Bonebone disorders (MDS)

Bonebone disorders (MDS)'s disease overview

Syndrome myeloma disorders (myelodySplastic syndrome - MDS) is a group of disorders caused by abnormal or non -active blood cells. 

Cyeurity syndrome occurs when there is instability in the bone marrow, which produces blood cells. 

Is the bone marrow disorder dangerous?

Cyeurity syndrome is quite severe, persistent and very difficult to treat. Patients may die from complications such as infections, hemorrhage, iron stasis due to many times of blood transfusions that cause organs or due to transformed into acute leukemia. 

However, people who suffer from this disease still have the hope of being treated and often can maintain life for more years after diagnosis. In some cases, bone marrow disorder syndrome is treated by bone marrow transplantation.

Cyeurity syndrome is involved in many chromosomal abnormalities. The most common is the loss or loss of all chromosomes No. 5 or 7, less common than the loss of chromosomes 9, 11, 12, 13, 17 or 20.

The characteristic of the disease is the disorder of differentiation and proliferation of blood cell lines, causing inefficient hematopoietic causes, resulting in a decrease in 1, 3 or 3 cell lines in the peripheral blood. suitable for the morphological disorders and functions of 3 lines of red blood cells, leukocytes and platelets in the bone marrow.

Types of marrow disorders include:

  • Nguyen Phat red blood cells: This type of disorder occurs when bone marrow produces too much blood cells, especially red blood cells. More than 95% of people with Nguyen Phat red blood cells carry the Jak2V617F gene mutation in the blood.
  • Essential platelet increase: occurs when the body produces too much platelet cells, causing blood clots. Blood clots can block blood vessels leading to heart attack or stroke.

    • Hardelo fiber: Occurs when bone marrow produces too much collagen or fibrous tissue in the bone marrow reduces the ability to produce blood cells of the marrow.

    Chronic leukemia (CML): A type of bone marrow cancer, producing abnormal granulocytes.

    Causes of Bonebone disorders (MDS)'s disease

    A myeloma syndrome occurs when there is a breakdown of blood cell production.

    People with marrow disorders can have normal and defective blood cells. Instead of normal growth, blood cells may die in the bone marrow or immediately after getting into the bloodstream. Over time, the number of defect cells begins to superior to healthy blood cells causing a number of problems such as anemia, bacterial and bleeding.Causes of marrow disorders include:

  • Genetic factors: Some people with marrow disorders have an abnormal chromosome called Philadelphia chromosomes. <
    • Environmental factors: Bone marrow disorders may be a result of excessive contact with radiation, wiring or chemicals.

    Calmia syndrome is divided into two types based on the cause of the disease:

  • Unknown marrow disorders syndrome: also known as DE NOVO root disorders syndrome. Doctors cannot find the cause of this condition. More notably, the De Novo marrow disorder syndrome is often treated more easily than the marrow disorders syndrome know the cause

    • Cytrine syndrome caused by chemicals and radiation: occurs when reacting with cancer treatment such as chemotherapy and radiation or reaction to exposure learn. This disease is also known as secondary marrow disorder syndrome and is often more difficult to treat.

    Symptoms of Bonebone disorders (MDS)'s disease

    In the early stages, the medullary disorder syndrome rarely shows signs or symptoms. 

    However, after a period of time, myeloma syndrome can cause:

  • Fatigue
  • Difficulty breathing

    • pale, pale, unusual skin due to anemia. Anemia is usually slowly, persistent and unknown.

    Bleeding syndrome (under the skin, mucosa, internal organs).

  • Infection syndrome (respiratory, digestive, genital - urinary, ...).
  • may encounter big liver and/or spleen.
  • Abdominal pain

    • Dark skin contamination is common in patients with monocyte white blood cells.

