Zyrtec GSK oral solution reduces allergic rhinitis, spontaneous, chronic urticaria (60ml)
Dosage form Oral solution
Specifications Box x 60ml
Ingredient Cetirizin dihydrochlorid
Indication Allergic rhinitis, urticaria
Contraindication Epilepsy, kidney failure, convulsions
Ingredient
| Composition information | Content |
| Cetirizin dihydrochlorid | 1mg/ml |
Uses
Indications
Zyrtec 1mg/ml oral solution are indicated in cases of adults, children aged 2 and older:
Studies on cohesion with in vitro receptors show that the drug does not have any measured affinity with any receptors other than H1 receptors.
Experienced Ex vivo experiment shows cetirizin using systemic sugar to occupy the H1 receptor in the brain.
In addition to the H1 receptor resistance, Cetirizin has proved to have an allergic activity: at a dose of 10 mg or twice daily, Cetirizin inhibits the gathering of inflammatory cells in the late stages, especially eosinophilia, skin and conjunctiva of allergic objects that are exposed to antigens, and at a dose of 30 mg/day Cetirizin inhibits the movement of nerves in the hyperfire In the late stage of bronchospasm due to people with allergic inhalation.
In addition, Cetirizin also inhibits the late stages of inflammatory reactions in patients with chronic urticaria when injecting Kallikrein in the skin.
The drug also works to reduce the appearance of cohesive elements such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, which is the indicator marks of allergic inflammatory reactions. Research on healthy volunteers shows that the 5mg and 10 mg cetirizin is strong inhibiting the urticaria reaction and the erythema due to the very high concentration of histamine in the skin, but the correlation with the effect is not established.
After taking a single dose of 10 mg, the drug started to work within 20 minutes over 50% of testers and within 1 hour over 95% of subjects. The effect of the drug is maintained for at least 24 hours after taking a single dose.
In a control study with a placebo lasting six weeks on 186 patients with allergic rhinitis and mild to moderate asthma, Cetirizin 10 mg once a day has improved the symptoms of rhinitis and does not change the lung function.
This research shows the safety of the use of cetirizin in patients with allergies with mild to moderate asthma. In a placebuarized control study, Cetirizin was used at a high doses of 60 mg in 7 days without extending the statistical QT distance.
In the recommended dose, Cetirizin has proven that it improves the quality of life of patients with allergic and seasonal allergic rhinitis.
In a 35 -day study of children from 5 to 12 years old, people do not see the tolerance for antihistamine resistance (anti -urticaria and erythema) of Cetirizin when stopped treatment. After using many times cetirizin, the skin recovers the normal reaction with histamine within 3 days.
Dynamic pharmacokinetics
absorption
Maximum plasma concentrations in a stable state are about 300 ng/ml and achieved within 1.0+0.5 hours.
The distribution of pharmacokinetic parameters such as plasma peak concentrations (C) and the area under the curve (AUC) are the same.
Food does not reduce the level of cetirizin absorption, although the absorption rate decreases. Cetirizin's bioavailability in the form of solution, capsule or tablet is similar.
distribution
Expression distribution volume is 0.50 /kg. Cetizirin's cohesion to plasma protein is 93+0.3%. Cetirizin does not change the cohesion with the plasma protein of warfarin.
Metabolism and excretion: Cetirizin does not undergo initial metabolism. About 2/3 of the dose is excreted in the form of unchanged urine.
The waste time is about 10 hours and there is no cetirizin accumulation after 10 mg daily doses in 10 days. Cetirizin is linearly dynamic at the dose of 5-60mg.
Patients with special children of the semi -cancellation time of cetirizin about 6 hours in children 6 -12 years old and 5 hours in children 2-6 years old.
Before taking Zyrtec GSK oral solution reduces allergic rhinitis, spontaneous, chronic urticaria (60ml)
How to use
Zyrtec solution 1mg/ml orally.
Dosage
adults
The usual dose is 10 mg (10 ml of oral solution) per day/ day.
The starting dose of 5 mg (5 ml of solution) may be recommended if this dose controls the symptoms.
Children
Children from 6 to 12 years old: 5 mg (5 ml of oral solution) every time x 2 times/ day.
Other objects
Elderly:
Data shows that there is no need to reduce the dose in the elderly with normal kidney function.
Patients with renal failure:
Because cetirizin is mainly eliminated by the urinary tract, in cases where there is no replacement therapy that can be applied, the distance between doses must be adjusted to each patient depending on the kidney function.
Refer to the following table and adjust the dose as specified. To use this dose table, it is necessary to estimate the patient's creatinine clearance (ml/min). Creatinine Clcr (ml/min) can be estimated from creatinine (mg/dl) concentration in serum by using the following formula:
CLCR = [140 - Age (year)] x The weight (kg) (x 0.85 for women)/[72 x Creatinine serum (mg/dl)]
Dose adjustments for adult kidney failure:
Creatinine clearance (ml/min)
In patients with renal failure, the dose is adjusted for each case depending on the patient's renal, age and weight clearance.
