Klamentin tablets 875/125 DHG Pharma treat sinusitis, otitis media, bronchitis (2 blisters x 7 tablets)

Dosage form Box of 2 blisters x 7 tablets
Specifications Amoxicillin, clavulanic acid

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Amoxicillin	875mg
Clavulanic Acid	125mg

Uses

indications

Klamentin 875/125 drugs are indicated for treatment of infections in adults and children such as:

Sinusitis , acute otitis media, exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, caught pneumonia in the community, cystitis, nephritis - pyelonephritis.

Skin and soft tissue infections such as pimples, wound infections.

Bone and joint infections such as osteomyelitis. But because amoxicillin is easily destroyed by beta-lactamase, amoxicillin has no effect on the strains of bacteria that produce these enzymes.

Clavulanic acid has a beta-lactam structure similar to penicillin, capable of inhibiting beta-lactamase due to the majority of Gram-negative and staphylococcus bacteria. In particular, clavulanic acid has a strong inhibition effect of beta-lactamase transmitted via plasmid that resists penicillins and cephalosporins.

The combination of clavulanic acid and amoxicillin in klamentin helps amoxicillin not being destroyed by beta-lactamase, while expanding the antibacterial spectrum of amoxicillin effectively to many common bacteria that have resisted amoxicillin, resistant to other penicillins and other cephalosporins.

The bactericidal spectrum of the drug includes:

Gram -positive bacteria

Aerobic type: Streptococcus Faecalis, Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Streptococcus Pyogenes, Streptococcus Viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium, Bacillus anthracis, Listeria monocytogenes. Clostridium, peptococcus, peptostreptococcus.

Gram -negative bacteria

Aerobic type: Haemophilus Influenzae, Escherichia Coli, Proteus Mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Shigella, Bordetella, Neisseria Gonorrhoeae, Neisseria Meningitidis, Vibrio Cholerae, PasteRae Multocida.

Amoxicilin and Clavulanic Acid are easy to absorb through oral. Maximum concentration in serum after 1-2 hours. The absorption of the drug is not affected by food and it is best to drink right before meals.

Distribution

After drinking, both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are distributed into the lungs, pleural fluid and peritoneal fluid, passing through the placenta. Amoxicillin is excreted in milk, without data showing that Clavulanic acid in the milk of mothers who are nursing. The oral bioavailability of amoxicillin is 90% and of Clavulanic acid is 75%. Amoxicillin waste time in serum is 1-2 hours and of Clavulanic acid is about 1 hour. 55 - 73% Amoxicillin and 25 - 45% Clavulanic acid are discharged through urine in the form of activity.

Metabolism

Amoxicillin is metabolized very little in the body into a corresponding penicilloic acid. Clavulanic acid is partially metabolized into low molecular weight metabolites.

Elimination

Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are excreted mainly through the kidneys. In people with kidney failure, the serum concentration of both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid is higher as well as half -life excreted longer. In patients with creatinine clearance 9 ml/min, half -life of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are 7.5 and 4.3 hours respectively.

Both amoxicilin and clavulanic acid are removed when hemolysis. When abdominal distances, clavulanic acid is also removed while only a very small amount of amoxicillin is removed. Probenecid extends the excretion time of amoxicillin but does not affect the elimination of clavulanic acid.

Before taking Klamentin tablets 875/125 DHG Pharma treat sinusitis, otitis media, bronchitis (2 blisters x 7 tablets)

How to use

Take medicine right before meals to minimize the phenomenon of non -intolerance in the stomach - intestines. Should swallow the tablet and do not chew the tablet, if necessary, you can break the pill and swallow and do not chew.

Dosage

Dosage is calculated by amoxicillin.

Adults and children over 40 kg

Take 1 capsule 2 times/day.

Children under 40 kg

not in accordance with this content and form of preparation.

Elderly

No dose adjustment.

Renal failure

Creatinine clearance is greater than 30 ml/minute: No dose adjustment.

Do not use Klamentin 875/125 in people with glomerular filtration level less than 30 ml/min.

People with liver failure

Not enough data to give recommended dose. Should be cautious for people with liver failure and periodically should check liver function.

The treatment time lasts from 5 - 10 days. Treatment must not exceed 14 days without examination.

or as directed by the physician.

Note

The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.What to do when overdose?

Symptoms

Symptoms on the gastrointestinal tract and electrolyte water balance may be an expression of overdose.

Observed the urinary amoxicillin crystal in some cases leading to renal failure.

Convulsions can occur in patients with weakened renal function or high doses.

Handling

can treat symptoms manifestation on the gastrointestinal tract with a note of water and electrolytes.

