Antiphopholipid syndrome

Antiphopholipid syndrome's disease overview

Antipholipid syndrome or phospholipid syndrome (APS or APLS), this is autoimmune disease, occurs when the immune system produces antibodies of anti -phospholipids in the blood, thereby creating blood clots in Circuit.

This can be dangerous when there is a blood clot in the leg, kidney, lungs and brain. In pregnant women, antipholipid syndrome can also lead to miscarriage and fetal death .

There is no way to treat phospholipid resistance syndrome, but the drug can support patients to reduce the risk of blood clots and form blood clots.

Depending on which organs are affected by blood clots and blood flow obstruction to that organ, untreated antiphospholipid syndrome can lead to permanent or death of internal organs. Complications include:

  • Renal failure leads to reduced blood flow to the kidneys.
  • stroke. Reducing blood flow to a part of the brain can cause a stroke that leads to permanent neurological damage such as partial paralysis and loss of speaking ability.
  • Cardiovascular problems. Blood clots on the legs damage the valves in the vein, making it difficult for the blood to flow to the heart. This can lead to chronic swelling and changing skin color in the lower legs. Another complication can cause heart damage.
  • Lung problems such as high blood pressure in the lungs and pulmonary embolism.
  • complications of pregnancy such as miscarriage, fetal loss, premature birth, growth retardation and high blood pressure during pregnancy causing pre -eclampsia.

    • Causes of Antiphopholipid syndrome's disease

    Antiphopholipid syndrome occurs when the mistake of the immune system produces antibodies that make the blood easily freeze the thrombotic lumps. Normally these antibodies protect the body against pathogens, such as viruses and bacteria.

    Antiphopholipid syndrome can occur on the background of patients who have suffered from a number of other diseases such as autoimmune disorders, infections or some drugs. In addition, this syndrome may also appear without the cause.

    Symptoms of Antiphopholipid syndrome's disease

    Signs and symptoms of antiphopholipid syndrome include:

  • Blood clots on the leg with symptoms such as pain, swelling and redness. These blood clots can move to the lungs leading to pulmonary obstruction.
  • Make miscarriage many times, consecutive miscarriage or stillbirth. Other complications of pregnancy include dangerous high blood pressure leading to pre -eclampsia and premature birth.
  • Stroke can occur in a young person with antiphospholipid syndrome, but for these patients, there is no risk factor that causes patients to increase the risk of heart disease. circuit.
  • Transient ischemic Attack. Similar to stroke, rays usually only exist for a few minutes and does not cause permanent damage to patients
  • rash. Some developers develop a red rash with the same shape.

    • Signs and less common symptoms include:

  • Neurological symptoms. Chronic headache, including migraine; Memory and convulsions are possible when a blood clot blocks blood flow to the brain parts.

    • Cardiovascular disease. Antiphopholipid syndrome can damage the heart valve.

  • bleeding. Some people suffer from blood components needed for blood clotting. This can cause symptoms of bleeding, especially from the nose and gums. In addition, patients have other symptoms such as easy to bleeding under the skin, appearing in the form of small red spots.

    • When to see a doctor?

    Patients should see a medical facility when symptoms of unexplained bleeding from the nose or gums, abnormal severe menstrual periods, patients with bright red or look like coffee grounds ; black stool, fishy smell or bright red stool; or abdominal pain for unknown reasons.

    Go to the emergency medical facility if there are signs and symptoms of:

  • Stroke. Blood clots in the brain can cause sudden, weak or paralysis of the face, arm or leg, patients may have difficulty speaking or understanding words, visual disorders and severe headaches. >
  • Pulmonary embolism. If a blood clot lies in the lungs with symptoms such as sudden shortness of breath, chest pain and coughing up blood mucus.
  • deep vein thrombosis. Signs and symptoms of deep vein thrombosis include swelling, redness or pain in the legs or arms.

    • Transmission route of Antiphopholipid syndrome's diseaseAntiphopholipid syndrome

    Antiphopholipid syndrome is autoimmune disease, so not transmitted from patients to healthy people.

