Metronidazol 250mg Hataphar tablets treat infections, gingivitis (50 blisters x 10 tablets)

Dosage form Box of 50 blisters x 10 tablets
Specifications Metronidazol

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Metronidazol	250mg

Uses

indications

Metronidazol 250mg drug is indicated in the following cases:

Treatment of cases of Trichomonas Vaginalis infection, Entamoeba Histolytica (acute gut and liver abscess), Dientamoeba Fragilis in children, Giardia Lamblia and Dracunculus Medinensis. While treating Trichomonas infection, it is necessary to treat men.

Additional treatment is taken after using Metronidazol 250 intravenous lines and the patient has gone into a stable stage for severe cases of sensitive anaerobic bacteria such as abdominal infections, gynecological infections, skin infections and skin structures, central nervous system infections, blood infections and epiditis in the heart. Coordinate with oral neomycin, or kanamycin for prevention when surgery in people with colorectal surgery and gynecological surgery.

Acute gingivitis, gingivitis around the tooth body and other tooth infections due to anaerobic bacteria.

Crohn's disease acts in the colon and rectum.

Gastro -ulcerative - duodenum ulcer led by Helicobacter pylori (in combination with some other drugs).

Pharmacokology

Metronidazol is a derivative 5 - nitro - imidazole, has a broad -activated spectrum on virgin animals such as amoeba, giardia and in anaerobic bacteria.

In parasites, group 5 - nitro of the drug is reduced into toxic mediators to cells. These substances will bind to the twisted structure of the DNA molecule that breaks these fibers and eventually causes dead cells. The effective average concentration of metronidazol is 8 micrograms/ml or lower for most protozoa and sensitive bacteria.

Metronidazol is a very strong drug in the treatment of primeval animal infections such as Entamoeba Histolytica, Giardia Lamblia and Trichomonas Vaginalis. Metronidazole has bactericidal effects on bacteroides, fusobacterium and other mandatory anaerobic bacteria, but does not have the effect on narrow bacteria. Metronidazole is only resistant to a few cases. However, when using Metronidazol alone to treat Campylobacter/Helicobacter pylori, the drug resistance is developed quite quickly. When infected with both anaerobic and anaerobic bacteria, Metronidazol must be combined with other antibacterial drugs.

Pharmacokinetics

absorption

Metronidazole usually absorbs fast and completely after drinking, reaching a plasma concentration of about 10 pg/ml about 1 hour after drinking 500mg.

The linear correlation between the dose and plasma concentration takes place within the dose range from 200-2000mg. The dose every 6 - 8 hours will cause the cure.

Distribution

Metronidazole penetrates well into tissues and body fluid into saliva and breast milk. The concentration of treatment is also achieved in cerebrospinal fluid.

Metabolism

metronidazole metabolizes the liver into hydroxy and acid metabolic substances, excreted in urine partially in the form of glucuronid. The metabolites still have some pharmacological effects.

Elimination

Average half -life in plasma is about 7 hours. The waste sale time of hydroxy metabolites is 9.5 - 19.2 hours in the patient with normal kidney function.

Before taking Metronidazol 250mg Hataphar tablets treat infections, gingivitis (50 blisters x 10 tablets)

How to use

Metronidazol 250mg drug used orally.

Dosage

The drug is only used as prescribed by the doctor.

Trichomonas disease: Take 1 single dose of 2 g or use 7 days, 3 times a day, 250 mg each time. Need treatment for a lover.

A dysentery issued by E.Histolytica: Can be used alone or in combination with iodoquinol or with Diloxanid Furoat. The common doses for adults are 750mg, 3 times a day for 5 to 10 days.

liver abscess due to amoeba:

Adults 500 - 750 mg, 3 times a day for 5 -10 days.

Children: 35 - 40 mg/kg/24 hours, divided into 3 times, drink 5-10 days.

Giardia disease:

Adults 250 mg, 3 times a day for 5-7 days or drink 2g/day for 3 days.

Children: Take 15 mg/kg/day, divided into 3 times, drink immediately 5 - 10 days.

Dragon worm disease Dracunculus: adults and children 25 mg/kg/day for 10 days, with a 1 -day dose for children not exceeding 750 mg (although children over 30kg).

Anaerobic bacteria treatment: Take 7.5 mg/kg, until maximum 1 g, 6 hours/time, for 7 days or longer.

Antibiotic colitis: Take 500 mg/time 3 - 4 times daily.

H.pylori gastrointestinal ulcer: Take 500 mg/time, 3 times daily, in combination with Bismuth Subsalicylate or Bismuth Subcitrate and other antibiotics such as ampicillin or amoxicillin, for 1 - 2 weeks.

Prevention of anaerobic infection after surgery: 20 - 30 mg/kg/day divided into 3 times.

What to do when overdose? Symptoms include nausea, vomiting and loss of air conditioning. The nerve effect of convulsions, peripheral neuritis has been reported after 5 to 7 days of use of 6 - 10.4g doses/2 days/time.

Management: There is no specific antidote. Symptomatic treatment and support.

In an emergency, call the 115 emergency center immediately or go to the nearest local health station.

What to do when you forget a dose? However, if close to the next dose, skip the forgotten dose and take the next dose at the time as planned. Note that it should not be used double the prescribed dose.

Side Effects

Unwanted effects often depend on the dose. When using high and long -term doses will increase the effect.

The most unwanted effect when taking Metronidazol 250mg is nausea, headache, anorexia, dry mouth, and a very unpleasant metal taste.

