Bone myelitis

Bone myelitis's disease overview

What is

osteoporosis?

osteoporosis or inflammation is an acute or chronic bacterial infection in the bone including bone marrow or soft tissue around the bone. Often due to staphylococcus aureus causing disease or streptococcal hematuria. These bacteria enter the blood sugar before focusing on that bone actually the first bone myelitis is a blood infection. Bacteria enter the bones from blood in the body after fractures, boils, skin intake, middle ear infections, pneumonia or any infection.

The disease can be moved quickly and extremely painful, but the disease can be slowly and less painful.

Bone myelitis is a disease that is caused by bacteria to enter the bloodstream to the bone, causing bone inflammation in the bone, so it not only manifests local infections but also has a manifestation of systemic infections. In terms of anatomy, the disease shows 2 processes of bone destruction and parallel bone development.

Acute osteomyelitis Excessive manifestation with frantic symptoms. If not diagnosed early and timely treatment can develop into chronic osteomyelitis , prolonged disease, there are stages of the disease that do not work alternately with outbreaks. affecting bone development, bone deformation, limiting movement causing pain for patients to spend a lot of money. The mechanism of bone marrow damage in children begins in the bone body. Therefore, boneitis is the most important thing to be diagnosed with early and timely treatment.

Causes of Bone myelitis's disease

Causes of osteomyelitis are bacteria

The most common bacteria are staphylococcus aureus (about 50% of cases)

Other common bacteria include: hemolytic streptococcal, pneumococcal, Ecoli, typhoid bacilli, pus bacillus

How bacteria enter the blood?

Bacteria can be from a boil, a scratch, inflammation in the skin, sore throat, amydal inflammation or any inflammation of the body, then the bacteria enter the bloodstream then concentrate in the bone part Large concentration in the next connection between bone and bone body because this area is rich in blood vessels and is prone to osteomyelitis

Transmission route of Bone myelitis's diseaseBone myelitis

Blood osteoarthritis can be encountered at any age, but most common in teenagers.

Trauma is a favorable cause, reducing the body's resistance and on the spot, facilitating bone myelitis easily develops when there is blood infection.

another favorable cause reduces the body's resistance is overwork, poor eating, fatigue, encountered in poor countries.

People at risk for Bone myelitis's disease

Symptoms of osteomyelitis can be frantic or silent, specifically:

Acute osteomyelitis : Common children account for 80%

Any bone can be damaged, the position is often seen as long bones, soft bones, red bone marrow. Acute myelitis can also be secondary after the infection of the upper respiratory tract such as ear - nose - throat, bronchitis ... Acute osteomyelitis in children with systemic infections. At the inflammation, the limit of inflammation is not clear, both destroying and regenerating new bone.

There may be signs of full body infection such as: high fever trembling, swelling and redness in the damaged area. When there is a rash in the area with a swelling of the software often because pus has passed the bone shell, the membrane spread into the software, the nearby joint may be inflamed.

There may be signs of vague, unclear, easy to ignore infection. Usually children suddenly have high fever, mild infection.

Children calling around around, limiting activities (contrary to usual).

The examination of a slight swelling around the tip of the bone (most common bone inflammation around the knee), pressing the painless joint.

In the late stage when inflammation has broken the software organization, the whole body has an infection syndrome, clearly.

In place there is a muscle abscess in the limb: swelling - heat - red - pain and in the middle of the pus. Sometimes there are pus holes out. Pus holes caused by bone inflammation have typical characteristics: the skin around the dark hole, bone skin, pus flows through the odor, fishy ...

In adults: The lash disease is the most common form. Patients with dull pain in the injury area, muscle contraction next to the spine, limiting spinal movement, pressing in place with pain with symptoms of nerve compression such as paralysis, urination disorders ...

Characteristics of acute osteomyelitis: Bone myelitis after bacterial infections can be diagnosed early, but secondary osteomyelitis after an adjacent infection: Software lesions, ulcers Slipping due to crushing, cellular inflammation, nutritious skin ulcers ... Usually this type of diagnosis is often slow, when infection has become chronic. Due to the disease quickly. When developing into chronic inflammation often symptoms of systemic and in place are not frantic.

