Eastern Mumcal 500mg oral solution for pregnant women (20 pipes x 10ml)

Dosage form Oral solution
Specifications Box 4 blister x 5 tubes x 10ml
Ingredient Calcium lactate

Ingredient

Thành phần cho 10ml

Composition information	Content
Calcium lactate	500mg

Uses

Indications

Calcium salts are used as a source of calcium cation to supplement or prevent calcium decline in moderate but not calcium -eating patients.

Conditions may be associated with calcium deficiency including hypoglycemia, gastric acid deficiency, chronic diarrhea, vitamin D deficiency, fat, bowel inflammation, pregnancy and lactation, menopause, pancreatitis, renal impairment, alkaline infection, and strict management of drugs (for example, some diuretics, anti -convulsions), sometimes can lead to reduction in calcium calcium.

Calcium should be used in a long -term electrolyte replacement regimen and are also proposed for the regular prophylaxis of reducing blood calcium in citrate blood transfusion.

Managing calcium salts should not prevent the use of other measures to overcome the basic cause of calcium decline.

Pharmacological

calcium is necessary for maintaining nerve function, muscle and skeletal system, cell membrane and penetrating ability. The cation is important in many enzyme reaction chains and is necessary to some physiological processes such as neuromatic spread, myocardial, skeletal muscle contraction, kidney function, respiration and blood clotting.

Calcium also plays a role in releasing and storing neurotransmitters and hormones, in the absorption of vitamin B12 and in gastric secretion.

There is evidence that there is an opposite relationship between calcium and blood pressure. The addition of calcium may be associated with reducing blood pressure in healthy young people and healthy pregnant women and a few patients with high blood pressure. However, the research needs to assess the role of calcium in adjusting blood pressure.

calcium accounts for 1-2% of adult body weight and more than 99% of the total calcium of the body is found in bones and teeth. Calcium is also present in the blood, extracellular fluid, muscle and other tissues where it has an intermediate role in the structure of the circuits, muscle structure, neurotransmission and excretory glands.

calcium is the main component of the bone in the form of hydroxyapatite, about 40% of bone mass. Bone is functional tissue, it is constantly being released fire and constantly forming bones, with division, reorganization (degeneration and new bone formation) each year. The formation exceeds the degeneration in the development stage of children, balanced in healthy adults.

The formation of new bones is slow in menopause and the elderly in both men and women. The rate of bone adjustment from the cerebral cortex can be up to 50% high per year in young people and about 5% in elderly people with bone porous formation 5 times more than in the elderly.

The skeleton formed from accumulating calcium through training and providing calcium affects the amount of skeleton. It is unclear how the absorption of calcium practicing how does the benefits of bones have the relationship between reducing blood estrogen concentration in the blood that changes the amount of calcium in the body.

Reducing menopausal exercise leads to reduced maintenance of calcium levels and reducing bone volume, anorexia syndrome when menopausal leads to reduced calcium absorption, increased calcium secretion through the urinary tract and reduces the rate of bone formation when compared to menopausal women.

Reducing estrogen production in menopausal women increases the rate of reduced bone weight by about 3% year. Reducing estrogen levels associated with reducing calcium absorption efficiency and increasing bone degeneration. It is still not clear that estrogen mechanism on calcium in the skeleton and intestinal tract.

A experiment to learn the response of the skeleton to supplementing calcium in premenopausal and postmenopausal women shows that the introduction of calcium into the body does not prevent the rapid bone porous occurring in the first five years after menopause and also shows that providing calcium as required for women does not appear accurate changes to menopause.

The calcium response of the cerebral cortex appears at a lower level in menopause than the porous condition of the bone. The demand for calcium in vegetarians increases because of the negative effects from oxalate and phytat (present at high concentrations in dieters) on biological calcium.

For lactose intolerant individuals often avoid using dairy products, the main source of calcium in the US and Canada can deficiency of calcium.

However, there is no evidence that lactose intolerance affects calcium needs, thereby negatively affecting the provision of calcium to the body.

