Eskafolvit Capsule Eskayef prevents and treats anemia due to iron deficiency (15 blisters x 6 tablets)

Folic acid is a vitamin of Group B, in the body, it is reduced to tetrahydrofolate, which is the coenzyme of many metabolic processes including synthesis of nucleotides with Purin or Pyrimidine nuclei; Therefore, it affects DNA synthesis. When vitamin C, folic acid is converted into leucovorin, which is essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. Folic acid is an indispensable factor for nucleoprotein synthesis and normal red blood cells, also involved in some amino acid changes, in format formation and use. Folic acid deficiency causes huge red blood cell anemia like anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is necessary for the formation of collagen, tissue repair in the body and participate in some oxidative - redox reactions. Vitamin C is involved in the metabolism of phenylalanin, tyrosin, folic acid, norepinephrin, histamine, iron and some drug metabolic enzymes, in using carbohydrates, in lipid and protein synthesis, in immune function, in resistance to bacterial infections, in preserving the integrity of blood vessels and in cell respiration. Vitamin C deficiency leads to scorbut disease, including the combined mistagon with the manifestation of healing wounds, defects in teeth structure, capillary rupture causing many spots of bleeding, bruises, bleeding under the skin and mucosa (usually bleeding). Using vitamin C completely loses the symptoms of vitamin C.

Thiamin actually has no pharmacological effects, even at high doses. Thiamin Pyrophosphate, the form of physiological activity, is the carbohydrate metabolic coenzyme, which is responsible for reducing the carboxyl of alpha - cetoacids such as pyruvat and alpha - cetoglutarat and in the use of pentose in the Hexose Monophosphate cycle. Thiamin deficiency will cause Beriberi (edema). Mild deficiency manifests on the nervous system (dry beriberi) such as peripheral neuritis, sensory disorders, can increase or lose sensation. The muscle tone gradually decreases and may cause a limb or paralysis. Severe deficit causes personality, depression, lack of initiative and poor memory as in Wernicke and if the late treatment causes mental rebellion Korsakoff.

riboflavin does not have a clear effect when drinking. Riboflavin is transformed into 2 co -enzymes, Flavin Mononucleotid (FMN) and Flavin Adenin Dinucleotid (FAD), which are the active forms of the enzyme needed for normal respiration of tissue. Riboflavin is also needed for the activation of pyridoxin, the conversion of tryptophan into niacin, and related to the integrity of red blood cells. Riboflavin is in the form of Flavin Nucleotid needed for electronic transportation systems and without riboflavin, it will be rough, slim, dry lips, tongelitis and stomatitis.

pyridoxin hydrochlorid (vitamin B6) exists in three forms: pyridoxal, pyridoxin and pyridoxamin, when entering the body transforms into pyridoxal phosphate and partial into pyridoxamin phosphate, these two substances act as coenzymes in protein metabolism, glucid and lipid. Pyridoxin participates in the synthesis of gamma acid - aminobutyric (GABA) in the central nervous system and participates in the synthesis of hemoglobulin.

In the body, nicotinamid performs function after converting or nicotinamid adenin dinucleotid (NAD) or nicotinamid adenin dinucleotid phosphate (NADP). NAD and NADP have a vital role in metabolism, as an oxidative - reddened catalyst that is necessary for cell respiration, glycogen resolution, and lipid metabolism, in which these coenzymes work as hydrogen transport molecules.

Dynamic pharmacokinetics

Normal iron is absorbed in the duodenum and close head. Because sulfate iron can cause stomach irritation, it is formulated in the intestine. Iron absorption is reduced when there are chelate substances or complex substances in the intestine and increase when there is hydrochloric and vitamin. Therefore, sometimes iron is used in combination with vitamin C. Iron is stored in the body in two forms: ferritin and hemosiderin. About 90% of iron inserted into the body are discharged through feces. Iron absorption depends on the amount of iron reserved, especially ferritin, in the intestinal mucosa and on the body's red blood cell speed. Sometimes folic acid is added to iron (II) sulfate to use for pregnant women to prevent huge red blood cell anemia. Combining folic acid with iron has a good effect on anemia during pregnancy than using a single substance.

Folic acid released rapidly in the stomach and absorbed mainly at the beginning of the small intestine. Folic acid in normal diet is absorbed very quickly and distributed in tissues in the body. The drug is stored mainly in the liver and is actively focused in cerebrospinal fluid. Every day about 4 - 5 micrograms eliminate through urine. Drink high -dose folic acid causes vitamins eliminated through urine to increase in proportion. Folic acid passes through the placenta and is in breast milk.