    People at risk for Antiphopholipid syndrome's disease

    risk factors for antipholipid syndrome include:

  • Sex. Antiphospholipid syndrome is much more popular in women than men.
  • Immune system disorders. Currently, patients are suffering from other autoimmune diseases such as erythema lupus syndrome or sjogren syndrome, increasing the risk of antiphospholipid syndrome.
  • Infection. Antiphopholipid syndrome is more common in people with certain types of infections, such as syphilis, HIV / AIDS, hepatitis C or Lyme disease.
  • Medicine. Some drugs that have been studied have been related to antipholipid syndrome, including hydralazine to treat high blood pressure, heart rate regulator such as quinidine, anti -epileptic drugs (Dantin) and antibiotics. Amoxicillin.
  • Family history. Antiphopholipid syndrome is inherited by family.

    • There may be antibodies related to antiphospholipid syndrome without any signs or symptoms. However, these antibodies increase the risk of blood clots, especially if the patient:

  • Pregnancy

    • Immobile for a time like lying on a bed or sitting on a long flight

    Surgery

  • Smoking
  • Oral contraceptives or estrogen therapy for menopause

    • There is a high level of cholesterol and neutral fat in the blood

    Prevention of Antiphopholipid syndrome's disease

    For patients with antipholipid syndrome, to prevent and reduce

    Risk of blood clots, patients can do some of the following:

  • No smoking due to smoking will increase the risk of coagulation.

  • Do not drink too much alcohol.

    • Consider which types of contraception to use and discuss with your doctor, because some contraceptives increase the risk of coagulation.

  • Considering hormone replacement therapy after menopause, this may also increase the risk of blood clots so discuss with your doctor.
  • Consider in advance in case if the patient knows before it will soon have to stay in one place for a long time (for example on long -distance flights) and see if the patient can real Show measures to avoid this.
  • If the patient has another disease, it may increase the risk of blood clotting such as diabetes, high blood pressure or high cholesterol ... The patient should ensure regular health checks to control the This factor.

    • Diagnostic measures for Antiphopholipid syndrome's disease

    If the patient has many blood clots in many times or consecutive miscarriage without the cause, the doctor may appoint blood tests to check whether blood clotting is abnormal or not and find signs of Self -antibody with phospholipids.

    To confirm the diagnosis of antipholipid syndrome, antibodies must appear in the patient's blood at least twice, in tests that are conducted 12 weeks apart.

    Patients may have anti -phospholipid antibodies and never develop any signs or symptoms. The diagnosis of antipholipid syndrome is only performed when these antibodies cause health problems.

    Antiphopholipid syndrome's disease treatments

    If the patient has been diagnosed with antipholipid syndrome and has a blood clot, the doctor will initially treat it with a combination of blood thinning drugs to prevent blood clots. The most common are Heparin and Warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven). Heparin works quickly and is used through the injection route. Warfarin is in the form of tablets and takes a few days to take effect. Aspirin is also a blood thinner.

    When taking medication to thin blood, the patient will increase the risk of bleeding, so the doctor will monitor the dosage used by blood tests to make sure that the patient's blood is capable of coagulating blood. To stop bleeding when injury, cut or bleeding under the skin due to bruises ...

    Living mode

    Depending on the treatment plan for each patient with antiphospholipid syndrome will have plans to protect your health. If you are using blood thinning medicine, patients be more careful to avoid hurting themselves and avoid bleeding.

  • Avoid exposure to sports or other activities that can cause bruises or injuries or causing the patient to fall.
  • Use soft toothbrushes.
  • Shave with electric razor.
  • More carefully when using knives, scissors and other sharp tools.
  • Dining and supplementing functional foods

    • Some foods and drugs can affect the composition of blood thinning, so patients need to carefully refer to the following information from the doctor:

  • Select safe diet. Vitamin K can reduce the effectiveness of warfarin, but not other blood thinning agents. Patients may need to avoid eating a large amount of foods rich in vitamin K such as butter, broccoli, brussels, cabbage, vegetables and garbanzo beans. Cranberries and alcohol can increase the effect of blood thinning of warfarin. Ask your doctor if the patient needs to limit or avoid these drinks.
  • Safe and supplementing diet. Some drugs, vitamins and herbal products can interact with dangerous with warfarin as some non -prescribed painkillers, colds, stomach or multivitamins, as well as garlic, ginkgo, ginkgo and green tea products.

    • See also:

  • What is antipholipid syndrome related to miscarriage complications
  • Early miscarriage when the fetus has not been into the uterus yet?
  • Testing to do if you want to get pregnant after pregnancy
  • Make miscarriage many times: The most basic explanations
  • Is the deep vein thrombosis in pregnant women dangerous?

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