Pharmacokinetics

absorption

Calcium absorption is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract due to active transportation and passive diffusion. Calcium is proactive in the duodenum and close to the colon, a small range connecting the farther section of the small intestine.

The level of absorption depends on a number of factors, calcium is not completely absorbed in the intestine.

The absorption part is found, calcium is ion solute, the intestinal absorption efficiency can increase when the amount of calcium is put into fire, during pregnancy and breastfeeding when calcium demand is higher than normal.

However, the decrease in blood calcium - Causes by the deficiency of the hormone of the parathyroid gland or vitamin D, the absorption of calcium will decrease.

When the calcium concentration in serum increases, the parathyroid hormone activates the negative backward effect, the result reduces calcium absorption. Vitamin D with its active forms must be available for calcium absorption and increase the ability of the absorption mechanism.

Active transportation of calcium into the intestinal cell and out through the walls of the intestinal mucosa depends on the activity of the active vitamin D (1.25-dihydroxyvitamin d) and the intestinal receptors.

This mechanism is ideal for most calcium absorption in the gastrointestinal tract by low and moderate levels of body.

Calcium also diffuses passive between intestinal mucosa cells, depending on the tendency of the elegant membrane concentration of the ion: the importance of passive diffusion increases with high calcium.

The important meaning of passive diffusion when the amount of calcium is put into the body, the intestinal pH is acidic is necessary for calcium ionization, so the pH level hinders the absorption.

Oral bioavailability of calcium from non -food sources and sources depends on the intestine pH, whether or not to use meals and dosage.

With calcium 250mg provided by standard breakfast, medium oral bioavailability in adults and about 25-35% compared to other salt forms. Under similar conditions of milk absorption from milk at about 29%.

Calcium absorption will be reduced when used with food.

The amount of calcium absorbed from the appendages is best for calcium doses provided by about 500mg or lower.

The calcium absorption will vary depending on the age, the highest in the newborn period (about 60%), reduced to 28% in young children and increased again during early puberty (about 34%), the absorption is kept 25% in adulthood.

Despite increasing during the last 3 months of pregnancy. When aging, the absorption will decrease, the decrease to an average of 0.21% annually in women after menopause. The similar decline in absorption also encountered the aging of men.

Slow absorption by some ions (such as oxalates, phytates, sulfates ...) and fatty acids in precipitation or complicated calcium ions. Thus, calcium can be absorbed poorly by foods rich in oxalic acid (spinach, sweet potato, charming tree, beans) or phytic acid (not fermented bread, young beans, seeds, nuts, paddy, soy). Although soy contains a high amount of phytic acid, the absorption of calcium is closely related to this food.

Glucocorticoids and low concentrations in the serum of calcitonin can reduce calcium absorption.

The absorption of calcium decreases in patients with infection such as gastric acidosis, kidney dystrophy, fertilizer, urea. Providing calcium salt and intramuscular, intravenously absorbed intravenously into the bloodstream.

Calcium salt in intravenously, fetal calcium level 1 increases almost immediately and returns to the original value of about 30 minutes to 2 hours.

Distribution

After being absorbed by calcium into the outskirts, first and then quickly combine closely into the bone tissue.

However, it does not stimulate the medication that contains calcium to form bone. The bone contains 99% of the body's calcium, the remaining 1% is similarly distributed between internal and extracellular fluid. Normally, the total serum calcium level is about 9 - 10.4mg/dl (4.5 - 5.2 Meq/) but only the amount of calcium ion is creating physiological activity. The inevitable serum calcium does not accurately show the total amount of calcium calcium. The amount of calcium of the whole body may be reduced due to hindering by blood calcium and blood calcium loss that can appear even if the whole body calcium phenomenon is increased. In total serum calcium level of 50% in the form of ions and 5% in a complex form, phosphate, citrate and other ions.

About 45% of serum calcium is linked to plasma proteins, changing 1 g/dL of serum albumin, serum calcium concentration, body serum levels change 0.8 mg/dL (0.04 MEQ/DL).

Hemorrhagic hypergension is combined with an increase in total serum levels.

