Gentamicin 80mg HDPHARMA injection solution for severe infections (10 tubes x 2ml)

Dosage form Box of 1 blister x 10 tubes
Specifications Gentamicin

Ingredient

Thành phần cho 2ml

Composition information	Content
Gentamicin	80mg

Uses

indications

Gentamycin 80 mg is indicated in the following cases:

Gentamicin is often used in combination with other antibiotics (beta-lactam) to treat systemic bacterial infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria and other sensitive bacteria, including:

Bile bacterial infections: Cholecular inflammation and acute cholecystitis.

Blood infection.

meningitis.

pneumonia.

outer otitis, otitis media.

Inflammation of parts in the sub -frame.

Skin infections such as burns, ulcers.

infection in the abdominal cavity (including peritonitis).

Urinary tract infections (acute pyelonephritis). Gentamicin is coordinated with penicillin in infections caused by intestinal and streptococcal bacteria, or in combination with a blue -bacterial bacon in bacterial bacteria caused by blue pus, or with metronidazol or clindamycin in diseases caused by anaerobic - anaerobic bacteria.

Pharmacokology

Gentamicin Sulfate is an antibiotic of the aminoglycoside group that has bactericidal effects through inhibiting bacterial biosynthesis of bacteria.

Mechanism of action: drugs on sensitive bacterial cells through positive transportation process depend on oxygen. In the drug cell attached to the subunit of 30s and some with the subunit of 50S of sensitive bacterial ribosom, the result causes the bacterial cell membrane to be disabled and thereby inhibit cells to grow.The actual gentamicin antibacterial spectrum includes Gram -negative aerobic bacteria and staphylococcus aureus, including strains producing penicillinase and methicillin resistance.

Gentamicin is less effective for gonorrhea, bronchesis, brain, citrobacter, Providencia and Enterococci. The mandatory anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides, Clostridia are all resistant to Gentamicin.

Dynamic pharmacokinetics

absorption: Gentamicin absorbs quickly and completely after intramuscular injection. Gentamicin is used intravenously or intramuscularly. For patients with normal renal function, after 30 to 60 minutes of injection 1 mg/kg body weight, plasma peak concentration reaches about 4 micrograms/ml, like the posteriority of intravenous injection.

Distribution: The drug is less attached to plasma proteins (less than 30%). Gentamicin diffuse mainly into extracellular fluids and diffuse easily into foreign fluids in.

Metabolism, excretion: half a lifetime of plasma of gentamicin for 2 to 3 hours, but may prolong babies and patients with renal impairment. Gentamicin is not metabolized and eliminated (almost unchanged) into urine through glomerular filtration, in a stable state, at least 70% of the dose is exported to urine for 24 hours and the concentration of urine can exceed 100 micrograms/ml. However, Gentamicin accumulated to some extent in the tissue of the body, especially in the kidney.

Because the distance between the treatment and the toxic dose of Gentamicin is relatively small, therefore requires careful monitoring. The absorption of intramuscular gentamicin can be limited in serious patients such as in shock, reduced perfusion, or in patients with increased cell volume, or reducing the clearance of the kidneys including ascites, cirrhosis, heart failure, malnutrition, burns, viscous mucus and possibly in leukemia.

Before taking Gentamicin 80mg HDPHARMA injection solution for severe infections (10 tubes x 2ml)

How to use

Intravenous or intravenous injection drugs.

This case is mixed with Gentamicin with isothermal natricloride solution or isothermic glucose in the ratio of 1 ml of infusion for 1 mg of Gentamicin. The transmission time lasts from 30 - 60 minutes. For people with normal kidney function, every 8 hours of transmission; In people with kidney failure, the transmission time distance must be longer.

Dosage

with patients with normal kidney function:

intramuscularly according to the instructions of the physician.

Adults: Injecting 2-5mg/kg body weight/day, divided into 2-3 times.

Children: Injecting 3mg/kg body weight/day, divided into 3 times.

Normal dose: adjusted to CLCR as follows:

CLCR> 60 ml/minute: 8 hours/time

ClCR 40 - 46 ml/minute: 12 hours/time

Clcr 20 - 40 ml/minute: 24 hours/time

CLCR

Note: The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.

What to do when overdose?

Overdose:

Kidney toxicity: renal failure, most cases are associated with high doses or prolonged treatment of gentamicin or prolonged treatment.

Inhibits muscle neurotransmitter, which can inhibit respiration and myastheniac.

Processing:

Because there is no specific antidote, overdose treatment or gentamicin toxic reactions are symptomatic and supportive treatment.

The recommended treatments are as follows:

Hematoma or peritoneal separation to remove aminoglycosides from the blood of patients with renal insufficiency.

Use antiviral drugs, calcium salts, or artificial respiration to treat neuromuscular blockers leading to prolonged muscle weakness and respiratory failure or paralysis (apnea) may occur when using two or more aminoglycosides simultaneously. However, if close to the next dose, skip the forgotten dose and take the next dose at the time as planned. Note that it should not be used double the prescribed dose.

