Gentamicin injection solution 80mg/2ml Vidipha treatment of severe infections (10 tubes x 2ml)

Dosage form Box of 1 blister x 10 tubes x 2ml
Specifications Gentamicin

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Gentamicin	80

Uses

indications

Gentamicin 80mg/2ml vidipha is indicated in the following cases:

Gentamicin is often used in combination with other antibiotics (beta - lactam) to treat severe systemic infections caused by Gram -negative bacteria and other sensitive bacteria, including:

Bile bacteria infection (cholecystitis and acute cholecystitis), Brucella infection, bacterial infections in mucus, endocarditis, blood infection, Listeria infection. Infections during surgery and in treatment in patients with immunodeficiency.

Pharmacokology

Gentamicin Sulfate is an antibiotic of the aminoglycoside group that has bactericidal effects through inhibiting bacterial biosynthesis of bacteria.

The actual gentamicin antibacterial spectrum includes Gram -negative aerobic bacteria and staphylococcus aureus, including strains producing penicillinase and methicillin resistance.

Gentamicin is less effective for gonorrhea, streptococcal, steering cells, meningococcal brain, citrobacter, Providencia and Enterococci. The mandatory anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides, Clostridia are all resistant to Gentamicin.

In recent years, the world has paid much attention to the drug resistance for Gentamicin. In Vietnam the strains of E. Aerogenes, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, blue pus bacillus has been resistant to Gentamicin. But Gentamicin still works with H.influenzae, Shigella Flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus, S.Pidermidis Special Staphylococcus Saprophyticus, Salmonella Typhi and E.coli.

pharmacokinetics

Gentamicin is not absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract.

Gentamicin is used intravenously or intramuscularly. For patients with normal renal function, after 30-60 minutes of injection 1 dose of 1 mg/kg body weight, plasma peak concentration reaches about 4 micrograms/ml, like the concentration of postal infusion. The drug is less attached to plasma proteins. Gentamicin diffuse mainly into extracellular fluids and diffuse easily into foreign fluids in.

The half -life of Gentamicin plasma from 2-3 hours, but may last in infants and patients with renal impairment. Gentamicin has not been metabolized and eliminated (almost unchanged) into urine through the glomerular filter. In a stable state, at least 70% of the dosage is exported to urine for 24 hours and the concentration of urine can exceed 100 micrograms/ml.

However, gentamicin accumulates to some extent in the tissue of the body, especially in the kidneys. Because the gap between the treatment dose and the toxic dose of Gentamicin is relatively small, therefore requires careful monitoring.

Injecting Gentamicin absorption can be restricted in serious patients such as shock, reduced perfusion, or in patients with increased cell volume, or 0470 reducing the clearance of the kidneys including ascites, cirrhosis, heart failure, malnutrition, burning, viscous dance and may be in leukemia.

Before taking Gentamicin injection solution 80mg/2ml Vidipha treatment of severe infections (10 tubes x 2ml)

How to use

Gentamicin 80mg/2ml Vidipha used by injection.

Dosage

often used intramuscularly. Do not use subcutaneous injection because of the risk of skin necrosis. When intramuscularly, it is possible to use non -continuous intravenous infusion.

In this case, the Gentamicin phase with sodium chloride or glucose solution is over the rate of 1 ml of transmission for 1 mg of Gentamicin. The transmission time lasts from 30 - 60 minutes. For patients with normal kidney function, every 8 hours; In people with kidney failure, the transmission time distance must be longer.

Dosage must be adjusted depending on the condition and age of the patient.

In patients with normal kidney function:

Adults: 3mg/kg/day, divided into 2-3 times intramuscularly.

Children: 3mg/kg/day, divided into 3 intramuscular times (1 mg/kg/time, 8 hours).

Patients with renal impairment: need to adjust the dose, regular monitoring of kidney function, snail function and vestibular function, and must check the concentration of drugs in serum (if the condition is allowed).

