Potassium chloride 10% Vinphaco treatment and prevention of hypotension (10 blisters x 5 pipes x 5ml)

Dosage form Box of 10 blisters x 5 tubes
Specifications Potassium chloride

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Potassium chloride	1g

Uses

indicated

Treatment of hypokalemia. Diabaming, including long -term use of laxatives, prolonged vomiting, bark syndrome, renal disease causing potassium loss and in patients (including children) for prolonged corticosteroid treatment. ATC: b05xa01

Potassium is a major cation (approximately 150 to 160 mmol/liter) in the cell and necessary to maintain acid -base balance, characteristic and electrode characteristics of cells. Potassium is an important active substance in many enzyme reactions and is essential in the physiological process. In extracellular fluid, low potassium content (3.5 to 5 mmol/liter). An enzyme linked to the membrane is Na+ -K+ -atpase has a positive transportation effect, pump Na+ out and K+ into the cell to maintain this concentration difference. Differences of concentrations K+ inside and outside cells needed for nerve impulse transmission in special tissues such as heart, brain and musculoskeletal, as well as maintain normal kidney function and balance alkaline acid.

pharmacokinetics

after the injection is absorbed and evenly distributed throughout the body's tissues. The drug is excreted mainly through the kidneys (about 90%) and feces (about 10%). Unlike sodium, the ability to keep potassium of the kidneys is poor, even if the body is serious.

Before taking Potassium chloride 10% Vinphaco treatment and prevention of hypotension (10 blisters x 5 pipes x 5ml)

How to use

intravenous injection after dilution and as directed by the doctor.

Never use concentrated potassium chloride without dilution.

Do not use solutions that contain glucose while infusion of potassium veins.

1 mmol is equivalent to 75mg of potassium chloride. Intravenous injection: Must dilute the concentration of potassium chloride with a large volume (1000ml) of 0.9% sodium chloride solution for intravenous transmission, the best potassium concentration is 40 mmol (3000 mg of potassium chloride) in 1 liter and does not exceed 80 mmol/ liter. To avoid increased blood potassium during intravenous infusion, the transmission rate is not fast, the speed of 10 mmol/ hour is usually safe, when the amount of urine is discharged satisfactorily (in emergency treatment, the transmission speed is 20 mmol/ hour). Typically, the transmission speed is never allowed to exceed 1 mmol/ minute for adults and 0.02 mmol/ kg/ minute for children. If the transmission speed exceeds 0.5 mmol/ kg/ hour, the patient needs to be monitored regularly in clinical and electrocardiogram. If kidney dysfunction, especially acute renal failure, such as signs of urinary discharge and/ or increased blood creatinine, occurs during potassium chloride transmission, need to stop transmitting immediately. Can be passed on if necessary, should be used very carefully and closely monitor.

There is no special requirement on drug treatment after use.

Dosage

Treatment of hypokalemia: peripheral intravenous infusion (blood potassium is less than 2.5 mmol/liter) The transmission speed of 10 - 20 mmol/hour; Faster speed, 20 mmol/ hour for emergency cases; It is possible to repeat 2-3 hours if necessary, but the potassium concentration in the infusion does not exceed the maximum concentration of 40 mmol/ liter.

Other cases: maintenance dose based on potassium. Reduce the dose in patients with kidney damage. For people with kidney damage or heart blocking any body, a decrease in the rate of transmission down half and must not exceed 5 - 10 mmol/ hour.

Dosage depends on blood ionic concentration and alkaline balance. The level of potassium deficiency is calculated by the formula: MMOL potassium = kg body weight x 0.2 x 2 x (4.5 - current potassium potassium is calculated by mmol).

(Outside cell volume is calculated by: Kg body weight x 0.2)What do

do when overdose?

Symptoms: encounter changes on the typical electrocardiogram (T waves increase amplitude and pointed, the P wave disappears, the QRS complex is expanded).

