Acute diarrhea

Acute diarrhea's disease overview

Acute diarrhea is one of the common reports, only behind the respiratory tract infection. Worldwide, acute diarrhea is the leading cause of death in children under four years old, especially in developing countries.

What is What is acute diarrhea ?

Disease acute diarrhea is an acute infectious disease, with the main symptoms of diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, electrolyte disorders, if not treated promptly can lead to death.

  • Diarrhea lasts less than 2 weeks called acute diarrhea.
  • Chronic diarrhea lasts more than 4 weeks.

    • Causes of Acute diarrhea's disease

  • Virus. Viruses that can cause diarrhea include Norwalk virus, cytomegalovirus and hepatitis. Rotavirus is a common cause of acute diarrhea in children, curved adults is Norovirus.
  • bacteria and parasites. Polluted food or water can transmit bacteria and parasites into the body. When traveling in developing countries, bacteria and parasitic diarrhea are often called diarrhea due to tourism. Clostridium difficile is another bacterium that can cause serious infections that cause diarrhea, and it can occur after an antibiotic treatment or during the hospital treatment.
  • Medicine. Many drugs, such as antibiotics, can cause diarrhea. Antibiotics destroy both good and bad bacteria, which can disturb the natural balance of bacteria in the intestine. Other drugs that cause diarrhea such as cancer and antacids have magnesium
  • Lactose intolerance. Lactose is a sugar found in milk and other dairy products. People who have problems digesting milk sugar have diarrhea after eating dairy products. Lactose intolerance can increase with age because the level of enzyme helps to digest milk sugar from an early age.
  • fructose. Fructose is a type of sugar found naturally in fruits and honey. Sometimes it is added as a sweetener for some drinks. In people with problems in digesting fructose, it can lead to diarrhea.

    • Artificial sweeteners. Sorbitol and mannitol - artificial sweeteners found in chewing gum and other sugar products - can cause diarrhea in some healthy people.

  • Surgical surgery. Abdominal removal surgery or gallbladder can sometimes cause diarrhea.

    • Symptoms of Acute diarrhea's disease

    Acute diarrhea in adults is divided into 2 groups:

  • Group 1 is acute diarrhea invading with fever and common blood stool in cases of intestinal inflammation or parasitic.

    • Group 2 is acute diarrhea that does not invade with fever and blood stool, but often due to viral infection, water stool properties, less abdominal pain.

    In addition, both groups may have other symptoms such as:

  • Abdominal pain: throbbing pain or dull pain and increased pain in defecation.
    • vomiting: vomiting food, water and even bile fluid.
  • Fast weight loss

    • Dry, thirsty skin

  • Little or not urinating
  • tired, dizzy
  • Dark urine

    • Transmission route of Acute diarrhea's diseaseAcute diarrhea

    Exposure to infectious agents is the main risk factor for acute diarrhea. Bacteria and viruses are usually transmitted through the mouth and mouth, so washing hands and hygiene is important to prevent infections

    People at risk for Acute diarrhea's disease

  • Age: Children (under 5 years old), the elderly (over 60 years old).

    • Exposure to toxins of bacteria: People traveling in places where developmental retardation, poor environmental sanitation, food is infected.

    Personal hygiene is not good.

  • Antibiotic abuse can be infected with Clostridium varie, intestinal disorders.

    • Reduced gastric pH: Chronic gastritis, using many acid excreted inhibitors.

    Immune system reduction: HIV/AIDS, Cancer chemotherapy, malnutrition.

    Prevention of Acute diarrhea's disease

    Measures to prevent acute diarrhea include:

  • Wash your hands regularly with soap for at least 20 seconds. Wash your hands before and after preparing food. Wash your hands after handling raw meat, use toilets, change diapers, sneeze, cough and blow nose.
  • Use hand disinfectants when not convenient to wash hands. Use alcohol -containing hand disinfectants when you cannot go to the sink. Pour hand disinfectant like using a hand lotion, ensuring the front and back of both hands. Should use products containing at least 60% alcohol.

    • vaccinated helps protect babies from Rotavirus, the most common cause of viral diarrhea in children.

    Preventing diarrhea when traveling by

  • Be careful about food. Eat hot and cooked food. Avoid fruits and raw vegetables unless you can peel them yourself. Also, avoid raw or non -cooked meats and dairy foods.
  • Be careful about drinks. Drink bottled water, soda, beer or wine served in its original container. Avoid tap water and ice. Use bottled water even to brush your teeth. Keep your mouth tight while you shower.
  • Use drinks made of boiled water like coffee and tea. Remember that alcohol and caffeine can worsen diarrhea and dehydration worse.

    • Ask the doctor about antibiotics. If traveling to a developing country for a long time, ask your doctor about antibiotics before you go, especially those with weak immune systems.

  • Check tourism warning. Consider warnings about the disease published in the mass media in each planning country.

    • Diagnostic measures for Acute diarrhea's disease

    The doctor will ask about the history of disease, consider the drugs that are using, physical examination and a number of tests to determine the cause of acute diarrhea such as:

  • Testing of blood formula helps indicate the cause of diarrhea.
  • Separid test to see bacteria or parasites causing diarrhea.

  • Acute diarrhea's disease treatments

    Most cases of diarrhea go away within a few days without treatment. If the patient has tried to change the lifestyle and apply home remedies for diarrhea without success, the doctor will use the following treatments:

  • Antibiotics can help treat diarrhea caused by bacteria or parasites, but if the agent is a virus, antibiotics do not work.

    • For most adults with acute diarrhea are recommended to drink plenty of water, if drinking water causes stomach pain or vomiting, the doctor will prescribe intravenous fluids. . Drinking water is a good way to replace the lost water, but it does not contain salt and electrolytes - minerals like sodium and potassium - essential for the body. Patients can help maintain the level of electrolytes by drinking fruit juice for potassium or eating sodium salt soup. But some fruit juice, such as apple juice, can make diarrhea worse.

  • For children, ask your doctor about the use of oral water compensation solution, such as Pedialyte, to prevent dehydration or compensation for lost liquid. P>
  • If the doctor determines that the patient uses antibiotics that cause diarrhea, the doctor may reduce the dose or replace other drugs for the patient.

    • See also:

  • Prevention and treatment of acute diarrhea in children
  • Nutrition notes when diarrhea prolonged diarrhea is dangerous? >
  • Acute diarrhea caused by Rota Virus? >

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