Mekophar cough decreased cough due to colds, flu (24 packs x 3g)

Dosage form Box of 24 packs x 3g
Specifications Dextromethorphan, chlorpheniramine, Guahenesin
Ingredient Sore throat, laryngitis, pertussis, flu, acute bronchitis, colds, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Dextromethorphan	5mg
Chlorpheniramine	1mg
Guiphenesin	50mg

Uses

indications

Mekophar cough is indicated in the following case:

Reduce symptoms of coughs due to colds, flu, pertussis, measles, mild stimulation in the bronchial and throat, or inhalation of stimulants.

Pharmacology

Chlorpheniramine Maleate derived from Alkylamine, is the sedative antihistamine of the first generation, has an average sedative effect but can also be stimulated in play often (especially in young children) and Muscarine resistance. Chlorpheniramine reduces or loses the main effects of histamine in the body by competing in the hypotrushine instrument in H1 receptors. In the tissue on the digestive tract, walls and respiratory tract. The drug does not cause loss of histamine or prevent or release histamine.

dextromethorphan hydrobromide is a cough reduction drug that works on cough center in the brain. Dextromethorphan is used to reduce cough due to mild stimulation in the bronchial and throat as usual cold or inhalation of stimulants.

Guaifenesin has a sputum effect by irritating the gastric mucosa, then stimulates increased secretion in the respiratory tract, increases the vol As a result, the drug increases the effectiveness of cough reflexes and makes it easier to expel phlegm.

Dynamic pharmacokinetics

chlorpheniramine maleate absorbing well when drinking and appearing in plasma within 30 - 60 minutes. Plasma peak concentration reaches 2.5 to 6 hours after drinking. About 70% of the drug during the circulation linked to plasma proteins. The distribution volume is about 3.8 liters/kg (children).

chlorpheniramine maleate rapidly and highly metabolized. The metabolites include Desmethyl- and Didesmethyl-chlorpheniramine and some unknown substances, one or more of which are active. The drug is excreted mainly in the urine in the form of constant or metabolic, the excretion depends on the pH and the urine flow, only a small amount seen in the feces.

Dextromethorphan is quickly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and works within 15 - 30 minutes after drinking, lasting about 6-8 hours. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted through the urine in the form of constant and Demethyl metabolites, among them dextrorphan also has a slight cough reduction effect.

Guaifenesin absorbs well from the digestive tract after drinking. In the blood, 60% of the drug is hydrolyzed for 7 hours. The metabolites are no longer active and excreted through the kidneys. Half of the lifetime of Guaifenesin about 1 hour.

Before taking Mekophar cough decreased cough due to colds, flu (24 packs x 3g)

How to use

Take oral use.

Dosage

Medicine for children.

Recommended dose: 4 times/day, each drink:

Children from 4 - under 6 years old: 1 pack

Children from 6 - 12 years old: 2 packages

Children over 12 years: 4 packages

Note: The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.

What to do when overdose?

Symptoms:

The overdose symptom of chlorpheniramine includes a lot of sleep, inverse stimulation often the central nervous system, mental disorders, glass, apnea, convulsions, anti -muscarin effects, hypertonic reactions and cardiovascular collapse, arrhythmia.

Symptoms of dextromethorphan overdose include nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, eyeball shaking, urinary retention, numbness, hallucinations, loss of air conditioning, respiratory failure, convulsions (often occurring with children).

Acute symptoms when overdose of GuaiFenesin: can cause nausea, vomiting.

Chronic: The abuse of preparations containing GuaiFenesin can cause kidney stones.

How to handle:

Treatment of symptoms and support for living functions, paying special attention to liver, kidney, lung, heart and water balance function, electrolyte. Gastric or vomiting with ipecacuanha syrup. Then, use activated carbon and bleach to limit absorption. When hypotension and arrhythmia, should be actively treated. It is possible to treat convulsions with intravenous diazepam or phenytoin intravenously. May have to be transmitted in heavy cases.

Dextromethorphan overdose: Support treatment, use Naloxone 2 mg intravenously, for reminders if a total dose is 10 mg.

Actively monitor for timely management measures.

What to do when you forget a dose? However, if close to the next dose, skip the forgotten dose and take the next dose at the time as planned. Do not drink twice as prescribed.

Side Effects

When using Mekophar cough, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).

Common, ADR> 1/100

Neurological: Inhibiting the central nervous system causing light sleep to deep sleep, fatigue, dizziness, loss of coordination (sometimes stimulating paradox, especially young children or high doses in the elderly and children), headache, mental disorders - movement.

Muscarine resistance effect: dry mouth, thick sputum, blurred vision, urination, constipation, increased gastroesophageal reflux. circulating: tachycardia. all body: tired. digestive: nausea. skin: flushed.

Uncommon, 1/1000

Digestive: vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain.

Heart: Brushing chest drum, arrhythmia.

skin: rash, sensitive reaction (bronchospasm, angioedema, anaphylaxis), urticaria.

