Novofungin 250 Stella treats and prevents anaerobic infections (2 blisters x 10 tablets)

Dosage form Box of 2 blisters x 10 tablets
Specifications Metronidazole

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Metronidazole	250mg

Uses

Indications

Novofungin 250mg is indicated in the following cases:

Treatment of sensitive primeval animal infections such as trichomonas infection, amoeba infection, balantidium disease, Blastocystishominis infection, Giardia infection, dragon worm drucunculus.

Treatment and prevention of anaerobic infection. Characteristic infections such as gynecological infections, acute necrotic gum ulcer, pelvic infection and antibiotic colitis.

Treatment of gastrointestinal ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori (combined with other drugs).

Pharmacokology

Metronidazole is a derivative 5 - nitro - imidazol, has a wide spectrum on virgin animals such as amip, giardia and in anaerobic bacteria.

The mechanism of action of Metronidazole is not very clear. In parasites, group 5 - nitro of the drug is reduced into toxic mediators to cells. These substances bind to the twisted structure of the DNA molecule that breaks these fibers and eventually causes dead cells. The effective average concentration of Metronidazole is 8µg/ml or lower for most protozoa and sensitive bacteria. The minimum concentration of inhibition (mic) sensitive strains is about 0.5µg/ml. A strain of bacteria when isolated is considered to be sensitive to the drug when the mic does not exceed 16µg/ml.

pharmacokinetic

absorption

at least 80% of Metronidazole oral dose is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract.

Distribution

Metronidazole is widely distributed in most tissues and fluid fluids such as bone, bile, saliva, lung fluid, peritoneal fluid, vaginal discharge, semen, cerebrospinal fluid, liver and brain abscess. Under 20% of Metronidazole connects to plasma proteins. Metronidazole through the placenta easily. The drug is distributed into breast milk with concentrations equivalent to the concentration of the drug present in plasma.

Metabolism

approximately 30 - 60% of Metronidazole is metabolized through the liver with hydroxy, extra chain oxidation and glucuronid complex. The main metabolite is 2 - hydroxy metronidazole has anti -bacterial and protozoa activity.

Elimination

Metronidazole's semi -discharged time in plasma is about 6-8 hours in adults with normal kidney and liver function. Metronidazole waste time in plasma is not affected by renal function changes, however, this time is longer in patients with liver function impairment.

Most of Metronidazole's oral dose is eliminated in the urine, mainly in the form of metabolites, a small amount appears in the feces.

Before taking Novofungin 250 Stella treats and prevents anaerobic infections (2 blisters x 10 tablets)

How to use

Novofungin 250mg is used by oral. The drug is taken at the same time or after meals.

Dosage

Trichomonas infection

The only dose of 2g or a 7 -day treatment includes 250mg x 3 times/day.

In addition, you should treat your partner.

Amoeba disease

Screw amoeba dysentery in the intestine by E. Histolytica

Adults: 750mg x 3 times/day for 5 - 10 days.

Children: 35 - 50mg/kg/day, divided into 3 times, for 5 - 10 days.

liver abscess due to amoeba

Adults: 500 - 750mg x 3 times/day for 5 - 10 days or 1.5 - 2.5g x 1 time/day for 2 or 3 days.

Children: 35 - 50mg/kg/day, divided into 3 times, for 5 - 10 days.

Balantidium and infection with blastocystis hominis

750mg, 3 times/day, respectively for 5 and 10 days.

Giardia disease

Adults: 2g x 1 time/day, for 3 consecutive days or 250mg x 3 times/day, for 5-7 days.

Children: 15mg/kg/day divided into 3 times in 5-7 days.

Dracunculus dragon worm disease

Adults: 250mg x 3 times/day or 25mg/kg/day for 10 days.

Children: 25mg/kg/day for 10 days. Not more than 750mg/day (although children over 30kg).

Anaerobic infection

7.5mg/kg, up to maximum 1g, every 6 hours in about 7 days or longer.

Gynecological infections

The only dose of 2g or a 5-7 -day treatment with 500mg x 2 times/day.

Acute necrotic gum ulcer

250mg x 3 times/day for 3 days, the same dose is used in acute oral bacteria.

Antibiotic colitis

500mg x 3 - 4 times daily.

Pelvic inflammation

500mg x 2 times/day is combined with ofloxacin 400mg 2 times/day, continuous treatment for 14 days.

Prevention of anaerobic infection after surgery

20 - 30mg/kg/day divided into 3 times.

