Clorpheniramin 4mg khapharco treatments for allergic rhinitis, year -round and urticaria (10 blisters x 20 tablets)

Dosage form Tablet
Specifications Box of 10 blisters x 20 tablets
Ingredient Chlorpheniramin Maleat

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Chlorpheniramin Maleat	4mg

Uses

indications

Clorpheniramin drugs are used to treat allergic and year -round allergic rhinitis, urticaria.

Pharmacokology

ATC code: R06AB04. Pharmacological group: antihistamine h.

Clorpheniramine is a mixture of optical anti -anti -histamine, average sedatives but can also be stimulated in play, especially in young children and Muscarin resistance.

Clorpheniramin Maleat, which is derived from Alkylamin, is the anti -sedative resistance of the first generation. A dextro of the drug is dexclorpheniramin that works 2 times stronger.

As most of other histamine resistance, chlorpheniramine reduces or loses the main effect of histamine in the body by competing in the hypotrusic hypotramine in H, the tissues on the digestive tract, vascular and respiratory tract; The drug does not lose the activity of histamine or prevent synthesis or release histamine.

Clorpheniramin Maleat is used to treat symptoms of allergies such as urticaria, angioedema, allergic rhinitis, allergic and itching. The drug is a common ingredient in many preparations to treat coughs and colds. However, these
products must be used carefully in children and often have to avoid for children under 2 years old, because of the risk of death.

Dynamic pharmacokinetics

absorption: Clorpheniramin absorbs well but is relatively slow because the drug is highly metabolized in the gastrointestinal mucosa and initially metabolic in the liver when drinking and appearing in plasma within 30-60 minutes. The peak concentration of plasma is about 2.5 - 6 hours after drinking. About 25 - 45% of the drug is circulating in the form of non -metabolic drugs. Low bioavailability, reaching 25-50%.

About 70% of the medication is associated with protein.

Distribution: The distribution volume is about 2.5 - 3.2 liters/kg (adults), and 3.8 liters/kg (children).

Metabolism: Chlorpheniramin Maleat fast and highly metabolized. The metabolites include Desmethyl-Didesmethyl-Clorpheniramin and some unknown substances, one or more of them are active. The concentration of chlorpheniramine in serum is not correlated in accordance with the antihistamine effect because there is an unknown metabolite that also works. The effect time lasts from 4 - 6 hours, shorter than expected compared to the pharmacokinetics parameters.

Elimination: The drug is excreted in unchanged or metabolic urine, the excretion depends on the pH and the urine flow. Reduce a lot of excretion when pH and urine flow decrease. Only a small amount is seen in the feces. Adults have a normal liver and kidney function, chlorpheniramin's exhaust time ranges from 12 to 43 hours and for children from 5.2 - 23.1 hours. In patients with chronic renal failure, the sale time lasts up to 280 - 330 hours.

Before taking Clorpheniramin 4mg khapharco treatments for allergic rhinitis, year -round and urticaria (10 blisters x 20 tablets)

How to use

oral medication, drink at full, before going to bed. The dosage is used depending on the response and tolerance of each patient

Dosage

Adults and children over 12 years: Take 4 mg 4 - 6 hours/time. Maximum 24 mg/ day (maximum elderly people 12 mg/ day).

Children from 6 - 12 years old: 2 mg, 4-6 hours/ time. Maximum 12 mg/day.

Not recommended for children under 6 years old.

There is no special requirement on drug treatment after use.

Note: The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.What to do when using overdose?

Dosage of chlorpheniramine is about 25 - 50 mg/kg body weight.

Symptoms of overdose: Sleeping a lot, inverse stimulation often TKTW, mental disorders, seizures, apnea, convulsions, anti -muscarin effects, hypertonic rebel reactions and cardiovascular collapse, arrhythmia.

Management: Treatment of symptoms and supporting life function, especially paying special attention to liver, kidney, respiratory, heart and water balance, electrolyte. Gastric or vomiting with ipecacuanha syrup. After that, use activated carbon and bleach to limit absorption. When experiencing hypotension and arrhythmia, it should be actively treated. It is possible to treat convulsions with intravenous diazepam or phenytoin veins. May have to be blood transfusion in heavy cases.

