Tobrex Alcon eye drops treat infections in the eye (5ml)

Dosage form Bottle x 5ml
Specifications Tobramycin

Ingredient

Composition information	Content
Tobramycin	0.3%

Uses

indications

Tobrex eye drops are indicated in the following cases:

Treatment of infections outside the eyeball and the appendages of the eye caused by sensitive bacteria. The drug has been studied on the efficiency and safety when used for children. The drug acts on bacterial cells mainly through inhibiting the synthesis and assembly of polypeptide chains in ribosom.

resistance to Tobramycin occurs by a number of different mechanisms including:

Change of ribosom subunits in bacterial cells

Interventions on the transportation of tobramycin, the participation of enzymes transforms adenyl, phosphoryl and acetyl. Genetic information to produce inactivated enzymes can be performed on bacterial chromosomes or on plasmids. There may be cross resistance with other aminoglycosides.

Pharmacokinetics

absorption

Tobramycin is poorly absorbed through the cornea and conjunctiva with the peak concentration of 3 µg/ml in the aquatic fluid after 2 hours, then deeply reduced deeply when used on the spot tobramycin 0.3%. In addition, the whole body absorption of Tobramycin in humans after using Tobramycin at the eye.

However, 0.3% Tobramycin is located at the eye distribution of 527 ± 428 µg/ml Tobramycin in human tears after a single dose. The concentration on the eye surface is often exceeding the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of most resistance strains (mic> 64 µg/ml).

Dad

The system of systemic distribution is 0.26 liters/kg in humans. The cohesion of Tobramycin with plasma proteins is low at less than 10%.

Biological Change

Tobramycin is excreted in urine mainly in the form of constant drugs.

Elimination

Tobramycin is quickly and strongly eliminated in urine through glomerular filtration, mainly in the form of constant drugs. The whole body clearance is 1.43 ± 0.34 ml/min/kg for patients with normal weight after intravenous lines and the body clearance of the drug decreases proportional to the kidney function. Selling time in plasma is about 2 hours.

Linear/non -linear pharmacokinetics

The absorption of the eye or body according to the increasing dose concentration after the eye in the eye has not been evaluated. Therefore, the linear level of the concentration with the dosage in place in the eye cannot be determined.

Used in patients with liver failure and patients with renal failure

Tobamycin's dynamic pharmacokinetics with eye drops have not been studied in these patients.

Effects of age on pharmacokinetics

There is no change in Tobamycin's pharmacokinetics with elderly patients compared to younger adult patients.

Use in children

Aminoglycosides including Tobramycin have been commonly used in children, young children and babies to treat serious Gram -negative infections. Tobrex small eye solution has been approved for use in children. The clinical pharmacology of Tobramycin in children has been described after using the whole body.

Before taking Tobrex Alcon eye drops treat infections in the eye (5ml)

How to use

Use to drop the eyes.

After opening the lid, if the attached ring ensures to be removed, it is necessary to remove it before taking the drug.

To avoid the infection into the small tip of the drug and the solution, be careful not to put the medications of the vial in contact with the eyelid, the area around the eyes or any surface. Tighten the lid after use.

Pressing the pipeline or gently closing your eyes after the drug. This will limit the absorption of systemic drugs through the eyes and help reduce the adverse reactions.

If you are taking more than one eye drops, the drugs must be used at least 5 minutes apart. Fat eye pills need to be used last.

Dosage

Adults and children over 1 year of age

For mild to medium -sized disease, 1 or 2 drops into conjunctiva bags, every 4 hours, treatment for 7 days.

For severe infections, dripping 2 drops into the eyes every hour. After improving the disease, the dose can be reduced.

Tobrex eye small solution can be used in combination with Tobrex eye ointment.

Children

Tobrex small eye solution can be used for children (greater than 1 year old) with the same dose level as in adults. There are very little information about the use of drugs in children under 1 year of age.

Not yet established the safety and effectiveness of drugs in children under 2 months old.

Elderly

Overall there is no difference in safety and clinical effectiveness between the elderly and other adult groups.

Patients with kidney failure, liver failure

The safety and effectiveness of Tobrex eye is not yet established in this object group.

The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.What to do when overdose? The clinical signs and symptoms of the overdose of Tobrex (spotted keratitis, erythema, increased tears, edema and itchy eyelids) may be similar to the adverse reactions in some patients.

When the eye is overdose, Tobrex can wash the eyes with warm warm water to remove medicine.

What to do when you forget a dose? However, if close to the next dose, skip the forgotten dose and take the next dose at the time as planned. Do not use double the prescribed dose.

Side Effects

When using Tobrex eye drops, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).

Common, ADR> 1/100

Eyes: discomfort, eye congestion.

Uncommon, 1/1000

Nervous system: headache .

Eyes: corneal inflammation, corneal slip, vision loss, blurred vision, eyelid red rash, conjunctiva, eyelid edema, dry eye, eye -catching eyes, itchy eyes, increased tear secretion.

Skin and subcutaneous tissue: urticaria, dermatitis, dragon lagoon, white skin, itching, dry skin.

Immune: Hypersensitivity

Instructions on how to handle ADR

When experiencing side effects of the drug, it is necessary to stop using and notify the doctor or go to the nearest medical facility for timely treatment.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

contraindicated

hypersensitivity to the active ingredient or any excipient ingredient.

Be cautious when using

The drug is only used for eye drops.

Some patients may be sensitive to aminoglycosides in place. The severity of the hypersensitivity reaction may vary, from local effects to systemic reactions such as erythema, itching, urticaria, skin rash, anaphylaxis, anaphylactic reaction or water ball reaction. Should stop taking the drug if there is hypersensitivity during the use of this drug.

Hypersensitivity to other aminoglycosides may occur and consider the possibility of patients sensitive to small tobramycin eyes may also be sensitive to other aminoglycosides using other small eye sugar and/or systemic sugar.

Serious adverse reactions including nerve toxicity, toxicity on the ears and kidneys have occurred in patients treated with systemic sugar tobramycin, need to be cautious when used simultaneously with systemic sugar tobramycin and need to pay attention to monitor the total serum drug concentration.

As with other antibiotics, the use of a small Tobrex eye solution can make the strains not sensitive, including excessive mushrooms. If superinfected, appropriate treatment should be appropriate.

It is not recommended to wear contact lenses while treating eye infections. Tobrex eye drops contain benzalkonium chloride can cause eye irritation and change the color of soft contact lenses. Avoid contact with soft contact lenses. In case the patient is allowed to wear contact lenses, they must be instructed to remove contact lenses before this drug and wait at least 15 minutes later to be worn again.

The ability to drive and operate machinery

temporary blurred vision or other vision disorders may affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. If you look blurred when the eyes are small, the patient must wait until it is clear and then perform other activities.

Pregnancy

Tobrex eye drops should only be used during pregnancy if really necessary.

Breastfeeding period

Tobramycin has excreted breast milk after using systemic sugar. However, there is not enough data to show that Tobramycin is found in breast milk after taking the medication at the eye. It is necessary to consider the benefits of breastfeeding and the benefits of treatment for the mother to decide to stop breastfeeding or stop/abstain from taking medicine.

Drug interactions

There are no clinical related interactions described for the type of eye drops on the spot.

Storage

Store in a dry place, temperatures below 30 ºC.

Other drugs

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