Vitamin C is easily absorbed after drinking; However, absorption is a positive process and may be limited after huge doses. In normal human research, only 50% of a dose of 1.5 g vitamin C is absorbed. Absorbing vitamin C in the stomach - intestines may be reduced in diarrhea or gastric disease. Vitamin C is widely distributed in body tissues. About 25% of vitamin C in plasma combined with protein. Vitamin C oxygen - chemical reversible into dehydroorscorbic acid. A little vitamin C converted into non -activity compounds including ascorbic acid - 2 - sulfate and oxalic acid excreted in urine. The amount of vitamin C exceeding the needs of the body is also quickly excreted into urine in the form of unchanged. This usually happens when the amount of vitamin C is imported daily exceeds 200 mg.

Thiamin absorption in daily eating through the gastrointestinal tract is due to the positive transportation of Na+; When Thiamin concentration in the digestive tract is highly passive diffusion. Thiamin absorbed well from the gastrointestinal tract after drinking, however, high doses are limited. After intramuscular injection, Thiamin is also quickly absorbed, distributed into most tissues and milk. In adults, about 1 mg of Thiamin is completely struck every day in tissues, and this is the minimum amount of daily need. When absorbed at this low level, there are very little or no thiamin excreted through the urine. When absorbed beyond the minimum demand, Thiamin warehouses in the first tissues are saturated. The excess amount will then be eliminated through the urine in the form of intact thiamin molecules. When thiamin absorption increases further, excretion in the form of unprocessed thiamin will increase.

riboflavin is absorbed mainly in the duodenum. Riboflavin metabolites are distributed throughout the tissue in the body and into milk. A small amount is stored in the liver, spleen, kidney and heart. After drinking, about 60% FAD and FMN attached to plasma proteins. Riboflavin is a water -soluble vitamin, excreted through the kidneys. The amount of putting in excess of the need for the body will be discharged in the form of unchanged urine. Riboflavin is also discharged according to feces. The abdominal fertilizer and artificial dialysis also eliminate riboflavin but slower than excreted the kidneys in people with normal kidney function. Riboflavin has passed the placenta and excreted milk. pyridoxin is quickly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, except for malabsorption syndrome. After injection or oral, the drug is largely reserved in the liver and part of the muscle and brain. Pyridoxin excreted mainly through the kidneys in the form of metabolism. The amount of introduction, if exceeding the daily demand, most excreted in the form of unchanged.

Nicotinamid is quickly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract after drinking and widely distributed into the body tissue. Nicotinic acid is found in human milk. Half of the lifetime of the drug is about 45 minutes. Nicotinamid metabolizes the liver into N - methylnicotinamid, derivatives 2 - pyridon and 4 - pyridon, and also forming nicotinuric. After using nicotinamid in normal doses, only a small amount of nicotinamid excreted into the urine in the form of unchanged; However, when taking large doses, the amount of excretion in the form of unchanged will increase.

Notify the physician with unwanted effects when using the drug.

Caution when using

When anemia, the nature of anemia should be set and the basic cause of anemia should be determined.

Use separate folic acid to treat malignant anemia and other huge cases of red blood cell anemia without vitamin B12 deficiency is incorrect treatment.

Folic acid in multi -vitamin preparations can hide the shortage of vitamin B12.

The effect of the drug on driving and operating machinery

No data.

Use drugs for women during pregnancy and lactation

used for pregnant women:

Because the safety of the drug has not been determined for pregnant women, the drug should only be used during pregnancy when they are really necessary.

Used during breastfeeding:

The drug is excreted in milk. During treatment with this drug, it is recommended to suspend breastfeeding.

Drug interaction

Take oral at the same time with carbonate antacids and magnesium trisilicate, or with tea water can reduce iron absorption.

iron can chelate with tetracyclin and reduce the absorption of both drugs.

Response to iron may be slower if used with chloramphenicol. Iron salts are also recorded reducing absorption and thus reducing the bioavailability and clinical effect of penicillamin, carbidopa/levodopa, methyldopa, quinolones. Do not take iron -containing preparations at the same time or within 2 hours after taking the above drugs.

Eggs, milk reduces iron absorption if used at the same time.