Gastrointestinal ulcers due to H. pylori

500mg x 3 times/day in combination with at least another drug with H. pylori elimination (such as bismuth subsalicylat, amoxicillin ...) for 1-2 weeks.

Hepatic failure

Because metronidazole is metabolized mainly by the oxidation of the liver, the accumulation of metronidazole and the metabolites may occur in patients with severe liver function. Therefore, Metronidazole should be used to be cautious and reduce the dose for patients with severe liver failure, especially the liver's enhancement when the adverse effects of Metronidazole may increase the symptoms of the disease. You can use 1/3 of the usual daily dose 1 time/day for these patients. For patients with lighter liver failure, pharmacokinetic studies do not give constant results and no recommendations on dose reduction.

kidney failure

The elimination of Metronidazole is largely unchanged in patients with renal impairment, although metabolites can accumulate in patients with end -stage renal disease being separated. Therefore, it is often not recommended to reduce the dose for patients with renal impairment. Because both Metronidazole and metabolites are removed by hemorrhage, the medication must be used immediately after hemorrhage.

Note: The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.

What to do when overdose?

Symptoms

Take a single dose of up to 15g of Metronidazole has been reported in suicide and overdose cases due to unintentional. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting and loss of air conditioning. The nerve effect of convulsions and peripheral neuropathy has been reported after 5-7 days of dosage 6 - 10.4g 2 days/time.

Treatment

There is no specific antidote for each case of metronidazol overdose, so the treatment includes symptomatic and supportive treatment. Metronidazole is excluded through hemorrhage but is not excluded through the abdominal dung.

What to do when you forget a dose? However, if close to the next dose, skip the forgotten dose and take the next dose at the time as planned. Note that it should not be used double the prescribed dose.

Side Effects

When using Novofungin 250mg, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).

Metronidazole's unwanted effects often depend on the dose.

Common (1/100 ≤ ADR

Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea and an unpleasant metal taste.

Uncommon (1/1,000 ≤ ADR

leukopenia.

Rare (1/10,000

Loss of granulocytes, epilepsy seizures, peripheral neuropathy, headache, diverse roses, skin rash, itching, dark urine.

Instructions on how to handle ADR

When experiencing side effects of the drug, it is necessary to stop using and notify the doctor or go to the nearest medical facility for timely treatment.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

Contraindicated

Novofungin 250mg contraindicated drug in the following cases:

Patients with hypersensitivity to Metronidazole or other nitro - imidazol derivatives or any excipients of the drug.

Pregnant women in the first 3 months.

Be cautious when using

Metronidazole has the effect of inhibiting Alcohol Dehydrogenase and other alcohol oxidation enzymes. Disulfiram -style mild reactions such as hot face, headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal spasms and sweating.

should monitor clinical and experiment when treating for more than 10 days.

metronidazole should be used carefully and reduce the dose in patients with severe liver failure. Metronidazole should be monitored in plasma in these patients. Novofungin 250mg contains starch starch. Patients with wheat allergies (unlike coeliac) should not be taken.

The ability to drive and operate machinery

Patients should be warned of the possibility of drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, convulsions or visual disorders and is advised not to drive or operate machines if these symptoms occur.

Pregnancy

metronidazole through the placenta fence and quickly penetrate the fetal circulation.

There is no adequate and well -controlled research on the use of Metronidazole in pregnant women, so they only use drugs during pregnancy when they are really necessary.

Do not use medication for women in the first 3 months of pregnancy.

Breastfeeding period

Metronidazole is excreted in breast milk with the concentration of drugs equivalent to the concentration found in plasma. Because tests show that Metronidazole has the potential to cause cancer on mice, there should be decision to stop breastfeeding or stop taking the drug, considering the importance of the drug for the mother.

Drug interaction

When used simultaneously with alcohol, Metronidazole can cause disulfiram -style reactions in some patients. Psychiatric disorder or confusion due to simultaneous use of Metronidazole and Disulfiram.

Metronidazole is reported to reduce the metabolism or elimination of some drugs such as Warfarin, Phenytoin, Lithi, Ciclosporin and Fluorouracil, leading to the risk of increased harmful effects. There are some evidence that phenytoin may increase the metabolism of metronidazole.

Phenobarbital reduces the plasma metronidazole levels, the result reduces the effectiveness of Metronidazole treatment.

cimetidine increases the concentration of Metronidazole in plasma and may increase the risk of unwanted effects on nerves.

Due to the absence of studies on the correlation of the drug, not mixing this drug with other drugs.

Storage

In closed packaging, dry place, avoiding light. The temperature does not exceed 30 ° C.

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