In decreased blood protein, the total serum calcium concentration is reduced. The result reduces acid in an increase in calcium ionic concentration, while promoting alkali decrease in serum ionic concentration.

Calcium concentration in cerebrospinal fluid is about 50% of serum calcium concentration and reflects serum calcium ionic concentration. Calcium passes through the placenta and achieves higher fetal blood levels than in the mother's blood, calcium is distributed in milk.

Elimination

cali is excreted mainly in feces and includes calcium that is not absorbed and excreted by the surface and pancreatic fluid into the heart of the intestinal tract.

Most of the amount of calcium is filtered through glomerular and is reabsorbed in the hovering tube of the Henle strap, the nearby tube and the distance.

Only a small amount of positive ions is excreted into the urine. The hormone of the parathyroid gland, vitamin D, thiaziad diuretic reduces the secretion of calcium urine, while other diuretics, calcitonin and growth hormones increase the excretion through the kidneys of positive ions.

The excretion of urinary tract of calcium decreases with a decrease in serum calcium ionic but also increases when serum calcium concentration increases.

For healthy adults with normal diet, the excretion of the urinary tract of calcium can be about 250 - 300mg daily.

With a poor diet, urinary secretion usually does not exceed 150mg daily. The excretion of urinary tract of calcium urinary tract decreases during pregnancy and the early stages of renal failure.

The excretion of calcium sub -lines decreases with age possible because the physiological ability decreases in the intestinal absorption efficiency in the intestine, along with the decrease of calcium filtration.

endogenous calcium excreted by fecal lines change significantly with age. Calcium is also excreted through sweat glands.

Before taking Eastern Mumcal 500mg oral solution for pregnant women (20 pipes x 10ml)

Always consult a doctor or pharmacist before deciding to take the drug.

How to use

Take oral use.

Shake thoroughly before use.

Dosage

Adults: 2 tubes (10ml) x 2-3 times/day.

Children: 1 tube (10ml) x 1-2 times/day.

What to do when overdose? Calcium overdose can cause digestive disorders, but does not lead to hypercalcemia unless there is an overdose of vitamin D.

In case of emergency or overdose, immediately call the 115 emergency center or visit the nearest local health station.

In addition, you need to record and bring the list of drugs you have used, including prescription and non -prescription drugs.

What to do when you forget the dose? However, if close to the next dose, skip the forgotten dose and take the next dose at the time as planned. Do not drink twice as prescribed.

Side Effects

When using the drug, you may experience unwanted effects such as:

In some rare cases, mild digestive disorders such as flatulence, constipation, diarrhea can occur.

Notify the doctor with unwanted effects when using the drug.

Warnings

Contraindicated

contraindicated drugs in the following cases:

Hypertension, severe hyper calcium.

Severe renal failure, blood galactose.

Be cautious when taking drugs

Follow the dose and usage.

Use children with adult supervision.

The ability to drive and operate machinery

because the drug has side effects that cause headaches, dizziness, need to be cautious when used for jobs that require alertness such as driving and operating machinery.

pregnancy and lactation

Controlled studies in women do not show any risk in the fetus when taking the drug in the first 3 months of pregnancy:

There is no sign that the use of drugs is likely to be dangerous in the following months of pregnancy and the ability to adversely affect the fetus is almost none.

during pregnancy and breastfeeding should be used according to the recommended dosage. Although calcium supplements are secreted in milk, but with concentrations do not cause any effect in newborns.

Medicinal interaction

Calcium can reduce the absorption capacity of tetracycline or oral Flouride preparations, so if used simultaneously these preparations must be used for about 3 hours.

When used simultaneously, vitamin D increases calcium absorption.

Foods such as vegetables, cereals, milk and dairy products reduce the ability to absorb calcium in the digestive tract.

In patients who are taking digitalis, when taking calcium in high doses may increase the risk of arrhythmia.

Storage

Store drugs at less than 30 ° C, leave a cool dry place, avoid direct light, moisture prevention.

Expiry date: 36 months from the date of manufacture.

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