Klacid 250mg Abbott tablets treat tonsillitis, otitis media, acute sinusitis (1 blister x 10 tablets)

Dosage form Box of 1 blister x 10 tablets
Specifications Clarithromycin

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Clarithromycin	250mg

Uses

indications

Klacid 250 mg drug is indicated in the treatment of infection due to one or more sensitive bacteria. Indications include:

Lower respiratory infections, such as acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia. (See warnings, caution and pharmacological pharmacology - Sensitivity tests). Mycobacterium avium or mycobacterium intracellulare, mycobacterium fortuitum, or mycobacterium kansasii. 100/mm3. erythromycin with a methoxy group at the C-6 position of the macrolid ring. The structural change has helped Clarithomycin increase the oil body, expand antibacterial spectrum, increase tissue concentration, improve stability in acidic environments, increase bioavailability and reduce side effects on the digestive system.

Clarithromycin has an antibacterial effect associated with a specific location on the ribosom 50s subunit of sensitive bacteria, thereby inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of clarithromycin is 2-4 times lower than the mic of erythromycin. Clarithromycin's 14-hydroxy metabolites also have antibacterial activity with stronger effects on H. Influenzae. Clarithromycin is highly effective against Gram -positive and gram -negative bacteria, anaerobic and anaerobic including:

Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes (Blood Blood Semolomousian Union Group A), Hemotic Blood Conduct (Viridans), Streptococcus (Dippococcus) Pneumoniae, Streptococcus Agalactiae, Listeria monocytogenes, hemophillus influenzea, hemophillus Influenzea, Moraxella (Branhamella) Catnrhalis, Neisseria Gonorrheae, Legionella Pneumophila, Bordetella Pertussis, Helicobacter Pylori, Campylobacter Jejuni. Bacteroides Fragilis Macrolide sensitive, Clostridium perfringens, peptococcus species, propionibacterium acnes, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, ureaplasma ureaticum.

Clarithromycin also works strongly on other microorganisms such as: Chlamydia Trachomatis, Toxoplasma Gondii, Mycobacterium Avium, Mycobacterium Leprea, Mycobacterium Kansasii, Mycobacterium chelonae, mycobacterium forituitum, mycobacterium Intracellulare.

pharmacokinetic

absorption

Clarithromycin is absorbed quickly and well through the gastrointestinal tract after drinking. After absorption, the drug is transformed according to the first metabolic mechanism. The bioavailability of Clarithromycin is about 55%. Food in the stomach does not affect the bioavailability of clarithromycin.

Distribution

The main metabolites are 14-hydroxy clarithromycin. The maximum concentration of Clarithromycin and the main metabolite 14-hydroxy clarithromycin after taking a single 250 mg dose has been recorded by 0.6 mcg/l and 0.7 mcg/l respectively. Clarithromycin and its metabolites are widely distributed, well focused in tissue with higher concentrations than the concentration of the drug circulating in the blood. At the treatment dose, 80% clarithromycin combined with protein.

Clarithromycin also penetrates through mucus and stomach tissue. Clarithromycin concentration in the mucus layer in the stomach tissue when using clarithromycin simultaneously with omeprazole is higher when using clarithromycin.

Metabolism

Clarithromycin is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the fertilizer. Less part is eliminated through urine. About 20 - 30% respectively, respectively, respectively, respectively, 250 mg and 500 mg are excreted in this path in constant form.

Elimination

14-hydroxy clarithromycin metabolites as well as other metabolites are also excreted in urine. The half -life of Clarithromycin is about 3-4 hours after use of 250 mg/2 times/day and about 5-7 hours in patients with a dose of 500 mg/2 times/day.

Before taking Klacid 250mg Abbott tablets treat tonsillitis, otitis media, acute sinusitis (1 blister x 10 tablets)

How to use

take the tablet with a glass of water.

Dosage

Adults

The recommended clarithromycin dose is commonly used in adults and children over 12 years of age is 250 mg 2 times/day. In cases of severe infections may increase to 500 mg twice a day. The usual treatment time is 5 to 14 days, except for the treatment of pneumonia in the community and sinusitis needs 6-14 days of treatment.

Dosage in patients with Mycobacteria: The recommended dose for adults is 500 mg, 2 times/day. Clarithromycin should be used in combination with other anti -tuberculosis drugs. Except H.pylori:

In patients with peptic ulcer due to H.pylori infection, Clarithromycin can be used at a dose of 500 mg twice daily in combination with other antibiotics suitable and a proton pump inhibitor for 7-14 days.

Need to refer to the official instructions on h.pylori eradication. Here are some examples of H.pylori eradication regimen.

Three drug regimen:

Clarithromycin 500 mg twice a day with amoxicillin 1000 mg twice a day and a standard -dose pump inhibitor used twice a day for 7 days.

combined regimen:

A proton pump inhibitor twice a day with amoxicillin 1000 mg twice a day, Clarithromycin 500 mg twice a day and Tinidazole 500 mg or Metronidazole 500 mg twice a day, used for 14 days.

Continuous regimen for 10 days:

A proton pump inhibitor twice daily with Amoxicillin 1000 mg twice a day, used for 5 consecutive days.

