Promethazin 15mg nadyphar and treat allergies, anti -vomiting (5 blisters x 20 tablets)

Dosage form Tablet
Specifications Box of 5 blisters x 20 tablets
Ingredient Promethazin HCl
Indication Rhinitis, vomiting/nausea, urticaria, itching, motion sickness

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Promethazin HCl	15mg

Uses

indications

Promethazin is indicated in the following cases:

Preventing and treating allergies (urticaria, angioedema, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, itching).

sedative, anti -vomiting and nausea.

Prevention and treatment for seasickness, motion sickness.

Pharmacy

Promethazin is a phenothiazin conductor that has different structures of anti -mental anti -psychotic phenothiazin in the secondary branch circuit and no replacement in the ring. It is thought that this configuration reduces dopaminergic effect in the central nervous system (only 1/10 of the effect of clepopromazin).

Promethazine has antihistamine and sedative effects. However, the drug can also stimulate or paradoxically inhibit the central nervous system. Inhibiting the central nervous system, manifested by sedation, is common when taking the drug with the dose of treatment for antihistamine. Promethazin also has anti -vomiting, anti -cholinergic, anti -motion sickness and numbness in place. In addition, the drug also has a mild anti -cough effect, reflecting the potential of respiratory inhibition.

In the treatment dose, Promethazin does not have a significant effect on the cardiovascular system, although rapid intravenous injection can cause temporary hypotension, blood pressure often maintains or increases when the injection is slow.

Promethazine is a receptor blocker H, due to a dispute with histamine in the positions of the H receptor, on the acting cells, but does not prevent the release of histamine, so the drug only prevents the reactions created by histamine. Promethazin is opposed to different degrees, with most, but not all, the pharmacological effects of histamine, including urticaria, itching. Therefore, the drug is used in money, before the procedures can cause histamine release. In addition, the anti -cholinergic effect of most antihistamine drugs also causes dry nose and oral mucosa.

Promethazine and most antihistamine drugs pass through the blood -brain barrier, causing sedative effects due to the inhibition of n -methyltransferase histamine and blocking central histamine receptors. This is a special risk for young children, because antihistamine drugs have been shown to cause death due to sleep apnea.

Antagonism in other receptors of the central nervous system, such as serotonin, acetylcholin can also occur. It is thought that indirect phenothiazine reduces the stimulation of the cerebral body system.

Promethazin is resistant to cholinergic, preventing response to acetylcholin through the Muscarinic receptor. Promethazin's anti -vomiting, anti -train and dizzying effect is due to the central cholinergic resistance on the vestibular, on the center of integrated vomiting and on the area that launches the chemical sensation of the middle brain. The mild anti -cough effect may be due to the anti -cholinergic properties and the central neurological inhibition of the drug. Promethazine and other phenothiazine have the effect of alpha-adrenergic blockers, causing the risk of hypotension.

pharmacokinetic

absorption

Promethazin is well absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and in the injection site. The drug concentration in plasma is needed to have antihistamine and sedative effects that are not well known. Used by oral, rectal or intramuscularly, the drug begins to have antihistamine and sedative effects within 20 minutes, while intravenously in just 3 to 5 minutes. The antihistamine effect can last up to 12 hours or longer, and the sedative effect can be maintained from 2 to 8 hours depending on the dose and sugar.

Distribution

The ratio of binding with plasma proteins is from 76 to 93%. The drug is widely distributed to the body's tissues. Although the concentration in the brain is lower than other parts, it is still higher than the plasma concentration. The drug is easy through the placenta. It is not clear whether the drug is distributed in breast milk.

Metabolism and elimination

Promethazin metabolizes strongly in the liver for the main product is Promethazin Sulphoxid and both N-Demethyl-Promethazin. Eliminating drugs through urine and feces, mostly in the form of promethazin sulphoxid and glucuronid.

Before taking Promethazin 15mg nadyphar and treat allergies, anti -vomiting (5 blisters x 20 tablets)

How to use

Promethazin oral oral.

Dosage

Following the instructions of the physician, on average:

Preventing and treating allergies (urticaria, angioedema, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, itching) - sedation

Adults

1 tablet/ time x3 times/ day, drink before meals and when going to bed or 2 capsules when going to bed.

Children over 2 years

0.1mg/ kg body weight, 6 hours/ time; or 0.5mg/kg body weight when going to bed.