Handling: Use 10% dextrose to add 10 to 20 insulin units in a liter and transmit at a speed of 300 to 500 ml of fluid for an hour.

Adjust the acidosis with sodium bicarbonate 50mmol intravenously for 5 minutes. This dose can be repeated within 10 to 15 minutes. Use calcium gluconate (0.5 to 1 gram, intravenously for 2 minutes) to combat toxic effects on the heart. Use an ion exchange resin to remove excess potassium from the body with adsorption and/ or exchange potassium. Take sodium polystyrene sulfonate 20 to 50 grams of ion exchange resins for 100 to 200 ml of 20%sorbitol solution. The dose can be given every 4 hours, 4 to 5 times a day until the potassium concentration returns to normal.

may be necessary to use artificial kidney dialysis or abdominal fertilizer to reduce serum potassium concentration in people with impaired renal function.

Actively monitor for timely management measures.

What to do when forgetting a dose?

Side Effects

When used for a long time or overdose of potassium chloride, there may be a special hyperkalemia in patients with renal impairment, irregular heart rate is the earliest clinical sign of hyperkalemia and is easily detected by electrocardiogram.

Clinical symptoms include abnormal feeling, paralysis, cardiac arrest, arrhythmia, heart block, consciousness disorders. Cardiovascular toxicity usually occurs after intravenous lines.

Pain and venous inflammation may occur when using peripheral venous doses.

Common, ADR> 1/100:

Digestive: diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, discomfort, or mild abdominal distention, vomiting.

circulatory: hyperkalemia, irregular or slow heart rate.

digestive: abdominal pain or stomach pain, cramps, blood stools (red or black).

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

contraindicated

Hypersensitivity to any ingredients of the drug.

Be cautious when using

Use carefully in people with renal impairment or adrenal insufficiency, heart disease, dehydration, heat, wide destruction such as severe burns, or users of low potassium diuretics. Monitoring the electrolytes in serum is especially necessary in people with heart or kidney disease. weight.

Do not use potassium immediately after surgery, wait until the patient has urine.

The effect of the drug on the ability to drive and operate machinery

The drug may experience unwanted effects such as arrhythmia, consciousness disorders, shortness of breath. Do not drive or operate machinery, work on high when encountered unwanted effects of the drug.

Use drugs for women during pregnancy and lactation

Pregnant women:

Use cautiously in pregnant women, because potassium chloride is found in the natural structure of tissue and fluid. High or low potassium concentrations are harmful to the heart function of the mother and fetus, so serum potassium must be monitored.

breastfeeding women:

The use of potassium is considered safe during breastfeeding. Ordinary human milk has little potassium. If the serum potassium concentration is maintained at a physiological level, it is not harmful to the breastfeeding when the mother uses potassium chloride.

Drug interaction

Potassium chloride can interact with amphotericin b, corticosteroid, glucocorticoid, corticotropin, acth (Adrenocorticotropic hormones), Gentamicin, Penicilin (including Azlocilin, Carbenicilin, Mezlocilin, PiperCilin, PiperCilin, PiperCilin, PiperCiline ticarcilin), polymycin B. Potassium demand can increase in users of these drugs, due to increased excretion of potassium through the kidneys, need to closely monitor blood potassium. Cyclosporin, diuretics less potassium, heparin, milk with low salt, salt substitutes, simultaneous use with potassium chloride can increase potassium levels, increase severe potassium potassium leading to cardiac arrest, especially in kidney failure and when using nonsteroidal anti -inflammatory agents along with potassium chloride can increase the risk of side effects on stomach - intestinal. Users of calcium salt injected, because of the risk of arrhythmia. Suitable for glucose when starting to treat potassium hypokalemia with potassium because glucose can reduce potassium concentration in plasma. Using digitalis (such as digoxin), however, if you have to add potassium to prevent or treat hypokalemia in Digitalis users, you must closely monitor the concentration of potassium.

Storage

Store in a cool dry place, avoid light, store at a temperature not exceeding 30 ° C.

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