Zyrtec GSK medicine reduces allergic rhinitis, spontaneous urticaria, chronic (1 blister x 10 tablets)

Dosage form Film bag tablets
Specifications Box of 1 blister x 10 tablets
Ingredient Cetirizin
Indication Allergic rhinitis, urticaria, itching, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, rashes

Ingredient

Thành phần cho 1 viên

Composition information	Content
Cetirizin	10mg

Uses

indications

Zyrtec 10mg drug is indicated for adults, children aged 6 and older:

Treatment of reducing nasal and eye symptoms of seasonal allergic and allergic rhinitis all year round. Studies on cohesion with in vitro receptors show that the drug has no affinity measured with any receptors other than the H1 receptor.

Experienced Ex vivo experiment shows cetirizin using systemic sugar to occupy the H1 receptor in the brain.

In addition to the H1 receptor resistance, Cetirizin has proved to have an allergic activity: at a dose of 10 mg or twice daily, Cetirizin inhibits the gathering of inflammatory cells in the late stages, especially eosinophilia, skin and conjunctiva of allergic objects that are exposed to antigens, and at a dose of 30 mg/day Cetirizin inhibits the movement of nerves in the hypertension In the late stage of bronchospasm due to people with allergic inhalation.

In addition, Cetirizin also inhibits the late stages of inflammatory reactions in patients with chronic urticaria when injecting Kallikrein in the skin.

The drug also works to reduce the appearance of cohesive elements such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, which is the signs of allergic inflammatory reactions.

Research on healthy volunteers shows that the 5mg and 10 mg cetirizin inhibits the strong urticaria reaction and rash due to the very high concentration of histamine in the skin, but the correlation with the effect is not established. After taking a single dose of 10 mg, the drug started to work within 20 minutes over 50% of the testers and within 1 hour over 95% of the subjects. The effect of the drug is maintained at least 24 hours after taking a single dose.

In a control study with a placebo lasting six weeks on 186 patients with allergic rhinitis and mild to moderate asthma, Cetirizin 10 mg once a day has improved the symptoms of rhinitis and does not change the lung function.

This research shows the safety of the use of cetirizin in patients with allergies with mild to moderate asthma. In a placebo control study, Cetirizin is used at a high doses of 60 mg in 7 days without extending the statistical significance. At the recommended dose, Cetirizin proved that it improves the quality of life of patients with allergic and seasonal allergic and seasonal.

In a 35 -day study of children from 5 to 12 years old, people do not see the tolerance for antihistamine resistance (anti -urticaria and erythema) of Cetirizin when stopped treatment. After using many times cetirizin, the skin recovers the normal reaction with histamine within 3 days.

Pharmacokinetics

absorption

Maximum plasma concentrations in a stable state are about 300 ng/ml and achieved within 1.0+0.5 hours. The distribution of pharmacokinetic parameters such as plasma peak concentrations (C) and the area under the curve (AUC) is the same.

Food does not reduce the level of cetirizin absorption, although the absorption rate decreases. Cetirizin's bioavailability in the form of solution, capsule or tablet is similar.

Distribution

Expression distribution volume is 0.50 /kg. Cetizirin's cohesion to plasma protein is 93+0.3%. Cetirizin does not change the cohesion with Warfarin's plasma proteins.

Metabolism and elimination

Cetirizin does not go through initial metabolism. About 2/3 of the dose is excreted in the form of unchanged urine.

The waste time is about 10 hours and there is no cetirizin accumulation after daily doses of 10 mg in 10 days.

Cetirizin has a linear dynamic at a dose of 5-60mg. Patients with special children of the semi -canceling time of cetirizin about 6 hours in children 6 -12 years old and 5 hours in children 2-6 years old.

Before taking Zyrtec GSK medicine reduces allergic rhinitis, spontaneous urticaria, chronic (1 blister x 10 tablets)

How to use

Zyrtec 10mg pills form of oral film tablet.

Dosage

adults

Adults and children over 6 years old: 10mg x 1 time/day (1 tablet). The starting dose of 5mg (half tablet) may be recommended if this dose controls the symptoms.

Children

Children from 6 to 12 years old: 5 mg (half tablets) x 2 times/day.

Children over 12 years: 10 mg (1 tablet)/1 time/day.

Elderly

Data shows that there is no need to reduce the dose in the elderly with normal kidney function.

Patients with renal failure

Because cetirizin is mainly eliminated by the urinary tract, in cases where there is no replacement therapy that can be applied, the distance between doses must be adjusted to each patient depending on the kidney function.

Refer to the following table and adjust the dose as specified. To use this dose table, it is necessary to estimate the patient's creatinine clearance (ml/min). Creatinine Clcr (ml/min) can be estimated from creatinine (mg/dl) concentration in serum by using the following formula:

CLCR = [140 - Age (year)] x Body (kg) (x 0.85 for women)/[72 x Creatinine serum (mg/dl)].

Dose adjustments for adult kidney failure:

Creatinine clearance (ml/min)> 80: 10 mg once daily.

Creatinine clearance (ml/min) 50 - 79: 10 mg once daily.

Creatinine clearance (ml/min) 30 - 49: 5 mg once daily.

Creatinine clearance (ml/min)

End -stage kidney disease (creatinine clearance (ml/min)

In patients with renal impairment, the dose is adjusted for each case depending on the patient's renal, age and weight clearance.