Prevention and treatment of seasickness, motion sickness

Adults

Take 2 capsules before departing 30-60 minutes. Can repeat the dose after 8 - 12 hours, if necessary.

Children over 2 years

0.5mg/kg body weight, 8 hours/time

Note: The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.

What to do when using overdose and management?

Overdose treatment:

epilepsy

Use Diazepam, Physostigmin intravenously.

Hypotension is severe

Use Noradrenalin injected intravenously.

Symptoms outside the tower

Treatment with intramuscular biperiden, intravenous injection. Need to maintain good di, ventilation support for patients if needed.

What to do when you forget a dose? However, if close to the next dose, skip the forgotten dose and take the next dose at the time as planned. Note that it should not be used double the prescribed dose.

Side Effects

When using promethazin, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).

Common, ADR> 1/100:

Sleeping chicken, blurring.

Ban skin.

Dizziness, fatigue, tinnitus, loss of coordination, double look, insomnia, tremor, epilepsy, hysteria stimulation.

dry mouth or throat (common in the elderly).

disoriented, lost control of movements, confusion, painful urination (common in the elderly), nightmares, abnormal excitement, restless restlessness (common in children and the elderly). Dry.

Instructions on how to handle ADR:

Notify the doctor with unwanted effects when using the drug.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

Contraindicated

Promethazin drugs contraindicated in the following cases:

Hypersensitivity to Promethazin.

The state of coma, who is taking central neurological inhibitors with large doses (such as alcohol, sedation causing Barbiturat, anesthesia, pain relievers, calm drugs, ...).

Children under 2 years old, children show signs and manifestations of Reye syndrome.

Precautions when using

Pills that cause drowsiness, caution when used for drivers or operating machinery.

Pregnant and lactating women.

Use cautious in diseases: asthma, glaucoma of closed angle, urinary retention, prostate hypertrophy, pyloric blockage - duodenum, epilepsy, severe cardiovascular disease, liver failure, marrow failure.

Be cautious when using promethazine simultaneously with central neurological inhibitors to avoid overdose. When used simultaneously with promethazin, the dose of barbiturates must be reduced by at least half and the dose of painkillers (morphine, pettin) must be reduced from 1⁄4 to 1⁄2.

Sedative or central neurological inhibitors should be avoided for patients with a history of sleep apnea.

The ability to drive and operate machinery

Drugs that cause drowsiness should affect the driver and operate machinery.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding period

unknown safety when using Promethazin during pregnancy (except during delivery) for fetal development in terms of side effects may occur. When the pregnancy is full, the drug is quickly placed through the placenta.

The concentration of medication in the fetus and the mother balance for 15 minutes and the concentration of drugs in young children lasts at least 4 hours. However, there is no clinical evidence for children with respiratory inhibitors due to promethazin. Promethazin should only be used for pregnant people when the benefits of treatment are more likely to occur for the fetus.

Do not know if the drug is distributed into breast milk or not, it is necessary to be cautious when used for breastfeeding people because of the risk of unwanted effects (such as excitement or abnormal stimulation) that can be built in a child. Antihistamine drugs can inhibit milk secretion due to cholinergic resistance.

Drug interaction

when using promethazin simultaneously with:

Central neurological inhibitors: Promethazin's sedative effects are enhanced by central neurological inhibitors (barbiturates and other sedatives), opiat, or other analgesic drugs, antihistamine drugs, calm and alcoholic drugs, when used and should be cautious to avoid overdose.

Monoamin oxydase inhibitors (IMAO): can pull the radio and enhance the central neurological inhibitor and cholinergic resistance.

antihistamine drugs are phenothiazine derivatives: may increase the risk of hypotension and extracurricular reactions.

Beta-adrenergic blockers: especially propranolol can cause increased plasma concentrations of each drug due to metabolic inhibitors; Therefore, it is possible to increase the effect of lowering blood pressure, non -recovery retinal disease, arrhythmia and late dysplasia.

Levodopa: Anti -Parkinson's anti -Parkinson -blocked effect due to the bloating of the dopamine receptors in the brain.

Interaction with diagnostic tests:

Pregnancy diagnosis: pregnancy diagnostic test on the basis of the immune reaction between HCG and HCG resistance can give false or artificial positive results.

Glucose tolerance test: Hyper glucose can occur in patients using promethazin.

Storage

At a temperature not exceeding 30 ° C, in a dry place, avoiding light.

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