Keppra 500mg GSK tablets treat local seizures (6 blisters x 10 tablets)

Dosage form Box of 6 blisters x 10 tablets
Specifications Levetiracetam

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Levetiracetam	500mg

Uses

Indications

Keppra 500mg drug is indicated in the following cases:

levetiracetam is indicated for treatment for treatment:

The local seizures have or not have secondary secondary and adults in adults and teenagers aged 16 and older to be diagnosed with epilepsy.

Local sperm episodes with or without mucus in secondary people, adolescents and children 4 years of age and older suffering from epilepsy.

Muscle seizures in adults and teenagers aged 12 years and older suffer from teenage epilepsy.

Summoning all -of -the -elevation of convulsions in people and teenagers aged 12 years and older suffered from non -radical epilepsy.

Pharmacy

active ingredient Levetiracetam is the derivative of pyrrolidone.

The mechanism of action of Levetiracetam has not been fully explained. In vitro studies show that Levetiracetam acts on the concentration of shift in neurons by inhibiting a part of Ca2+ type N and reducing Ca2+ release from sources of nerve cell reserves.

In addition, the drug also partially recovers the reduction of ions through the glycine and GABA ports caused by zinc and beta - carboline.

In humans, the drug works in both local epilepsy and the whole has confirmed the broad -spectral pharmacological characteristics of levetiracetam.

pharmacokinetic

absorption

levetiracetam is quickly absorbed after drinking. Absolute oral bioavailability reaches nearly 100%. The level of absorption does not depend on the dose and is not affected by food. The peak concentration in plasma CMAX reaches 1.3 hours after drinking.

Distribution

both levetiracetam and its main metabolites are not significantly connected to plasma proteins (

Metabolism

The main metabolic path (24% of IIA) has hydrated acetamide with yeast. The isomers of cytochrome P450 liver enzymes are not involved in the process of creating main metabolites, UCB L057. The two auxiliary metabolites have also been determined. A substance obtained by hydroxyl, chemical pyrolidone ring (1.6% of the dose) and the remaining substance obtained by the pyrrolidone ring tissue (0.9% of the dose).

Elimination

Average body clearance is 0.96ml/min/kg. The main elimination road is through the urinary road, accounting for the average 95% of the dose. Only 0.3% of the dosage dosage through feces. Levetiracetam excreted glomerular filtration with that reabsorption in the renal tubules and showed that the main metabolites also excreted through active excretion through the renal tubules along with glomerular filtration.

Before taking Keppra 500mg GSK tablets treat local seizures (6 blisters x 10 tablets)

How to use

Keppra 500mg film tablets must be used orally, swallowed with enough water and can be taken during or outside meals.

After drinking, you can see the bitter taste of levetiracetam. The daily dose is divided equally for 2 drinks.

Dosage

adults

Single therapy:

Adults and teenagers aged 16 and older: The starting dose is recommended as 250mg twice daily and increases to the initial treatment dose of 500mg twice a day after 2 weeks. The maximum dose is 1500mg twice daily.

Combined treatment:

Adults (18 years old) and teenagers (12 to 17 years old) weighing 50kg or more. This dose may start from the first day of treatment. The dose can be adjusted to increase or decrease to 500mg twice daily for every 2 to 4 weeks.

Children

Single therapy:

has not established the safety and effectiveness of levetiracetam in monomers in children and teenagers under 16 years old. The level of adjustment should not exceed 10mg/kg twice daily for every 2 weeks.

No dose adjustment for patients with mild to moderate liver failure.

For patients with severe liver failure, the clearance of creatinine may not assess the level of renal failure. Therefore, it is recommended to reduce the daily daily maintenance daily dose when the creatinine clearance is below 60 ml/min/1.73m2.

Elderly

Recommendations to adjust the dose in elderly patients with impaired renal function.

kidney failure

Dosage adjustment for adults and adolescents over 50kg is impaired kidney function.

Creatinine clearance (ml/min/1.73m2) Dosage and number of times 50 - 79 500 to 1,000mg twice daily Patients with end -stage renal disease - must be subtensive 500 to 1,000mg once a day Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.

What to do when overdose? Overdose management is mainly symptomatic treatment and may include hemorrhage. Separation machine efficiency is 60% for levetiracetam and 74% for main metabolites.

