Nifin 100 Kids DHG medicine for acute pneumonia, mild infection (24 packs x 1.5g)

Dosage form 24 package box
Specifications Cefpodoxim

Ingredient

Thành phần cho 1.5g

Composition information	Content
Cefpodoxim	100mg

Uses

Indications

Nifin drugs that are indicated to treat infections caused by sensitive bacteria strains, including:

Mild to medium infections in the lower respiratory tract, including acute pneumonia is acquired in the community due to streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus Influenzae (including beta - lactamase strains) and acute phase of sensitive s. pneumoniae strains Catnrhalis, no beta - lactamase.

Replace penicillin treatment for mild and medium respiratory infections (pharyngitis, tonsillitis ...) due to sensitive streptococcus pyogenes. Acute jaw sinusitis caused by Haemophilus Influenzae (including Beta - Lactamase), Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Moraxella Catatrhalis.

Acute otitis media caused by sensitive strains S. Pneumoniae, H. Influenzae (including the strains producing Beta - Lactamase) or B. CatVrhalis.

Mild and medium -sized urinary tract infections due to sensitive strains E.coli, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Proteus Mirabilis or Staphylococcus Saprophyticus.

Inhabited gonorrhea due to strains with or not producing Neisseria Gonorrheaa's penicillinase. Staphylococcus aureus skin infections (including penicillinase strains) and sensitive strains of Streptococcus Pyogenes.

Pharmacology

Nifin with the main active ingredient is Cefpodoxim, 3rd generation cephalosporin antibiotics.

antibacterial spectrum

Cefpodoxim has a wide antibacterial spectrum for aerobic Gram -negative bacteria, compared to the first and second -generation cephalosporin.

Cefpodoxim has the activity of Gram-positive bridge such as pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae), streptococcus streptococcus streptococcus (streptococcus) group A, B, C, G and with staphylococcus aureus, S. Epidermidis whether or not to produce beta-lactamase. Cefpodoxim also works for Gram -negative bacteria, Gram -positive and gram -negative bacilli. The drug has anti -gram -negative bacteria such as E.coli, Klebsiella, Proteus Mirabilis and Citrobacter.

However, in Vietnam, these bacteria are also resistant to cephalosporin 3rd generation. This issue should be noted because it is a risk of failure in treatment.

In contrast to other oral cephalosporins, sustainable cefpodoxim for beta-lactamase caused by Haemophilus Influenzae, Moraxella Catatrhalis and Neisseria. However, this comment has not been monitored with a system in Vietnam and the activity of Cefpodoxim is higher than the level of the effort of other oral cephalosporins.

drug resistance

The drug has no anti -staphylococcus staphylococcus cansoxazoleylpenicillin staphylococcus due to changes in penicillin -mounted proteins (the resistance type of methicilin -resistant staphylococcus aureus). This MRSA antibiotic resistance is growing in Vietnam.

Cefpodoxim has little effect on Proteus vulgaris, Entratia, Serratia Marcesens and Clostridium Perfringens. These bacteria are sometimes resistant.

Staphylococcus anti -methicilin staphylococcus, Staphylococcus Saprophyticus, Enterococcus Faecalis, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Pseudomonas SPP., Clostridium Difficile, Bacterioider Fragilis, Listeria, Mycoplasma Pneumoniae, Chlamydia and Legionella PneumophiliPhiliPhiliPhiliDia Often resistant to cephalosporins.

pharmacokinetic pharmacokinetics

cefpodoxim Proxetil is absorbed through the digestive tract and is metabolized by na -specific esters in the intestine into metabolic Cefpodoxim to work. The absorption increases when the presence of food and decreases when the stomach pH is low. Film cover tablets and oral oral discharge are equivalent to biology. Cefpodoxim has dynamic pharmacokinetics depending on the dose, linear with the dose of 100 to 400 mg, not linear when the dose is over 400 mg.

The drug is not accumulated in plasma after taking a lot (up to 400 mg every 12 hours) in people with normal kidney function. In the elderly, pharmacokinetic parameters are similar to young people (except for half a lifetime of plasma). Cefpodoxim pharmacokinetics are not affected in patients when liver failure, but are affected by kidney failure.

Food affects the bioavailability of film tablets but does not affect the oral fluid. The bioavailability of Cefpodoxim is about 50% and increases when used with food. The sale time of Cefpodoxim is 2 to 3 hours for people with normal kidney function and prolonged in patients with renal insufficiency.

After taking a dose of Cefpodoxim, in healthy adults, there is a normal kidney function, the peak concentration in plasma is reached within 2 to 3 hours and has an average value of 1.4 micrograms/ml, 2.3 micrograms/ml, 3.9 micrograms/ml corresponding to the doses of 100 mg, 200 mg, 400 mg Cefpodoxim; 8 hours after taking the drug in the above dose, the average plasma concentration is 0.29, 0.62, 1.3 micrograms/ml. Children from 1 to 17 years old, using oral fluid, with the dose of Cefpodoxim is 5 mg/kg, the average plasma drug concentration is 1.4; 2.1; 2.1; 1.7; 0.9; 0.4 and 0.09 micrograms/ml corresponding to the time after drinking are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 12 hours. About 20 - 30% Cefpodoxim binds to plasma proteins.

