Ha Nam Sallet solution for bronchial asthma treatment, bronchospasm (100ml)

ATC code: R03CC02

Salbutamol is a selective sympathetic β2 owner. At the dose of treatment it works on the receptor β2 sympathetic bronchi, bronchiectasis in a short time (4-6 hours).

Salbutamol stimulates the beta-adrenergic receptors and does not have or have very little effect on the alpha receptor. Beta-commenergic agreements stimulate the production of AMP ring (Camp) with the adenyl cyclase enzyme activation. Camp increases in cells that increase the activity of protein kinase A dependent on Camp should inhibit myosin phosphorylation and reduce intracellular calcium concentration, leading to smooth muscle dilatation.

Increasing the concentration of intracellular camps also inhibits the release of intermediate substances from the airway in the airway. Salbutamol has a stronger stimulation effect on the beta-adrenergic receptors on the smooth muscle of the bronchi, uterus and blood vessels (beta2 receptors) compared to the effect on the beta-adrenergic receptors on the heart (beta 1 receptor). However, the number of beta2 receptors on the heart accounts for 10 - 50%.

The main effect after taking salbutamol is bronchodilator due to smooth muscle relaxation from trachea to the end of the bronchi; The drug also has weak peripheral vasodilation effects and can reduce the diastolic blood pressure.

pharmacokinetic

absorption

After taking a single dose of oral solution 4mg Salbutamol for healthy adults, the peak concentration in plasma achieved 18 nanogam/ml. Salbutamol Sulfate absorbs fast and good after drinking. Salbutamol peak plasma peaks achieved within 2 hours. Bronchodilions begin for 30 minutes after drinking, maximum effect of 2-3 hours and can last up to 6 hours.

Distribution

Research on animals shows that Salbutamol through blood-flabby barriers, the concentration of the brain reaches about 5% of plasma concentrations. In the glands outside the blood - brain barrier (glands, yen), the drug reaches a concentration of 100 times the concentration of the whole brain. Salbutamol through the placenta but it is not clear whether to get into breast milk.

Metabolism

salbutamol through initial metabolism in the liver and maybe even in the intestinal wall but not metabolic in the lungs; Salbutamol conversion initially forms 4'-O-Sulfate form (Phenolic Sulfate) inactive.

Elimination

Salbutamol is excreted quickly, mainly through urine in the form of metabolic and non -metabolic; A small percentage of elimination through feces. The majority of salbutamol after drinking is excreted for 72 hours. Oral bioavailability of Salbutamol reaches about 50%.

Be cautious when used

Bronchodilators should not be the only treatment or in severe or unstable asthma patients. Severe asthma requires regular disease assessments, including lung function tests, because patients are at risk of serious exacerbations and even death. Doctors should consider using oral corticosteroids or maximum recommended dose of inhaled corticosteroids in these patients.

Patients should consult a doctor if the treatment with oral oral solution is less effective.

Dosage or number of use only increased when consulting a doctor.

Increasing the use of bronchodilators, especially β2 stimulating groups to reduce symptoms showing a decrease in the effectiveness of asthma management. Patients should be instructed to seek medical advice if treated with bronchodilators becomes less effective.

In this case, patients should be re -evaluated and considered the need to enhance the treatment of inflammation (for example, a higher dose of inhaled or oral corticosteroids. The exacerbation of severe asthma needs to be treated in normal ways).

Patients should be warned that if the degree of mitigation or the duration of the effect of the drug after use is reduced, do not arbitrarily increase the dose or increase the number of uses but should consult a doctor.

Cardiovascular side effects may appear when using sympathetic drugs, including salbutamol. There have been reports on the rare case of myocardial ischemia when using Salbutamol. Patients with severe heart disease (such as: ischemia, arrhythmia or severe heart failure) that are using salbutamol should be warned that they need to consult a doctor when they have chest pain or symptoms of heart disease. Pay attention to the assessment of symptoms such as shortness of breath and chest pain, as they may be due to respiratory or heart.

Salbutamol should be used carefully for patients with armor poisoning.

Dynamic owners β2 can cause hypokalemia. Especially need to be cautious in case of severe acute asthma because this effect can increase by oxygen deficiency and simultaneous use with Xanthin and Steroid derivatives. In such situations, serum potassium levels need to be monitored.

Like other β-adrenoceptor-controlled hosts, salbutamol may increase blood sugar. There have been cases where diabetic patients may not be able to compensate for hyperglycemia and acid keratical infection. Simultaneous use with corticosteroids can increase this effect.

Using drugs for pregnant or lactating women 2>

Pregnant women

Using drugs for pregnant women is only considered when the benefits of treatment are greater than the possibility of harm to the fetus.

breastfeeding women

Because salbutamol can excrete in breast milk and do not know if the drug is harmful to breastfeeding or not. Therefore, do not use medication for breastfeeding women unless the benefits of treatment are greater than the ability to damage breastfeeding.

fertility

There is no information on the impact of salbutamol on human fertility. There is no side effects on animal fertility.

The effect of the drug on driving and operating machinery

There is no evidence of the effect of the drug on driving and operating machinery.

Drug interaction

Oral salbutamol preparations and unsatisfactory beta blockers, such as propranolol should not be used together.