How to adjust the dose according to serum creatinine concentration:

Can hold a single dose of 1 mg/kg and extend the distance between the injection times. The distance between 2 injections = serum creatinine value (mg/liter) x 0.8.

or can keep the distance between 2 injections is 8 hours, but reducing the dose. In this case. After injection, 1 dose is 1 mg/kg. Every 8 hours later, 1 dose has been reduced by dividing the dosage to one part of 10 (1/10) of serum creatinine (mg/liter).

How to adjust the dose according to endogenous creatinine clearance:

The starting dose is 1mg/kg.

The next dose is injected every 8 hours and is calculated by the formula: 1mg/ kg x The patient's creatinine clearance value. Normal value of creatinine clearance (100).

The values of creatinine clearance are eliminated by ml/min.

In case of periodic hemorrhage: intravenous intravenous injection 1 mg/kg at the end of this session.

Case of peritoneal separation: The starting dose of 1 mg/kg intramuscularly. While the separation, the losses are compensated by adding 5 - 10 mg of Gentamicin to 1 liter of the cup.

Note: The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.What to do when overdose?

The recommended treatment is as follows:

Hematomopiaiasia or peritoneal separation to remove aminoglycosides from the blood of patients with renal insufficiency.

Use antacistase drugs, calcium salts, or artificial respiratory tracts to treat neuromuscular blockers, leading to prolonged muscle weakness and respiratory failure or paralysis (apnea) may occur when using two or more aminoglycosides.

What to do when forgetting a dose?

Side Effects

When using Gentamicin 80mg/2ml Vidipha, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).

Frequently encountered 1/100

Poisoning in non -recovery and due to the accumulation of the initial deaf ear snails with high frequency sound) and the vestibular system (dizziness, dizziness).

Few 1/1000

Single -born infection. Acute renal failure, usually mild but also cases of kidney necrosis or interstitial nephritis.

Inhibition of neurotransmitters, in some cases of respiratory failure and muscle paralysis.

Injected in the conjunctiva causing pain, congestion and conjunctiva.

Injection in the eyes: ischemia in the retina.

Rare 1/10000

Anaphylactic reaction.

Liver dysfunction (hyper enzyme, hyperlirubin blood).

Instructions on how to handle ADR:

Notify the doctor with unwanted effects when using the drug.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

contraindicated

Gentamicin 80mg/2ml Vidipha is contraindicated in the following cases:

Hypersensitivity to antibiotics aminoglycosides or any ingredients in the formula.

Myasthenia.

Be cautious when using

all aminoglycosides are toxic to hearing and kidneys.

Unexpected effects often occur in elderly patients and/or with patients with renal failure. It is necessary to be carefully monitored for patients treated in high doses or long -term, for children, the elderly and the kidney failure, in them, the dose is needed.

When treating people with personality disorders.

Patients with kidney dysfunction, hearing disorders because of the risk of toxicity to the hearing organ.

Must use very carefully if required in people with severe myasthenia gravis, Parkinson or muscle weakness.

The risk of renal poisoning is seen in people with hypotension, or liver or women.

Be cautious when used because the ingredient containing methylparaben can cause specific allergic reactions (may occur slowly) and bronchospasm.

The ability to drive and operate machinery

Precautions when taking the drug.

Pregnancy

all aminoglycosides are through the placenta and may cause kidney toxicity for the fetus. With Gentamicin that has not had a complete research on humans, but because other aminoglycosides can cause deafness to the fetus, it is necessary to consider benefits and harm when using Gentamicin in life -threatening or serious diseases that other drugs cannot be used or non -effective.

Lactation period

Aminoglycosides are excreted into milk in small amounts. However, aminoglycosides, including gentamicin, are poorly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and have no documentation about toxic issues for breastfed babies.

Drug interaction

simultaneously used with kidney toxic drugs such as other aminoglycosides, vancomycin, some cephalosporin medications, or with relatively toxic drugs with hearing organs such as ethacrynic acid and can be Furosemid; The drugs that have a neurotransmitter effect will increase the risk of toxicity.

Indomethacin may increase plasma concentrations of aminoglycosides if used.

Used with anti -vomiting drugs such as dimenhydrinat can cover the first symptoms of vestibular poisoning.

Storage

In a dry place, the temperature does not exceed 30 ° C, avoiding light.

Other drugs

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