Rare, ADR

Hematology: granulocytosis, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia.

Other ADR: convulsions, sweating, muscle pain, paresthesia, extrasic effects, sleep disorders, depression, confusion, tinnitus, hypotension, hair loss.

Instructions on how to handle ADR

When experiencing side effects of the drug, it is necessary to stop using and notify the doctor or go to the nearest medical facility for timely treatment.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

Contraindicated

Mekophar cough contraindicated drugs in the following cases:

Hypersensitivity to one of the ingredients of the drug.

Patients who have been using Monoaminoxydase inhibitors (IMAO) within the previous 2 weeks.

Patients with acute asthma attacks.

Patients with symptoms of prostate hypertrophy, narrow -angle glaucom, urination, pyloric stenosis.

Women who are breastfeeding.

Children under 4 years old.

Be cautious when using

Due to the anti -Muscarine effect, be careful when used for people with prostate hypertrophy, urinary obstruction, pyloric - duodenum, and exacerbate in people with myasthenia gravis.The sedative effect of chlorpheniramine increases when drinking alcohol or when used simultaneously with other sedatives.

There is a risk of respiratory complications, respiratory decline and apnea in patients with pulmonary obstruction or in children. Must be cautious when used for people with chronic lung disease, short or difficult to worship, bronchial asthma, cough with too much sputum, chronic cough in smokers.

There is a risk of tooth decay in patients treated for a long time, due to the anti -Muscarine effect causing dry mouth.

Avoid using patients with glaucoma like Glaucom.

Be cautious when using drugs for children with epilepsy.

Using dextromethorphan is related to histamine release and should be cautious for children with allergies.

Abuse and dependence on dextromethorphan may occur (though rare), especially due to prolonged high doses.

Patients need to be fully rehydrated while using the drug.

Recommended patients must not use the drug for more than 7 days without consulting the doctor.

Guaifenesin is considered unsafe when used for porphyrin metabolic labels due to drugs that cause porphyrin metabolic disorders in experimental animals.

Preparations contain lactose, white sugar. Be cautious when used for patients with rare genetic disorders in galactose tolerance, Lapp lactase deficiency, glucose-galactose absorption disorders, Sucrase-isomaltase deficiency.

Preparation containing Sunset Yellow is a colorant that can cause allergic reactions in some patients with sensitive atopic, redness, urticaria, shortness of breath, drowsiness or lower blood pressure.

Products try to contain aspartame. Patients with urinary phenylketon and patients need to control phenylalanine need to be cautious when taking the drug, due to Aspartame metabolized in the digestive tract into phenylalanine.

The ability to drive and operate machinery

The drug can cause chicken sleep, dizziness, dizziness, blurred vision, mental impairment in some patients, and can seriously affect the ability to drive or operate the machine. Caution should be used when using drugs for train drivers, operating machinery and other cases.

Pregnancy

There is no control that has sufficient control over pregnant women. Because it is not possible to completely eliminate the risk of the drug for the fetus, be careful and should only use the drug for pregnant women when considering the benefits of the mother outstanding risk to the fetus. Using drugs in the last 3 months of pregnancy can lead to serious reactions (such as epilepsy) in infants.

breastfeeding period

Be cautious when using the drug for breastfeeding women. Because antihistamine drugs can cause serious reaction to breastfeeding, need to consider or not breastfeed or not take the drug, depending on the level of the drug's necessary to the mother.

Interactive drug

ethanol or sedatives that cause sleep can increase the effect of inhibiting the central nervous system of chlorpheniramine.

chlorpheniramine inhibits phenytoin metabolism and can lead to phenytoin poisoning.

CYP3A4 inhibitors such as dasatinib, pramintide increases the concentration or effect of chlorpheniramine.

Dextromethorphan is metabolized by Cytochrome P450 Isoenzyme CYP2D6, so interact with these enzyme inhibitors such as Amiodarone, Haloperidol, Propafenone, Thioridazine, Quinidine, reducing the metabolism of dextromethorphan in the liver, increasing the concentration of this substance in the bar and increasing the desired effects Dextromethorphan.

Simultaneously used with central neurological inhibitors can enhance the central neurological inhibitor of these drugs or of dextromethorphan.

Valdecoxib increases the concentration of dextromethorphan in serum when used together. Dextromethorphan is used with Linezolid, causing serotonin syndrome syndrome. Memantine can increase the frequency and unwanted effects of Memantine and Dextromethorphan, so avoid combining. Do not use in combination with moclobemide.

Do not use guidenesin combination preparations with dextromethorphan for patients who are taking Mao inhibitors.

Using Guaifenesin may give a fake positive result in the testlmandelic acid test in the country, it is necessary to stop using the 48 -hour Guaifenesin before taking the urine sampling to do this test.

Storage

Store in a dry place, avoid light, temperature not exceeding 30 ° C.

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