Allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis's disease overview

Pollen allergy (English name is or Fever), also known as allergic rhinitis (English name is Allergic Rhinitis) that causes signs and symptoms like colds Cold, like runny nose, itchy eyes, stuffy nose, sneezing and sinus pressure. But unlike colds, allergic rhinitis is not caused by viruses but by allergic reactions to outdoor or indoor allergens, such as pollen, dust or saliva of cats, dogs, dogs and other hairy animals.

Besides making you miserable, allergic rhinitis can affect your ability to work or study and often adversely affect the life of the sufferer. But patients can learn how to avoid active factors and find appropriate treatment.

What is

What is allergic rhinitis ? Is allergic rhinitis dangerous?

Causes of Allergic rhinitis's disease

Respiratory allergies (circulating in the air) The most common cause of allergic rhinitis is:

  • Allergies indoor allergies: dust, domestic pets, cockroaches, molds. Mold emits small spores into the nose and both bronchials. Loại thường gặp nhất, mặc dù nói chung là không phổ biến trong các nguyên nhân là: Alternaria, Cladosporium, Aspergillus và Penicillium.
  • Allergic substances in the air: Rice pollen, law pollen (armoise) pollen from different trees between geographical areas Betulaceae (Aries, Bulus trees in the area Northern) Oleaceae (ash or olive) fagaceae (oak) Cupressaceae (cypress tree in the south). The pollen calendar as well as the websites that provide information about pollen levels are RNSA's website (the national network of air monitoring) is very helpful to establish symptomatic treatment and confirmation of corruption. clinical.
  • Occupational allergens: Rubber (occupational health), Bakery (powder), barber (Persulfates), Biologist, Beast Doctor Y (animals) ... cross allergens such as banana, kiwi, avocado pus, but avocado is very popular, especially for betulaceae pollen (fried nucleus such as peach, apples, cerise, carrots, coriander West, celery). The list of cross allergens is very long. There is no clear cross -relationship between allergens in the air and food allergens. Patients should be asked about the existence of food reactions such as swelling of the lips, burns, needles or swelling of the tongue or throat when eating and drinking may be the source of cross -allergies. P>

    • Symptoms of Allergic rhinitis's disease

    Clinical symptoms are the result of immediate release or delay of intermediate (particle -free) chemicals of the cells present in the nasal and throat mucosa. 

    Allergic rhinitis has two forms: cycle and no cycle.

  • Cyular disease: usually happens suddenly in the beginning of the cold season or the beginning of the hot season, the patient feels tickled in the nose, sneezing continuously a few dozen, spicy eyes, red eyes , tears. Then the nose flows in the water, the nose is clear like water. The patient also has a burning feeling in the conjunctiva and palate. Patients with severe head, tired fatigue, fear of light, should often find dark places to lie down. The allergic attack appears many times a day, softens, the disease lasts for a few days to a week and then disappears. Every year on that period, the disease recurred, there were patients with illnesses for decades. In some elderly patients, due to many years of illness, damage causes degenerative nasal mucosa and edema to cause stuffy nose; The curly bones bulge, interspersed with polips.
  • The disease does not have a cycle: most common, patients often have a runny nose in the early morning to wake up, decrease during the day, relapse when they see the wind, meet cold, continue, continue Contact with dust. In the beginning of the nasal perfume, the time then thickened into pus, the nose flowed into batches, sometimes ulcers of the vestibular area; Sneeze the row, in case of heavy sneezing continuously for hours, causing fatigue, reducing memory; Stop nasal varies depending on time, weather and seasonal; Due to nasal congestion patients must breathe through the mouth leading to sore throat, bronchitis; The symptoms of itching in the nose, angina in the nose, due to the stagnant secretion in the throat, the patient must always spit; The nasal lining is edematous, pale, covered with diluted mucus, or thick pus, white or yellow, blue when there is bacterial superinfection; The degenerative nasal mucosa turned into a large polyp.

    • Transmission route of Allergic rhinitis's diseaseAllergic rhinitis

    Allergic rhinitis is not a infectious disease, so it is unable to spread from infected people to healthy people. 

    People at risk for Allergic rhinitis's disease

    Allergic can affect anyone, but you are likely to have allergic rhinitis if there is a history of allergies in the family already having this disease. Bị hen suyễn hoặc bệnh chàm da cũng có thể làm tăng nguy cơ viêm mũi dị ứng.

    Some external factors can activate or deteriorate the altitude of rhinitis, including:

  • Tobacco smoke
  • Chemicals
  • Cold temperature
  • Moisture

    • Wind

  • Air pollution
  • Hair spray

    • Perfume

    Wood bushes

  • Smoke

    • Prevention of Allergic rhinitis's disease

    Want to prevent allergic rhinitis effectively, it is best to avoid pathogens, avoid smoke, dust, pollen, butterflies, feathers, paint, petrol, chemical vapor ...