This cohesion does not depend on the drug concentration within 0.1 to 7.1 micrograms/ml. The distribution of Cefpodoxim is between 0.7 to 1.15 liters/kg in healthy adults with normal kidney function. Cefpodoxim well distributed into the tissue of the lungs and throat, into the pleural fluid; The drug in cerebrospinal fluid is very small and a small amount appears in milk; The drug achieves the treatment concentration in the respiratory, urinary and bile tract.

The drug is excreted mainly through the kidneys (about 80% in the form of non -variable drugs for 24 hours). For patients with mild renal impairment (clearine clearine 50 to 80 ml/minute), the average selling time in the plasma of Cefpodoxim is 3.5 hours; For patients with average renal failure (clearine 30 to 49 ml/ min), the sale time increases by 5.9 hours; For patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance 5 to 29 ml/min), the selling time increases to 9.8 hours. The drug was eliminated about 23% of the unique oral dose in 3 hours of hemorrhage. No biological changes in the liver.

Before taking Nifin 100 Kids DHG medicine for acute pneumonia, mild infection (24 packs x 1.5g)

How to use

Mixed nuggets of oral mixture, mixed with sufficient amount of water (about 5 to 10 ml of water for 1 pack), stir before drinking.

Drink before or after meals.

Note: Take it immediately after mixing into a drink.

Dosage

Common dose

Children from 2 months old to 12 years old: Take 10 mg/kg/day, divided into 2 times, every 12 hours (maximum 400 mg/day).

recommended dose

Children from 2 months old to 12 years old:

Acute otitis media: 5 mg/kg (maximum 200 mg) x 2 times/day, every 12 hours, for 5 days. Time, for 10 days.

Must reduce the dose depending on the degree of renal failure. For patients with creatinine clearance less than 30 ml/min and no blood separation, the dose is often used for 24 hours apart.

Patients are getting hematoma, taking the usual dosage 3 times/week.

Note: The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.

What to do when using overdose?

Handling: Removing the body from the body and treating symptoms as for other cephalosporins.

In an emergency, call the 115 emergency center immediately or go to the nearest local health station.

What to do when forgetting 1 dose? However, if the time to relax with the next dose is too short, skip the dose and continue the calendar of the drug. Do not use double dose to compensate for missed dose.

Side Effects

The following unwanted effects are reported related to cefpodoxim in frequency groups: very common (> 1/10), common (1/100, 1/10,000,

Hematological disorders:

Rare: Hemoglobin reduction, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and eosinophilia.

Less: headache, paresthesia, dizziness.

Hearing disorders:

Uncommon: tinnitus.

Gastrointestinal disorders:

Common: Causing stomach pressure, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, flatulence, diarrhea.

The possibility of fake colitis should be monitored if diarrhea is severe or prolonged during or after treatment.

Disorders of metabolism and nutrition:

Common: Eating is not good.

immune system disorders:

Need to monitor hypersensitivity reactions at all serious levels.

Very rare: anaphylactic reaction, bronchospasm, hemorrhage under the skin and angioedema.

Very rare: Mild increasing blood urea and blood creatinine.

Hepatic disorders:

Rare: temporary increase AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin.

Very rare: liver damage.

Uncommon: hypersensitivity reactions, rash, urticaria, itching.

Less: weakness or discomfort.

Instructions on how to handle ADR:

Cefpodoxim is discontinued. Notify the doctor the unwanted effects when using the drug.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

Contraindicated

Nifin drugs contraindicated in the following cases:

Hypersensitivity to any ingredients of the drug or with cephalosporins.

Be cautious when using

should not be used in the treatment of pneumonia is not typical caused by organisms like Legionella, Mycoplasma and Chlamydia. Cefpodoxim is not recommended for the treatment of pneumes caused by S. Pneumoniae.

If there is a hypersensory reaction, during treatment with Cefpodoxim, it is necessary to stop taking the drug and use the appropriate treatment for patients.

Before starting treatment with cefpodoxim, a thorough investigation of the patient's allergic history with cephalosporin, penicillin or other drugs.

Should adjust the dose in patients with renal failure.

Be cautious for patients with a history of gastrointestinal diseases, especially colitis. As with other antibiotics, the long -lasting use of Cefpodoxim can lead to excessive growth of non -sensitive organisms (Candida and Clostridium difficile). There has been a fake colitis report related to the use of Cefpodoxim Proxetil.

Be cautious for patients with phenylceton and patients need to control phenylalanin because the drug contains aspartam (due to Aspartam metabolized in the digestive tract into phenylalanin).

In the formula, there are excipients Sunset Yellow can cause allergies.

Using drugs for women during pregnancy and lactation

There is no document about the use of Cefpodoxim in pregnant women, but should only use Cefpodoxim for pregnant women when necessary.

Cefpodoxim is secreted in low concentrations, but it may also affect breastfed babies: Disorders of bacterial bacteria, directly acting on the baby's body and falsify antibiotic results. Should consider stopping breastfeeding during the time the mother took the drug.

The effect of the drug on driving and operating machinery

The drug can cause dizziness and affect the ability to drive and operate machinery.

Medicinal interaction

Histamine H2 - Antagonism and antacids that reduce the bioavailability of cefpodoxim.

Probenecid reduces the excretion of cephalosporin.

cephalosporin has the ability to enhance the anticoagulant effect of cooumarin and reduce the contraceptive effect of estrogen.

CEFODOXIM simultaneous use with drugs such as aminoglycosides and/ or diuretics, need to monitor kidney function because of the ability to poison kidney toxicity.

Storage

Store the package closed after opening, avoiding moisture to ensure the quality of the drug.

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