Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis's disease overview

What is

atherosclerosis?

The artery system has the function of transporting blood from the heart, carrying oxygen and nutrients to feed the body. Over the years, fats, cholesterol and other substances deposited into the vascular wall (called atherosclerotic plaques) causing narrowing of the vascular heart, hindering blood flow. It is called atherosclerosis .

Atherosclerosis can occur in many vascular systems such as carotid circuit, coronary artery, lower limb ... and cause many related diseases. When atherosclerotic plaque will produce blood clots that fill the vascular wall- which has been narrowed by atherosclerotic plaques. They almost play a key role in cardiovascular events: myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, limb obstruction ...

Causes of Atherosclerosis's disease

What is atherosclerosis ?

Atherosclerosis is a slow process, starting from youth. The age of atherosclerosis is gradually rejuvenated. The exact cause of the disease is still unknown, but it is known that many factors contribute to the formation of atherosclerosis. The beginning of the formation of atherosclerosis may be caused by blood vessel lesions. Some agents can cause endothelial damage such as:

  • Increased blood pressure
  • High levels of blood lipids
  • Smoking

    • High blood sugar

    Symptoms of Atherosclerosis's disease

    Atherosclerosis usually does not cause any symptoms until the event occurs. Symptoms related to atherosclerosis:

    Coronary artery atherosclerosis is the blood vessels that nourish the heart. The consequences of coronary atherosclerosis can cause heart failure and myocardial infarction. The manifestation of coronary artery is as follows:

  • Chest pain: Patients may have chest pain during exertion, strong emotions, support when resting. The chest pain usually lasts a few minutes, pain seemed to heavy, spreading to the left shoulder, spreading to the left arm. Called angina. If in the case of chest pain appears suddenly, lasting a few dozen minutes to hours, not help when resting, maybe the heart attack is happening. Myocardial infarction when it happens is a cardiovascular emergency, requiring timely treatment.

    • If coronary artery disease causes chronic heart failure, there may be symptoms of heart failure: shortness of breath, shortness of breath when striving, having shortness of breath at night. atherosclerotic atherosclerosis

    The ornamental circuit is a blood vessel for brain circulation. The consequences of atherosclerosis can cause cerebral infarction (brain stroke). Many patients only discovered ornamental narrowing when a stroke occurred. Symptoms of brain stroke include:

  • Fast -minded decline
  • Suddenly blurred view
  • It is difficult to say
  • Weak half -life depending on the level
  • Clinical examination can hear the blow of the scene
    • Lotus atherosclerosis under

    causes lower limb artery disease. Symptoms include:

  • Painfulness means pain when walking, less pain when resting. When the illness is seriously ill, only a few dozen meters can be walked and have to stop to rest.
  • Cold, muscle atrophy, dry skin due to nourishing hematuria
  • Poor or unable to catch the lower circuit
    • Atherosclerotic aneurysms, atherosclerosis, chest atherosclerosis are risk factors for aortic aneurysm. Usually there are no symptoms but very dangerous if the event occurs, it may be life -threatening if the aneurysm is broken. Symptoms that can be encountered in aortic aneurysm:

  • Chest pain, back pain

    • Symptoms due to compression of structures in the chest: hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, upper venous syndrome (face, neck, upper limb) ..

  • Abdominal pain (abdominal aneurysm)

  • People at risk for Atherosclerosis's disease

  • Hypertension

    • Blood lipid disorders

    obesity

    Diabetes

  • Smoking
  • Static, sedentary lifestyle
  • Mistakes in eating: Sugar, lots of fat, soft drinks, alcohol ..

    • Prevention of Atherosclerosis's disease

  • Quit smoking
  • Control blood pressure:

    • Exercise regularly, at least 30 minutes a day and 5 days a week

    A diet high in green vegetables, less animal fat, replaced with vegetable oils

    Take medicine and check blood pressure regularly

  • Losing weight
  • Control blood sugar
  • Treatment of blood lipid disorders

    • Diagnostic measures for Atherosclerosis's disease

  • Blood vascular ultrasound: can detect narrow, clogged vascular systems and affect the flow of this narrow. Often as an ultrasound of the ornamental circuit, kidney, lower limb.
  • Crossed blood vessel cutting: Often used when the patient has symptoms, requires intervention (aortic aneurysm, carotid narrowing, peripheral artery disease ...)
  • Experienced test: exertion with carpets, ultrasound trying to suspect coronary artery to find signs of myocardial anemia
    • electrocardiogram: Detection of signs of ischemic heart disease (coronary artery disease), myocardial infarction
  • Measure ABI: Ancient blood pressure- arm for early detection of lower limb artery disease
  • Coronary computerized tomography when indicated

    • Blood test: Cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, HBA1C

    Atherosclerosis's disease treatments

    Treatment atherosclerosis ?

    Internal medicine:

  • Control blood pressure with drugs: Calcium channel blockers (amlodipine, felodipin ..), Inhibitive enzymes/receptor inhibitors (Lisinopril, Captopril, Valsartan ...), sympathetic Beta blockers ( Metoprolol, bisoprolol ...) ...
  • Treatment of diabetes: taking pills or insulin depending on the degree. Currently, there are drugs that have been shown to reduce cardiovascular risk such as: SGLT2 receptor inhibition, GLP-1 co-operating.
  • Statin therapy: Treatment of blood lipid disorders, stable atherosclerosis. Common medicines: rosuvastatin, atorvastatin ..
  • Platelet resistance: Aspirin, clopidogrel when indicated depending on the clinical disease

    • Intravascular intervention: Put coronary stent, carotid circuit, circuit ..., aortic stent graft depending on each specific case

    Surgery: Local cascading surgery, North bridge of circuit, North bridge (CABG), replacement of aortic section ... depending on the specific case.

    See also:

  • What is coronary artery disease? Who is easy to get and how to detect early? Rhythmic arrhythmia

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