Other undesirable reactions in the gastrointestinal tract of Metronidazol 250mg are vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain, abdominal pain, constipation. Unwanted effects on the gastrointestinal tract occur about 5 - 25%.

Common, ADR> 1/100

Digestive: Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, unpleasant metal flavor.

Uncommon, 1/1000

Blood: leukopenia.

dangerous, 1/10000

Blood: granulocytes.

Central nerve: seizures, peripheral nerve disease, headache.

Skin: Skin blistering, skin rash, itching.

urinary: dark urine.

Very rare, ADR

Cardiovascular: flat waves can be seen on the center of the center;

Kidney -urinary disorders: Difficult urinating, cystitis, urinary, incontinence, and a sense of pelvic pressure.

Instructions on how to handle ADR

Stop treatment when dizziness, confusion, loss of air conditioning.

Check the white blood cell formula in people with high and prolonged and prolonged dosage treatment.

Dosage in severe liver failure.

Due to nervous toxicity and leukopenia, attention should be paid to people in the central nervous system, and people with a history of blood disorders.

Need to notify the patient about Disulfiram style, if used with alcohol.

Be careful when coordinating with warfarin.

Take Metronidazol 250mg may be infected with candidiasis in the mouth, vagina or intestines. If there is superinfection, use the appropriate treatment.

Symptomatic treatment if the reaction cannot be controlled.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

Contraindicated

Metronidazole 250mg contraindications in the following cases:

Hypersensitivity to one of the ingredients of the drug.

Be cautious when used

Metronidazol 250mg has the effect of inhibiting alcohol Dehydrogenase and other alcoholic enzymes. The drug has a mild disulfiram -style reaction such as hot face, headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal spasms and sweating. Need to monitor and do not use alcohol and alcoholic preparations when taking medicine.

High doses of treatment of anaerobic and amoeba treatment and Giardia can cause blood organs disorders and physical diseases.

Metronidazol 250 can cause immobility of Treponema Pallidum to create a false positive reaction of the Nelson test.

Be cautious when using high doses of metronidazol, long -term treatment when necessary to treat serious diseases, consider the benefits and risks.

Taking Metronidazol may be infected with candidiasis in the mouth, vagina or intestines. If there is superinfection, it must be appropriate.

Metronidazole has high ultraviolet absorption at a wavelength range of nicotinamid –adenin - Dinucleotid (NADH). Therefore, the results of the liver enzyme test (ALT, AST, Hexokinase Glucose, Lactate dehydrogenase Triglycerid) can be affected so it should be noted and reviewed.

Be cautious when taking medicine for the elderly because the liver function has been impaired.

Be cautious when taking medication for patients with liver failure, kidney failure.

pregnancy

Metronidazol 250mg through the placenta fence is quite fast, achieving a proportion of concentration between the stem of the placenta and the mother's plasma is approximately 1. Although thousands of pregnant women have taken medicine, there has not been a notice of teratogenicity. However, there are also a number of studies that have announced the risk of monitoring increases when taking the drug in the first 3 months of pregnancy. Therefore, it is not advisable to use during the first time when pregnant, unless required.

The period of breastfeeding

metronidazol excreted in the breast milk quite quickly, breastfed babies may have a plasma concentration in plasma equal to about 15% of the mother's concentration. Metronidazol should be stopped when treated with Metronidazol.

The impact of the drug when driving and operating the machine

does not affect driving and operating the machine

Drug interaction

metronidazole increases the effect of anticoagulant drugs Coumarin: Metronidazole can increase the effect of oral anticoagulant, especially warfarin that extends prothrombin time, so avoid simultaneous use or monitoring prothrombin time or adjusting drugs, so avoiding use at the same time.

Alcohol and drugs contain alcohol: Metronidazole inhibits alcohol oxidation enzymes and Dehydrogenase alcohol causes disulfiram reactions. So do not use alcoholic drugs in the treatment with metronidazol. Do not simultaneously use Metronidazol with disulfiram or medication with disulfiram or medication must be used at the time distance.

Lithi: There is a report on lithium toxicity when using patients who are treating high -dose lithiums because they can increase serum lithium levels, so they need to be cautious and monitor the level of lithium when used simultaneously.

Terfenadin and Astemizol: Metronidazole can interact with terfenadin and astemisol when used simultaneously increasing serious adverse adverse reactions on the heart of these drugs such as extending the QT, arrhythmia, tachycardia ... Therefore, it is necessary to be cautious and should not be used simultaneously anti -histamine drugs with Metronidazol.

Phenobarbital: simultaneously use Metronidazol and Phenobarbital to increase metronidazol metabolism so the drug is faster.

Use Metronidazol for patients with high blood lithium concentration (because they are using lithium) will increase the concentration of lithium lithium increasing, toxic.

metronidazole increases the effect of vecuronium is a non -reducing muscle relaxant.

Busulfan: Busulfan concentration may be increased by Metronidazole that can lead to heavy Busulfan poisoning.

CYP450 enzyme inhibitors: concurrently use the drugs as an enzyme inhibitor CYP450, such as cimetidin, which can extend the sale time and reduce the clearance of plasma of Metronidazol.

Activated enzyme drugs CYP450: Concentrated use of CYP450 enzyme activation drugs, such as phenytoin or phenobarbital, can accelerate the elimination of metronidazol, leading to decreasing metronidazol levels.

Storage

In a dry place, temperatures below 30 ° C.

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