodoxime, cephalosporin, penicillin or other beta-lactam. Precautions when used if Cefpodoxime is used for patients with a history of hypersensitivity, not serious with other beta-lactam.

In case of severe renal failure, it may be necessary to reduce the dosage depending on creatinine clearance (see the dose part).

Fake colitis and fake colitis are seen in most antibiotics including cefpodoxime and can fluctuate in mild to life -threatening levels. So consider this diagnosis in diarrhea patients during or after using Cefpodoxime is very important. Discontinue treatment with cefpodoxime and specific treatment for Clostridium difficile should be considered. Do not use intestinal inhibitors.

Be cautious when using Cefpodoxime in patients with a history of gastrointestinal diseases, especially colitis.

As with all beta-lactam antibiotics, leukemia and rarely grain leukemia can develop especially during prolonged treatment. In case of treatment lasting more than 10 days, blood formula should be monitored and stopped if there is leukopenia.

Cephalosporin can be absorbed on the surface of the red blood cell membrane and reacts with antibodies directly against the drug. This can create positive Coombs test and rarely hemolytic anemia. Cross reactions can occur with penicillin for this reaction.

Changes in renal function have been observed with cephalosporin antibiotics, especially when used simultaneously with drugs that can poison the kidneys such as aminoglycosides and/or drugs that are likely to diuretic. In such a case, kidney function should be monitored.

The prolonged use of Cefpodoxime can lead to excessive development of non -sensitive organisms (Candida and Clostridium difficile), which may require stopping treatment.

Safety and effectiveness of drugs have not been determined for children under 2 months of age.

A false positive reaction with glucose in urine can occur with copper reducing tests (tested with Benedict, Fehling solution) but there will be no false positive when testing with enzymes.

The use of Cefpodoxime is related to positive Coombs tests that can affect diagonal blood reactions.

Aspartame -containing drug, which is a source of phenylalanine: may be harmful to people with urinary phenylceton. White sugar drugs: Be cautious when used in people who do not tolerate some types of sugar.

The effect of the drug on the ability to drive and operate machinery

If you feel dizzy, headache after taking this medication, do not drive or operate machinery.

Use drugs for women during pregnancy and lactation

Pregnancy

should only take this medication during pregnancy when there is a doctor's opinion. If you find pregnancy during treatment, consult your doctor to see whether to continue the treatment or not.

Breastfeeding period

cefpodoxime is excreted into breast milk with low concentrations. Can breastfeeding in case of this medication. However, if your baby has digestive disorders (diarrhea, candidiasis) or skin rash, stop breastfeeding or stop taking this medication and quickly consult your doctor.

Always consult a doctor or pharmacist before taking any drug during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Interactive drug

antihistamine H2 and antacids that reduce the bioavailability of cefpodoxime, so these drugs should be taken after using cefpodoxime 2-3 hours. Live.

Storage

Leave a cool place, avoid light, temperatures below 30⁰C.

To be out of reach of children, read the instructions carefully before use.

Other drugs

Disclaimer

Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Drugslib.com is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Drugslib.com information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Drugslib.com does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Drugslib.com's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Drugslib.com's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners.

The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Drugslib.com does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Drugslib.com provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.