What to do when you forget 1 dose? However, if the time to relax with the next dose is too short, skip the dose and continue the calendar of the drug. Do not use double dose to compensate for missed dose.

Side Effects

When using the dose of treatment, the most common ADR is drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, loss of movement and anti -Muscarin effect, these ADRs usually go away after a few days of treatment. Children and the elderly are very sensitive to Muscarin resistance.

Common, ADR> 1/100

Neurological: Inhibiting the TKTW: Sleep from light to deep sleep, fatigue, dizziness, loss of coordination (sometimes stimulating paradoxical, especially in young children, high doses in the elderly or children).

headache, mental disorders - movement.

Muscarin resistant effects: dry mouth, dense phlegm, open look, urinary retention, constipation, increased stomach reflux.

rarely, 1/1000

Digestive: Nausea, vomiting, melting, epigastric pain.

Heart: Brushing chest drum, arrhythmia.

DA: rash, sensitive reaction (bronchospasm, angioedema and anaphylaxis).

rare, ADR

Hematology: granulocytosis, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia.

Other ADR: convulsions, sweating, muscle pain, paresthesia, extras, sleep disorders, depression, confusion, tinnitus, hypotension, hair loss.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

contraindicated

Chlorpheniramine drugs are contraindicated in the following cases:

Hypersensitivity to chlorpheniramin or any ingredients of the drug. The patient has symptoms of prostate hypertrophy.

Be cautious when used

The drug contains lactose, so patients with rare genetic disorders in galactose tolerance, Lactose Lapp deficiency or Glucose-Galactose absorption disorders should not use this drug.

The drug contains Tartrazin color excipients so it can cause allergies.

Due to the anti -Muscarin effect should be cautious when used for prostate hypertrophy, urinary obstruction, duodenal pylorus, and worsen myasthenia gravis.The sedative effect of chlorpheniramine increases when drinking alcohol and when used simultaneously with other sedatives.

There is a risk of respiratory complications, respiratory decline and apnea, in people with pulmonary obstruction or children. Must be cautious when chronic lung disease, shortness of breath or shortness of breath, bronchial asthma.

There is a risk of tooth decay in patients treated for a long time, due to anti -muscarin secretion, causing dry mouth.

The drug can cause chicken sleep, dizziness, dizziness, blurring, and mental impairment in some patients and can seriously affect the ability to drive or operate the machine. Need to avoid being used for people who are driving or operating machinery,

Avoid using patients with glaucoma as glaucoma.

Use medication carefully with the elderly (> 60 years old) because these people often increase sensitivity to Muscarin resistance.

Children are very sensitive to unwanted effects and can cause nervous irritation, so it is very cautious when using chlorpheniramin for these patients, especially in children with a history of epilepsy.

Use drugs for pregnant or lactating women

Pregnant women: Only for pregnant women when really necessary. Using drugs in the last 3 months of pregnancy can lead to serious reactions (such as epilepsy) in infants.

Lactating women: Clorpheniramin can be secreted through breast milk and inhibit milk. Because antihistamine drugs can cause serious reactions to breastfed babies, it is necessary to consider or not breastfeed or do not take the drug, depending on the level of the medication for the mother.

The effect of the drug on the ability to drive and operate machinery

The drug can cause chicken sleep, dizziness, dizziness, blurred vision, and mental impairment in some patients and can seriously affect the ability to drive or operate the machine. Need to avoid being used for people who are driving or operating machinery.

Interactive drug

Monoamine oxydase inhibitors prolonged and increased anti -secretion effect of acetylcholine of antihistamine drugs.

ethanol or sedative drugs can increase the inhibition effect of the TKTW system of chlorpheniramin.

chlorpheniramine inhibits phenytoin metabolism and can lead to phenytoin poisoning. CYP3A4 inhibitors such as: dasatinib, pramilintid increases the concentration or effect of chlorpheniramin.

Medicines reduce the effects of cholinesterase inhibitors and betahistidin.

Patients taking Monoamine inhibitors Oxidase (Mao) within 14 days, up to the time of treatment with chlorpheniramine because of the anti -muscarin properties of Clopheramine increased by Mao inhibitors.

Storage

Leave a cool place, avoid light, temperature below 30⁰C.

To be out of reach of children.

Other drugs

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