Chronic osteomyelitis : Processing long, there are stages of the disease that does not work alternately with the outbreaks. Pus, sometimes the fistula escapes the dead bone. When the fistula is clogged, there may be a bacterial outbreak.

Subclinical symptoms :

Blood tests with leukemia, increased neutral leukocyte ratio, sedimentation and reaction C protein (CRP) increased.

Early stage X -ray: Software swelling, signs of bone membrane reaction. Signs of bone pepper are usually later, may encounter images of bone pepper with clear reaction edges, dead bone shapes.

ultrasound allows for swelling of the software, especially the attached mechanical APXEs.

Computerized and magnetic resonance imaging is also highly valuable to diagnose bone damage, software caused by bone inflammation, especially in a difficult position. P>

Blind needle suction or under the instructions of ultrasound, cutting a layer of fresh scope, culture to find VK, as antibiotics for treatment.

For early diagnosis of osteomyelitis in the first 24-48 hours, the 3-phase 3-phase bone radius method uses 99 TC-MDP.

Prevention of Bone myelitis's disease

Thoroughly treating the infections under the doctor's prescription, compliance with treatment

For skin wounds that need to ensure good hygiene, good drainage to avoid infections

Diagnostic measures for Bone myelitis's disease

Based on clinical symptoms manifesting systemic and inflammatory infections

X-ray for the first 7-10 days, the symptoms of X-rays are unclear. After 12 days, signs of osteoarthritis began clearly.

In addition, doctors will appoint bone cutting to help see changes in the software due to inflammatory reaction.

High blood blood tests, white blood cells ...

Bone bone radiation with TC99M-MDP is a high sensitivity method in early osteomic detection for the first 24-48 hours. Is a modern, non -invasive, high accuracy method being carried out in large hospitals in Vinmec Hospital. Vinmec uses a leading modern device for clear images to detect lesions very early to help diagnose early so that early treatment can avoid the complications of osteomyelitis

Bone myelitis's disease treatments

How to treat osteomyelitis?

Acute osteomyelitis, if not treated, the patient may die due to the body infection every day increasing or due to the abscess under the root will break the software and leak out. If treated can completely recover or not thoroughly treated into chronic osteomyelitis, so it is necessary to have early, effective, specific treatment:

Principle of treatment

Diagnosis of early disease, using intravenous antibiotics, latex drainage and necrotic organization (if any).

Just before the medication needs blood transplantation, joint implantation, quickly test the joint fluid or pus specimens on the spot by gram dyeing to look for bacteria. Based on the results of gram dyeing fresh screening in combination with risk factors for predicting bacteria to select appropriate antibiotics - before the result of blood culture or purulent fluid.

Antibiotics belong to the bactericidal group, high doses, start intravenously. In most cases, high -dose antibiotic antibiotics should be used (Oxacillin, Nafcillin, Cefazolin, or Vancomycin), if suspected to be infected with VK gram -negative, it is necessary to combine with a 3rd generation cephalosporin group, or aminoglycoside , or fluoroquinolon.

When there is antibiotic results, treatment based on response results and antibiotics.

Treatment time:

Acute osteomyelitis: 4-6 weeks, if the treatment time <3 weeks of failure rate is 10 times higher. Surgical treatment in case of bone abscess, under bone membrane, combination with arthritis, or no improvement of symptoms after 24-48h

Occupation of the spinal disc: 4-6 weeks or longer. Surgical treatment is largely unnecessary, unless the spine is steady or has symptoms of nerve compression, or the widespread software APXE cannot be resolved by subcutaneous drainage.

Chronic osteomy inflammation:

It is necessary to consider the risk and benefits of surgical treatment to eliminate chronic osteomyelitis. Surgery to remove all inflammatory foci

Should use appropriate antibiotics before surgery for days to control the infection, then continue to use 4-6 weeks of intravenous sugar after surgery.

Recently, bone transplantation, software transplantation, switching surgery to improve the nurturing status on the spot have made great advances in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis

Rehabilitation

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