Patients with liver failure

No dose adjustments in patients only have liver failure.

Note: The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.What to do when overdose?

symptoms and signs

Observatory symptoms that after overdose of cetirizin are mainly related to the effects on the central nervous system or antivolinergic effects.

Unwanted effects are reported after taking a dose of at least 5 times the recommended daily dose: confusion, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, headache, discomfort, pupils, itching, restlessness, sedation, drowsiness, stunning, fast heartbeat, tremor and urinary retention.

Management

There is no specific antidote for Cetirizin. If an overdose occurs, symptomatic or supportive treatment should be treated. Cetirizin cannot be removed from the body by hemolytic method. Processing should be clinically indicated or as recommended by the National Poison Control Center, if any.

What to do when you forget a dose? However, if close to the next dose, skip the forgotten dose and take the next dose at the time as planned. Do not use double the prescribed dose.

Side Effects

When using Zyrtec, you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).

rarely, 1/1000

Nervous system: Perception.

Rare ADR

Cardiovascular system: Heart beat fast.

Blood and lymphatic system: platelets.

Nervous system: taste disorders, tasting disorders, movement disorders, fainting, tremor, convulsions.

eyes: regulatory disorders, blurred vision, label disorders.

Kidney and urinary tract: urine difficult, bedwetting.

Body and on -site: edema.

The immune system: sensitivity, anaphylaxis. liver: Unusual liver function (increased transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-GT, bilirubin).

Psychiatric: aggression, confusion, depression, paranoia, insomnia.

Unknown frequency

Nervous system: Memory loss, memory impairment.

Stomach: diarrhea.

Skin and subcutaneous tissue: itching, rash, urticaria. Neurological angiema, fixed on -site rash.

Body and on -site: weakness, discomfort/difficulty in.

Mental: anxiety.

Instructions on how to handle ADR

When experiencing side effects of the drug, it is necessary to stop using and notify the doctor or go to the nearest medical facility for timely treatment.

Warnings

Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.

Contraindicated

Zyrtec drugs contraindicated in the following cases:

Too hypersensitivity to any ingredients of the drug, with hydroxyzine or any piperazine derivative.

Patients with severe renal impairment have creatinine clearance below 10 ml/min.

Be cautious when using

need to be very careful when taking the drug for patients in the following cases:

Alcohol: No clinical significance with alcohol (at 0.5 g/l blood alcohol concentration) is shown at the treatment dose. However, be careful if used simultaneously with alcohol.

Increased risk of urinary retention: Caution should be cautious for patients at risk of urinary retention (such as spinal cord lesions, prostate hypertrophy) because cetirizin can cause an increased risk of urination.

Patients with a risk of convulsions: should be cautious with epilepsy patients and patients at risk of seizures.

Skin reactions: itching and/or urticaria may occur when stopping using cetirizin, although these symptoms do not occur before starting treatment (see the unwanted effect). In some cases, symptoms may be serious and need treatment. Symptoms will go away at the beginning of treatment.

Skin allergic tests: Antihistamines inhibit skin allergies and should stop the drug 3 days before performing these tests.

Food: Food does not reduce the level of cetirizin absorption, although the absorption rate decreases.

Sorbitol excipients: The drug contains sorbitol. Patients with rare genetic diseases in non -intolerance fructose should not be tolerated.

Paraben: The drug contains methyl parahydroxybenzoate or propyl parahydroxybenzoate propyl, which can cause allergic reactions (may appear late).

Children who do not recommend for children under 2 years old.

The ability to drive and operate machinery

Persons who often drive or operate machines should use Zyrtec 10mg?

Objective measurement methods show that with the recommended dose of 10 mg, there is no clinical manifestation related to the ability to drive, drowsiness and the implementation of the assembly line.

However, patients who have been sleepy should try not to drive, participate in dangerous potential activities or operate machinery. Patients intend to drive, participate in potential potential activities or operate machinery should not be used overdose and should consider their response to the drug.

Pregnancy

Women during pregnancy should use Zyrtec 10mg?

Should be cautious when prescribing drugs for pregnant women. For Cetirizin's advanced data collected data, the results do not suggest the possibility of toxicity to the mother or fetal/embryo than the basis.

Animal research does not show direct or indirect harmful effects on pregnancy, embryo/fetal development, childbirth or development after birth.

Breastfeeding period

Women who breastfeeding should take Zyrtec 10mg?

Should be cautious when prescribing cetirizin for breastfeeding women.

Cetirizin is excreted into breast milk with a concentration of 25% to 90% of the measured concentration in plasma, depending on the time of taking samples after taking the drug.

Drug interaction

drug interactions may affect the activity of the drug or cause side effects. Should notify the doctor or pharmacist a list of drugs and functional foods you are using. Do not use or increase or decrease the dose of the drug without the guidance of a doctor.

Due to pharmacokinetics, pharmacological and cetirizin tolerance, antihistamine drugs are said to have no interaction. The significant pharmacokinetic and pharmacokinetic interactions are not recorded in studies on drug interactions - drugs performed, especially with pseudoephedrin or theophylin (400 mg/day).

alcohol and central neurological inhibitors may affect the activity of the drug.

In sensitive patients, simultaneous use of alcohol or other central neurological inhibitors may reduce alertness and active ability, although cetirizin does not increase the effect of alcohol (blood levels are 0.5 g/l).

Storage

Leave a cool place, avoid light, temperature below 30⁰C.

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