Patients with liver failure: No dose adjustments in patients only have liver failure
Note: The above dose is for reference only. Specific dosage depends on the condition and level of progression of the disease. For a suitable dose, you need to consult a doctor or medical specialist.What to do when overdose?
Symptoms and signs:
Observatory symptoms that after overdose of cetirizin are mainly related to the effects on the central nervous system or antivolinergic effects.
Unwanted effects are reported after taking a dose of at least 5 times the recommended daily dose: confusion, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, headache, discomfort, pupils, itching, restlessness, sedation, drowsiness, stunning, fast heartbeat, tremor and urinary retention.
Management:
There is no specific antidote for Cetirizin. If an overdose occurs, symptomatic or supportive treatment should be treated. Cetirizin cannot be removed from the body by hemolytic method. Processing should be clinically indicated or as recommended by the National Poison Control Center, if any.
What to do when you forget a dose? However, if close to the next dose, skip the forgotten dose and take the next dose at the time as planned. Do not use double the prescribed dose.
Side Effects
When using zyrtec 1mg/ml 60ml , you may experience unwanted effects (ADR).
rarely, 1/1000
Rare ADR
Body and on -site: edema. Systemic system: Hypersensitivity, Anaphylaxis . Psychiatric: aggression, confusion, depression, paranoia, insomnia. Unknown frequency Body and on -site: weakness, discomfort/difficulty in. Instructions on how to handle ADR When encountering side effects of the drug, it is necessary to stop using and notify the doctor or go to the nearest medical facility for timely treatment.)
Warnings
Before using the drug you need to read the instructions carefully and refer to the information below.
Contraindicated
Zyrtec 1mg/ml 60ml drug contraindicated in the following cases:
Be cautious when used
alcohol: No clinical significance with alcohol (at 0.5 g/l blood alcohol concentration) proved at the dose of treatment. However, be careful if used simultaneously with alcohol (see the interaction).
Increased risk of urinary retention: Caution should be cautious for patients at risk of urinary retention (such as spinal cord lesions, prostate hypertrophy) because cetirizin can cause an increased risk of urination (see unwanted effects).
Patients with a risk of convulsions: should be cautious with epilepsy patients and patients at risk of convulsions.
Skin reactions: itching and/or urticaria may occur when stopping using cetirizin, although these symptoms do not occur before starting treatment (see the unwanted effect). In some cases, symptoms may be serious and need treatment. Symptoms will end when they start treatment.
Skin allergic tests: Antihistamine inhibits skin allergies and should stop the drug 3 days before performing these tests.
Food: Food does not reduce the level of cetirizin absorption, although the absorption rate decreases.
Sorbitol excipients: The drug contains sorbitol. Patients with rare genetic diseases in tolerance of fructose should not be tolerated.
Paraben: The drug contains methyl parahydroxybenzoate or propyl parahydroxybenzoate propyl, which can cause allergic reactions (may appear late).
Children who do not recommend for children under 2 years old.
The ability to drive and operate machinery
Objective measurement methods show that with the recommended dose of 10 mg, without any clinical manifestations related to the ability to drive, drowsiness and the implementation of the assembly line.
However, patients who have been sleepy should try not to drive, participate in dangerous potential activities or operate machinery.
Patients who are intending to drive, participate in dangerous potential activities or operate machinery should not be used overdose and should consider their response to the drug.
Pregnancy
should be cautious when prescribing drugs for pregnant women. For Cetirizin's advanced data collected data, the results do not suggest the possibility of toxicity to the mother or fetal/embryo than the basis.
Animal research does not show direct or indirect harmful effects on pregnancy, embryo/fetal development, childbirth or development after birth.
Breastfeeding period
should be cautious when prescribing cetirizin for women who are breastfeeding. Cetirizin is excreted in breast milk at a concentration of 25% to 90% of the measured concentration in plasma, depending on the time of taking the test sample after taking the drug.
Interactive drug
Due to pharmacokinetics, pharmacological and capirizin tolerance, antihistamine drugs are thought to have no interaction. The significant pharmacokinetic and pharmacokinetic interactions are not recorded in studies on drug interaction - drugs, especially with pseudoephedrin or theophylin (400 mg/day).
alcohol and central neurological inhibitors
In sensitive patients, simultaneous use of alcohol or other central neurological inhibitors may reduce alertness and active ability, although cetirizin does not increase the effect of alcohol (blood levels are 0.5 g/l) (see the warning and cautious section).
Storage
Leave a cool place, avoid light, temperature below 30⁰C.
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