Vitamin A-D Hataphar prevents and treats vitamin A and D deficiency (100 tablets)
Dosage form Soft capsules
Specifications Box of 100 capsules
Ingredient Vitamin A, Vitamin D3
Indication Eye strain, a history of convulsions, dry eyes, blindness, rickets
Contraindication Hyperboly hyperboly
Ingredient
Thành phần cho 1 viên
| Composition information | Content |
| Vitamin A | 2500 |
| Vitamin D3 | 250 |
Uses
Indications
Vitamin A-D drugs are indicated in the following cases: prevention and treatment of vitamin A and D deficiency or risks due to vitamin A and D deficiency.
Pharmacology
Vitamin A:
Vitamin A is essential for the body to grow and develop bone, vision, reproduction and the integrity of the mucosal surface and epithelium. In the retina, Retinol is converted into Aldehyd, Cis-Retinal, in combination with Opsin to form Rhodopsin as a pigment of vision.
Vitamin A also acts as a homogeneous factor in many biochemical reactions including mucopolysaccharid synthesis, cholesterol synthesis and metabolism of hydroxy steroids.
Vitamin D3:
Vitamin D3 in activity 25 - hydroxycholeciferolol has the effect of regulating calcium concentration in serum. In the small intestine, the effect of maintaining calcium and phosphorus concentration in the serum by increasing the absorption of these minerals from food, mainly in the duodenum and pink.
cholecalciferol mobilizes calcium from the bone into the blood, boosts the reabsorption of phosphate in the renal tubules and directly acts on bone formation cells to stimulate bone growth. The activity of cholecalciferol has the opposite inhibitory effect on the formation of parathyroid hormones (PTH), reducing PTH levels in serum.
pharmacokinetics
vitamin A:
absorption:
Vitamin A absorbs quickly and completely if the dose does not exceed many physiological needs and if absorbing normal fat. Inadequate absorption when taking large doses and when absorbing fat, eating less protein or having liver or pancreatic disease.
ester retinol is hydrolyzed in the gastrointestinal tract due to pancreatic enzyme. Retinol is absorbed and the ester mainly forms Retinol Palmitat. Retinol's fatty acid ester during the circulation thanks to the transportation of the microflora of the lymph.
After taking retinol oil solution, the plasma peak concentration of the retinol ester is achieved after about 4-5 hours. Normal blood retinos concentration ranges from 300-700 nanogam/ml in adults and from 200-500 nanogam/ml in young children.
Distribution:
Retinyl palmitat, a small amount of retinol and retinal is stored in the liver. A less than Retinyl Palmitat is stored in the kidneys, lungs, adrenal glands, retina and fat in the abdominal. Storage of vitamin A in the body is enough to meet the needs of the body for a few months. Vitamin A is distributed into milk, not easy to enter the placenta. Retinol is released from the liver, attached to the specific al-globulin, Retinol liver protein (RBP).
Metabolism:
Retinol is associated with glucoronic acid; Beta-glucuronid participates in the circulation of the liver and oxidized into retinal and retinoic acid.
Era:
Retinoic acid is reduced to carboxyl and combined with glucuronic acid and then eliminated into the bile. Retinal, retinoic acid and other metabolites dissolve in water excreted through urine and feces. Normally, no changeol does not change through urine. However, in people with pneumonia or chronic nephritis, non -metabolic vitamins may be eliminated.
Vitamin D3:
absorption:
cholecalciferol is well absorbed from the small intestine, the bile needed for absorption. Because cholecalciferol is soluble in lipid, it is concentrated in the property and is absorbed in the lymphatic system.
Distribution:
cholecalciferol and blood circulation metabolites in combination with A-Globulin. 25 - Hydroxycholeciferol is stored in fat and muscle for a long time.
Metabolism:
In the liver, cholecalciferol is hydroxylated in the mitochondria into 25-Hydroxycholeciferol, this substance is hydroxylation in the kidney by enzyme cholecalciferol 1-hydroxylase to form a metabolic substance with 1.25-dihydroxychololeciferol.
Era:
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted mainly through bile and feces, only a small amount excreted through urine.
Before taking Vitamin A-D Hataphar prevents and treats vitamin A and D deficiency (100 tablets)
How to use
oral medication. You can drink tablets with water or cut one end and then squeeze the drug inside.
Dosage
Adults: Take 1-2 tablets/ day or as directed by the doctor.
Children over 6 months of age: take 1 tablet/day or as directed by the doctor.
Note: The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.What to do when overdose?
Vitamin A
Overdose symptoms:
Management: Must stop taking the drug. Symptomatic treatment and supportive treatment.
Vitamin D3
Overdose symptoms:
Symptoms of late as a result of hypercalcemia: renal calcification, kidney stones, kidney damage (urination, night urination, drinking a lot, urine reduced concentration).