Continuing management should be indicated based on clinical or recommended by the National Poison Control Center as needed.

What to do when forgetting 1 dose? However, if the time to relax with the next dose is too short, skip the dose and continue the calendar of the drug. Do not use double dose to compensate for missed dose.

Side Effects

When using Keppra 500mg, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).

Common, ADR> 1/100

Metabolic and nutrient disorders: Anorexia.

Mental disorders: depression, opposition, aggression, insomnia, restlessness, stimulation.

Nervous disorders: convulsions, balance disorders, dizziness, sleep, tremor.

Disorders of ears and mesmerizing: Dizziness.

Respiratory disorders, chest and mediastinum: cough.

Gastrointestinal disorders: abdominal pain, diarrhea, indigestion, vomiting, nausea.

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: rash.

Uncommon, 1/1000

Disorders of metabolism and nutrition: weight loss, weight gain.

Blood and lymphatic disorders: thrombocytopenia, leukopenia.

Mental disorders: suicide intentions, mental disorders, abnormal behaviors, hallucinations.

Nervous system disorders: Forgot, memory loss, loss of air conditioning/abnormal movement coordination, paresthesia, concentration disorders.

Eye disorders: Song Thi, blurred vision.

Liver disorders: Testing: abnormal liver function.

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: hair loss, eczema, itching.

Instructions on how to handle ADR

When experiencing side effects of the drug, it is necessary to stop using and notify the doctor or go to the nearest medical facility for timely treatment.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

Contraindicated

Keppra drugs 500mg contraindicated in the following case:

Hypersensitivity to the active ingredient or other derivatives of pyrrolidone or any excipients of the drug.

Precautions for use

Stop drugs

If you have to stop treating with levetiracetam, it is recommended to gradually reduce the dose.

kidney failure or liver failure

may need to adjust the dose when using levetiracetam for patients with kidney failure, with patients with severe hepatic impairment, recommending the kidney function assessment before choosing the dose.

Number of blood cells

Testing of blood cells in patients with severe depression, fever, recurrent infection or coagulation disorder.

depression or suicide intentions

Monitor the signs of depression or intentions and suicide behavior of the patient and consider appropriate treatment. Advise patients to see a doctor when there are signs of depression or intentions and suicide behavior.

Children

Tablets are not suitable for children under 6 years old.

The ability to drive and operate machinery

levetiracetam has little impact or average impact on the ability to drive and operate machinery. Recommendations should be cautious for patients who perform jobs that require skills. Advise patients to drive or operate machinery until confirming that the ability to perform these activities is not affected.

Pregnancy

levetiracetam can be used during pregnancy if the drug is expected to be the sieve after being carefully evaluated. In such a case, the lowest dosage recommendation is effective.

Physiological changes during pregnancy may affect levetiracetam concentration. Should ensure appropriate clinical control for pregnant women treated with levetiracetam.

Breastfeeding period

levetiracetam is excreted through breast milk. Therefore, it is not recommended for breastfeeding while taking the drug. However, if you need treatment with levetiracetam during breastfeeding, the benefits and risks of treatment should be considered compared to the importance of breastfeeding.

Drug interaction

anti -epileptic drugs

levetiracetam does not affect the serum concentration of current anti -epileptic drugs (phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid, phenobarbital, lamotrigine, gabapentin, primidone) and these anti -epileptic drugs do not affect the pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam.

Probenecid

Probenecid is an excreted inhibitor in the renal tubules, showing the inhibition of the kidney removal mode of the initial metabolic substance but does not inhibit the kidney clearance of levetiracetam.

methotrexate

Concomitance of Levetiracetam and Methotrexate has been reported to reduce the clearance of the clearance of methotrexate, causing increased/prolonged methotrexate concentration in the blood to toxicity.

Oral contraceptives, digoxin and warfarin

Concentrated with digoxin, oral contraceptives and warfarin does not affect the pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam.

Laxatives

There have been individual reports on the effectiveness of levetiracetam when macrogol osmotic laxatives are used simultaneously with oral levetiracetam. Therefore, macrogol should not be taken 1 hour before and after using levetiracetam.

Storage

Store below 30 0C.

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