Can use the method of hemolysis so that the drug is from circulation.

In an emergency, call the 115 emergency center immediately or go to the nearest local health station.

What to do when forgetting a dose? However, if the time to relax with the next dose is too short, skip the dose and continue the calendar of the drug. Do not use double dose to compensate for missed dose.

Side Effects

When using the drug, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).

Common, ADR> 1/100

Digestive: diarrhea , nausea, vomiting.

Blood: hypernutia Can be severe and lasted for a few months.

Systemic body: Anaphylaxis reaction, edema. Interstitial.

Instructions on how to handle ADR

If allergic reactions occur such as erythema, edema, anaphylactic shock , Stevens-Johnson syndrome, amoxicillin should be stopped and immediately treated emergency treatment with adrenalin, oxygen breathing, intravenous corticoid therapy, including intravotics. At the same time, it is never treated with penicillin or cephalosporin again.

Palmitis: If mild, stop the drug. If severe (possibly due to Clostridium difficile), rehydration and electrolyte, anti -Clostridium antibiotics (metronidazol, vancomycin).

When experiencing side effects of the drug, it is necessary to stop using and notify the doctor or go to the nearest medical facility for timely treatment.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

Contraindicated

contraindicated drugs in the following cases:

Hypersensitivity to penicilin, cephalosporin, clavulanic acid or any ingredient of the drug.

History of jaundice or liver dysfunction associated with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.

Be cautious when using

should carefully ask a history of hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin, cephalosporin or other allergens before the beginning of treatment with amoxicilin/acid clavulanic.

There have been reports on hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis) and sometimes death in patients treated with penicillin. These reactions are more common in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to penicillin.

Prolonged treatment can cause superinfection due to overexoration of uncertainty bacteria.

Attention to the elderly, patients with a history of jaundice/liver dysfunction due to the use of amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate because clavulanic acid causes increased cholestatic risk in the liver. Signs and symptoms of cholestasis jaundice are rarely occurring when taking the drug but may be severe. However, those symptoms often recover after a few weeks of stopping treatment.

It is necessary to have a distinct diagnosis to detect cases of diarrhea caused by C. different and colitis with fake membranes.

Must periodically check the hematology, liver and kidney function during treatment.

There have been abnormal prolonged reports of prothrombin (Inr) but rarely in patients using amoxicilin/clavulanic acid and oral anticoagulants. Should follow appropriately when anticoagulants are prescribed simultaneously. The dose of anticoagulant drugs may be needed to maintain the desired anticoagulant level.

Adjust the dose of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in patients with renal failure (see the dose and how to use).

Observed the urinary crystal in patients who reduce urine secretion but very rare, mainly when patients use infusion. It is recommended that patients drink enough water to maintain high -dose amoxicillin urine to reduce the possibility of the occurrence of urinary amoxicillin crystals (see overdose).

The ability to drive and operate machinery

The drug can cause dizziness, headache should be cautious when operating machinery, driving train, people working on high and other cases.

During pregnancy and lactation

pregnancy

There is no evidence of harmful effects for the fetus, but during pregnancy should only be used when really necessary.

Breastfeeding period

Be cautious when taking the drug during breastfeeding because the drug is excreted very little in breast milk, not knowing which adverse effects for breastfed babies. Stop breastfeeding if you have to take medicine.

Interactive drug

The drug can cause prolonged bleeding and coagulation time, so be careful for patients who are treated with anticoagulants (Warfarin).

Methotrexate: Increasing hematology of methotrexate due to penicillin antibiotics inhibits the excretion through the renal tubules.

Probenecid reduces the excretion of amoxicillin in the renal tubules, thus increasing the concentration of amoxicillin in the blood.

Mycophenolate Mofetil: In patients who are taking Mycophenolate Mofetil, there has been a report on the decrease in the dosage of metabolic metabolites with mycophenolic acid activity about 50% after starting to use oral amoxicilin in combination with clavulanic acid. However, the change of concentration before the dose may not accurately show changes in the level of overall contact with mycophenolic acid. No need to adjust the dose of Mycophenolate Mofetil when there is not enough evidence of the loss of organ transplant function. Clinical monitoring should be closely monitored during the use of this drug with antibiotics.

The drug can reduce the impact of oral contraceptives.

Simultaneous use allopurinol while using amoxicillin may cause an increase in the likelihood of allergic reactions on the skin. There is no data on the use of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid with allopurinol.

Amoxicillin is notified that it affects the test of glucose in urine by copper sulfate (clinitest) method, but does not affect the test by the glucose oxidase method (Clinistix).

Storage

Leave a cool place, avoid light, temperature below 30⁰C.

To be out of reach of children.

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