    About eating, avoiding foods that can cause allergies such as silkworm pupae, tuna, shrimp, crabs ... For the elderly, they should not be subjective to expose the wet winds. At the same time, you should not live in a way that makes the body weak, less tolerant with all changes in the weather. Patients need to exercise the body by exercising and regularly is also a good effective preventive measure.

    Diagnostic measures for Allergic rhinitis's disease

    The diagnosis of allergic rhinitis is based on an accurate question in combination with a positive skin test that is suitable for data from skin test tests. Therefore, clinical symptoms suggest a lot of runny nose, sneezing, nasal congestion, itchy nose and pharyngeal membrane and mouth with loss of smell (contrary to the information received, allergic rhinitis does not disappear Situation is not accompanied by smell disorders). These symptoms occur depending on the exposure to animals or depending on the annual cycle calculation of pollen in the case of periodic rhinitis. In the case of perennial rhinitis, these symptoms are usually mitigated by the drug. Symptoms often combine with conjunctivitis and cough (or asthma) and the accompanying symptoms. The orientation factors are very important: Seasonal characteristics, self -allergy or family, combined with other diseases (bronchial lungs, ears, conjunctiva, sinuses, skin), the effectiveness of anti -drugs allergies and / or corticoide on the spot. The diagnosis of allergic rhinitis is to prove an intermediary immune response by IgE. Skin injection tests (skin, skin) are sensitive, easy to perform and inexpensive. They can be done with standardized extracts or with pristine raw materials. This method is often used for cross -allergy diseases rather than respiratory allergies because it is often more sensitive than commercial extracts. If necessary to confirm the diagnosis, the study of specialized Iges in serum is accurate, but its price limits its use. 

    Allergic rhinitis's disease treatments

    Patients can treat allergic rhinitis in different ways, including drugs, as well as home remedies and possibly alternative drugs. Therefore, patients need to be examined and consulted by your doctor before trying any new treatment for allergic rhinitis.Antihistamines

    Patients can use antihistamines to treat allergies based on the mechanism of action by preventing the body from producing histamines. Patients should be consulted by a doctor before starting a new drug. 

    DECONGESTANT (DECONGESTANT)

    Patients can use anti -congestant (Decongestant) for a short time, usually no more than three days, to reduce nasal congestion and sinus pressure. Using this medication for a longer time can cause reBound Effects, meaning that once the drug is stopped, the symptoms of the disease will really get worse. The popular OTC nasal pills include:

  • oxymetazoline (AFRIN nasal spray)
  • pseudoephedrine (sudafed)
  • phenylephrine (sudafed pe)
  • cetirizine with pseudoephedrine (Zyrtec-d)

    • If the patient has an abnormal heart rate, heart disease, a history of stroke, anxiety, sleep disorders, high blood pressure or bladder problems, talk to With a doctor before using anti -congestion drugs.

    Eye drops and nasal sprays

    eye drops and nasal sprays can help reduce itching and other allergy -related symptoms in a short time. However, depending on the product, patients may avoid long -term use.

    Like anti -congested drugs, abuse of some eye drops and nasal drops can also cause re -effects.

    corticosteroids may help reduce inflammation and respond to immune but do not cause re -effects. Steroid nasal sprays are often recommended for long -term, useful to control allergies. 

    Exam with a doctor before starting the allergic treatment regime to ensure that patients are taking the best medication for their symptoms. Doctors can also help patients determine which products are produced for short -term use and which products are allowed for long -term use.

    Avoid allergens

    avoid pollen and mold, dust, ticks, cockroach shit, dog, cats, petrol, fertilizer, pesticides, cosmetics, detergents ... P>Immunotherapy

    If the above measures have been used, people will consider the third method to change the immunity (immunity - Immunotherapy). This is a method for patients to absorb the dosage gradually increasing allergens to achieve sensitivity, which is to reduce the symptoms when exposed naturally return to that allergen. Immunotherapy is the only method to treat the root cause of allergies. However, although allergic rhinitis is often treated medical, but in some cases, doctors still prescribe surgery for treatment. That is when it is necessary to solve an accumulated disease in patients with allergic rhinitis that develops many polyps, or the nasal mucosa is excessive degeneration that causes many nasal congestion.

    For the elderly, avoid antihistamine drugs, such as promethazine, chlorpheniramine because of the less selective effect, so it can cause drowsiness, anxiety, confusion, urinary retention, constipation, hypotension ... Cases that only have rhinitis alone does not accompany conjunctivitis, should use antihistamines like nasal spray like azelastine because it has a quick effect and few side effects.

    See also:

  • Is allergic rhinitis contagious? >
  • What is the path of asthma?

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