Management:
Regularly monitor calcium and phosphate levels in blood and urine. If an overdose occurs, stop immediately and calcium, vitamin D supplemented. If newly taken, gastric lavage or vomiting, rehydration. If the drug has passed the stomach, drink mineral oil to promote elimination through feces. Can give hemolysis or peritoneal.
What to do when you forget a dose? However, if close to the next dose, skip the forgotten dose and take the next dose at the time as planned. Note that it should not be used double the prescribed dose.
Side Effects
When using vitamin A-D, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).
Vitamin A
Taking high -dose high -dose pills can cause vitamin A -poisoning. The characteristic symptoms are:
Other manifestations: anemia, headache, high blood calcium, edema under the skin, pain in the joints.
Children with symptoms of chronic poisoning include increased intracranial pressure, eye -eyed edema, tinnitus, visual disorders, pain along the long bone.
Most symptoms are lost when stopping using the drug.
Take high doses of vitamin A leading to acute poisoning with the following signs:
Vitamin D3
With the dose does not exceed the normal physiological needs not toxic. However, an overdose of long -term use or high doses will lead to hypercalcemia and blood phosphate.
Symptoms: Anorexia, headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation.
Symptoms: Calciumization of soft tissue, calcification, sensory neurological disorders.
Instructions on how to handle ADR
When the symptoms of poisoning must stop using the drug. Symptomatic treatment and supportive treatment. Regularly determine serum calcium concentration, should be maintained at 9 - 10mg/decilite. Serum calcium concentration usually does not exceed 11mg/Decilite.
Warnings
Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.
Contraindicated
Vitamin A-D drug is contraindicated in the following cases:
Hyperacornia or Vitamin D.
Be cautious when using
Be careful when using other drugs containing vitamin A.
Sarcoidosis or parathyroidism (can cause increased sensitivity to vitamin D), renal function, heart disease, kidney stones, atherosclerosis.
Vitamin D3 should be used carefully in patients with renal function. In patients with severe renal failure, cholecalciferol is not metabolized normally, should use vitamin D in other forms.
cholecalciferol should be cautious in patients who are treating cardiovascular disease because if these people have hypercalcemia, the risk of disease will get worse.
Monitoring plasma and blood calcium levels must be monitored during the treatment of cholecalciferol to reduce the risk of calcium peanuts, or toxic calcium.
excipients:
In the composition of the drug containing nipagin, nipasol can cause allergic reactions (can react late).
Pure soybean oil can contain soy protein. Specialized in no testing of residual protein. Contraindicated for patients with soybean oil allergy.
Benzoic acid: can cause swelling of the skin, eyes and mucosa.
Butylated hydroxytoluen: may cause local skin reactions (eg contact dermatitis) or swelling of the eyes and mucosa.
The ability to drive and operate machinery
The drug does not affect the ability to drive and operate machinery.
Pregnancy
Avoid using vitamin A or synthetic preparations of the same type such as isotretinoin with high doses for pregnant women and high doses of vitamin A (10,000 IU/day) that can cause teratogenicity. There is no data on the use of vitamin D3 in pregnant women.
Animal studies have shown reproductive toxicity during vitamin D3 overdose causing deformities such as aortic valve stenosis, physical and mental retardation.
Lactation period
Vitamin A found in breast milk. When breastfeeding, mothers need to use daily 4000 - 4330 IU Vitamin A. Vitamin D3 and its metabolites excreted through breast milk. Be cautious when using vitamin D3 for nursing mothers and need to closely monitor hypercalcemia and signs of poisoning in breastfeeding.
Interactive drug
vitamin A
neomycin, cholestyramin, loose paraffin reduces vitamin A.
absorptionOral contraceptives may increase vitamin A concentration in plasma and have an unfavorable effect on conception.
Vitamin A and Isotretinionein simultaneously can lead to a condition like using vitamin A overdose.
Orlistat can reduce the absorption of vitamin A, which can cause low plasma concentrations in some people.
wafarin: high doses of vitamin A may increase the effect of reducing the blood prothrombin of wafarin.
Vitamin D3
Do not simultaneously use vitamin D3 with cholestyramine or colestipol hydrochloride as it can lead to reducing the absorption of vitamin D3 in the intestine.
Do not simultaneously use vitamin D3 with corticosteroids because corticosteroids hinder the effect of vitamin D3. Glucocorticoid interferes with the effects of cholecalciferol, reducing calcium absorption from the intestine, avoiding simultaneous use.
Do not simultaneously use vitamin D3 with cardiac glycosides because of the toxicity of glycosides that support the hypertension due to hypercalcemia, leading to arrhythmia.
Excessive use of mineral oil can hinder absorption.
Simultaneous treatment with diuretic gums can lead to hypercalcemia due to reducing calcium secretion in urine.
Concentrated with phenytoin or phenobarbital sedative can reduce the effect of cholecalciferol due to liver enzyme induction, increasing cholecalciferol conversion into non -active substances.
Storage
In a dry place, temperatures below 30 ° C.
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