Side Effects

When using Gentamycin 80 mg, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).

Common, ADR> 1/100

ears: non -recovery and due to the accumulation of deaf -ear snails, initially with high frequency sound) and the vestibular system (dizziness, dizziness). This toxicity occurs frequently in patients with a history of renal failure or patients who have been treated for a long -term larger doses than the recommended dose.

coordinates: respiratory failure, laryngeal edema, pulmonary fibrosis.

Gastrointestinal tract: Nausea, vomiting, increased salivation, stomatitis.

Cardiovascular: edema.

Kidney: Kidney toxicity has recovered. Acute renal failure, usually mild but also cases of kidney necrosis or interstitial nephritis.

Eye: Injected in the conjunctiva causing pain, congestion and conjunctiva. Injection in the eyes: ischemia in the retina.

Rare, ADR

Body: Anaphylaxis reaction.

liver: liver dysfunction (hyper enzyme, hyperlirubin blood).

Instructions on how to handle ADR

stop using the drug.

must not be used with toxic drugs for hearing and kidneys.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

Contraindications:

Gentamycin 80 mg contraindicated in the following case:

Patients with allergies to Gentamicin and with other aminoglycosides.

Myasthenia.

Be cautious when using

Poisoning with hearing and kidney organs.

All aminoglycosides are toxic to the hearing and kidney. Unexpected effects often occur with elderly patients or with patients with kidney failure.

Need to adjust the dose, carefully monitor the kidney function, hearing, vestibular with the concentration of Gentamicin in the blood in high doses and prolonged users, in children, babies, elderly people and kidney failure.

Patients with kidney dysfunction, hearing disorders ... are at risk of being more toxic to hearing organs. The risk of renal poisoning is seen in people with hypotension or liver or women. In patients, there are many doses of gentamicin in the daily treatment regimen, should adjust the dose to avoid the peak concentration in the blood on 10 micrograms/ml and the bottom concentration (before the next dose) exceeds 2 micrograms/ml.

Allergic reaction.

Allergic reactions may occur after using Gentamicin. A cross -allergy may occur between drugs in aminoglycosides.

used during anesthesia

Extended apnea or secondary apnea should be noticed and monitored when using Gentamicin for patients being anesthetized while using simultaneously with neurotransmitter such as Suxamethonium (Succinylcholine), Tubocurarine or Decamethonium. This is also applied to patients with large amounts of citrate blood.

neuropathy.

Must use very carefully if required in people with severe myasthenia gravis, Parkinson or muscle weakness.

Gentamicin treatment may increase the development of non -sensitive strains. At that time, it is necessary to start treatment with an appropriate method.

Used in children, the elderly:

Be careful when using gentamicin in infants, children, the elderly. The dose adjustments need to be adjusted, monitor the kidney function, hearing, vestibular and gentamicin concentration in the blood.

Be cautious with sodium metabisulfit as an excipient: Precautions when used because it may (rarely) cause hypersensitivity and bronchospasm.

The ability to drive and operate machinery

Do not use drugs while driving or operating machinery.

pregnancy

all aminoglycosides are through the placenta and may cause kidney toxicity to the fetus, which can cause deafness, so it should not be used.

Breastfeeding period

Aminoglycosides are excreted in milk in small amounts, but poorly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and there is no documentation on toxic issues for breastfeeding babies.

Interactive drug

Do not use in combination with kidney toxic drugs including other aminoglycosides, vancomycin and some cephalosporin medications because they increase the risk of toxicity.

The coordination with poison with hearing organs such as ethacrynic acid and Furosemid may increase the risk of toxicity.

When used with biphosphonate, it can cause severe loss of blood calcium.

When used with oral anticoagulants can increase the effect of reducing prothrombin.

When used with Botulium toxin may increase toxicity due to increased neural blockages.

Indomethacin may increase the plasma concentration of aminoglycosides if shared.

Coordinate with anti -vomiting drugs such as Dimehydrinat can cover the first symptoms of vestibular poisoning.

The renal elimination of Zalcitabin may be reduced by aminoglycosides.

Gentamicin inhibits the activity of A-Galactosidase, should not be used simultaneously with Agalsidase Alpha and Agalsidase Beta; BCG vaccine, Gali nitrate, typhoid vaccine.

Gentamicin can increase the effects of the following drugs: Abobotulinumtoxin A, derivatives of bisphosphonate, carboplatin, colistimethate, cycloporin, galium nitrate, onabotulinumtoxina, rimabotulinumtoxinb.The effect of gentamicin can be increased by amphotericin B, capreonmycin, cephalosporin, cisplatin, diuretic pills, nsAID drugs, vancomycin.

The effect of gentamicin may be reduced by penicillin.

Cavalry

Aminoglycosides are inactive by different penicillins and cephalosporins, the level of activity depends on the temperature, concentration and contact time. Gentamicin reacts with alkaline pH or unstable drugs in acid pH. When aminoglycosides are injected with a beta - lactam, it must be injected in different positions.

Storage

A cool place, less than 300C, avoid light.

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