A proton pump inhibitor twice a day with Clarithromycin 500 mg twice a day and Tinidazole 500 mg twice a day, used for 5 days.

kidney failure:

In patients with renal impairment with creatinine clearance

Children

The use of Clarithromycin is rapidly studied in children under 12 years old. Use KLACID in the form of children. Klacid can be used without caring for meals because the food does not affect the bioavailability of the drug.

Note: The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.What to do when overdose? A patient with a history of bipolar disorder has digested 8 g clarithromycin and shows that mental change, paranoid attitude, reduced potassium and blood oxygen. It is advisable to treat allergic reactions with overdose by gastrointestinal and supportive treatment. Like other macrolide, the concentration of Clarithromycin in serum is not affected by dialysis or peritoneal fertilizer.

In an emergency, call the 115 emergency center immediately or go to the nearest local health station.

What to do when forgetting a dose? However, if the time to relax with the next dose is too short, skip the dose and continue the calendar of the drug. Do not use double dose to compensate for missed dose.

Side Effects

When using the drug, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).

Overall, Clarithromycin is well tolerated. Side effects reported include nausea, indigestion, diarrhea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Stomatitis, Thanh Mon inflammation and granulation in the mouth have been reported.

Other side effects include headaches, allergic reactions from urticaria and mild skin rash to anaphylaxis and rarer than Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The taste disorder may occur. The color loss in the tongue is recovered in clinical trials when clarithromycin and omeprazole are attached.

There are reports on the side effects on the central nervous system including anxiety, dizziness, insomnia, hallucinations, mental disorders, nightmares and confusion, but it has not been identified in cause and effect. There are reports on loss of hearing when using clarithromycin and often recover when stopping the drug.

Palm colitis is rarely recognized when using Clarithromycin and can be from light to life -threatening. Like other macrolids, liver dysfunction has been recorded (usually recovered) including changing liver function tests, hepatitis and bile with or without jaundice. Functional disorders can be seriously and liver failure is very rare.

Instructions on how to handle ADR

When experiencing side effects of the drug, it is necessary to stop using and notify the doctor or go to the nearest medical facility for timely treatment.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

Contraindicated

contraindicated drugs in the following cases:

Clarithromycin is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to antibiotics of the macrolide group. Increased concentrations of Cisapid, Pimozide and Terfenadine have been reported in patients who use both of these drugs and clarithromycin simultaneously. This can cause QT time and arrhythmias including ventricular, ventricular and twisted. Similar effects are recorded when giving at the same time Astemizole and other macrolides.

Be cautious when used

Clarithromycin is excreted mainly through the liver and kidneys. Should be cautious when using this antibiotic in patients with liver or kidney function.

The use of clarithromycin is prolonged and repeated can cause the growth of mushrooms or bacteria is no longer sensitive to drugs. If superinfection occurs, Clarithromycin should be discontinued and appropriate therapy.

On a few people, H. Pylori bacteria can become resistant to clarithromycin.

Like other macrolide antibiotics, the use of Clarithromycin in patients taken simultaneously with drugs metabolized by P450 cell pigment system can increase the concentration of those drugs in serum.

The ability to drive and operate machinery

There has been no report on the impact of the drug while driving and operating machinery.

It is recommended that patients with the risk of dizziness, confusion, and disorientation may occur when using the drug.

pregnancy and lactation

Clarithromycin's safety during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been verified. Therefore, KLACID should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding unless the benefits are more than the risk.

A few studies on animals suggest toxic effects on the embryo but only at doses with clear toxicity to the mother. Clarithromycin in milk of nursing and breastfeeding animals.

Drug interaction

Clarithromycin has been shown to not have the same support effect with oral contraceptives.

Like other macrolide antibiotics, the use of Clarithromycin simultaneously with the medications that are chemically by the cytochrome P450 system (for example: Warfarin, Ergot alkaloids, triazolam, lovastatin, disopyramide, phenytoin and cyclosporin) can increase those drugs in the blood bar. Using clarithromycin for patients who are taking theophyllline increases theophyllline concentration in serum and the potential toxicity of theophylline.

The use of clarithromycin in patients using warfarin may increase the effect of the effects of warfarin. Should regularly monitor prothrombin time in these patients.

The effect of digoxin may increase when used simultaneously with Klacid. Should monitor the concentration of Digoxin in the serum.

Clarithromycin may increase the effectiveness of carbamazepine due to reducing the excretion speed.

Macrolide is recorded as changing the metabolism of terfenadine, causing increased concentration of terfenadine. This condition comes with arrhythmia and therefore, should be avoided to indicate clarithromycin for patients who are taking terfenadine and any non -sleep antihistamines related to Astemizole.

Concomitance Clarithromycin with zidovudine for patients with HIV -infected adults can reduce zidovudine levels in durable state. Most can avoid this situation by arranging doses of Klacid and Zidovudine crossing each other about 1-2 hours. Do not record the same reaction in children.

Although the plasma concentrations of Clarithromycin and Omeprazole may increase when it is at the same time, there is no need to adjust the dose. Increased plasma clarithromycin levels may also occur when used with Maalox or Ranitidine. No need to adjust the dose.

Storage

Leave a cool place, avoid light, temperature below 30⁰C.

To be out of reach of children.

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