    The above symptoms may appear alone or coordinated, bacterial infections, hemorrhagic, spleen liver are common with a lower rate of anemia syndrome. <

    People at risk for Bonebone disorders (MDS)'s disease

    The factors that increase the risk of marrow disorders include:

  • Old age: over 60 years old
  • Sex: Male is at higher risk than women
  • Treatment or radiotherapy. 
  • Exposure to chemicals: cigarette smoke, pesticide and industrial chemicals like Benzen
  • Exposure to heavy metals such as lead and mercury

    • Prevention of Bonebone disorders (MDS)'s disease

    Measures to prevent complications of marrow disorders include:

  • Reduce the risk of infection by regularly washing hands. Wash your hands carefully with warm water, soap, especially before eating or when preparing food
  • Be careful with food: Cook all kinds of meat and fish, avoid eating fruits and vegetables that cannot be peeled, especially lettuce and washing it all before Peeling

    • Avoid contact with people with illness due to marrow disorders syndrome that can affect the immune system.

    Diagnostic measures for Bonebone disorders (MDS)'s disease

    Clinical: Anemia syndrome, infection syndrome, hemorrhage syndrome, can experience enlarged liver. 

    Subclinical:

  • Peripheral blood:

  • Colorful anemia, may experience peripheral blood cells. 

    • leukocytes may be normal, increase or decrease, decrease or lose specific particles, have a broken core image, or increase specific particle or increase segment, may appear, may appear Malignant cells (blast). platelets can increase, decrease or normal, the most common abnormalities are platelets with large size (huge platelets). 

  • Most map:

  • Red blood cells often proliferate, encounter young red blood cells of all ages, young red blood cells with dots, or young red blood cells that create less hemoglobin. It is possible to increase the raw red blood cells but rarely meet the normal young red blood cells and islands. It is possible to encounter a lot of red blood cells, the satellite is seen in the colorful and acidic stage, the cytoplasm has a cavity or less hemoglobin. Iron blood cell dyeing (Perls dye) can detect round sideroplast (a standard in the disease of the medullary disorder syndrome).
  • granulocytes: often have granulocytes and mono lines, reduce or lose specific particles, distorted, cracked cells, satellite, cell appears one cell one The nucleus of neutral leukemia, abnormal Pelger huh. Mercury and cell marrow growth may be encountered. Blast cells are always encountered but the ratio is almost normal (less than 2%), but may increase, up to approximately 20% in the form of excessive increased blast cells. 
    • platelet: encounter platelet samples stunted, no lobes or two lobes, multiple zones or a few citrus. 
  • Bone marrow biopsy: Very valuable in early diagnosis when the disease turns into acute leukemia. Detecting the abnormal localities of mature heads, the prognosis of disease is easy to turn into acute leukemia. There may be increased fiber in a little blast.
  • Biological testing tests: depending on the disease, there is a reasonable test. 

    • Differentiate diagnosis: Bone marrow decline, enlarged red blood cell anemia due to folic acid and vitamin B12, congenital sideroblast anemia. 

    Bonebone disorders (MDS)'s disease treatments

    General principle of treating bone marrow disorders:

  • Treatment based on disease, risk factors, age and whole situation. 
  • The main treatment measures are: chemotherapy, using differentiated substances, bone marrow transplant, supplementary treatment for anemia, hemorrhage, and infection. 

    • There has been no method to cure marrow disorders. Treatment of myelomatoma syndrome often focus on slowing down the progression of the disease and supporting care to help control symptoms such as fatigue and to prevent bleeding and infection.

    Methods of treating bone marrow disorders include:

  • Blood transfusion: To replace red blood cells, leukemia or platelets in people with marrow disorders syndrome

    • Drugs: To increase the number of healthy blood cells including drugs to increase the number of blood cells producing, stimulating drugs to complete blood cells, the drug that prevents the exemption system. Translation, drugs for people with genetic abnormalities

  • Bone marrow stem cell transplantation: During bone marrow stem cell transplant, the doctor will remove defective blood cells, damaged by using chemotherapy. The abnormal stem cells in the bone marrow are replaced by the donated cells.

    • Support treatment:

    Anti -emia:

  • Red blood cell transmission
    • erythropoietin: 10,000UI/time x 3 times/week or 40,000UI/time/week of subcutaneous injection. 

    Anti -hemorrhage:

  • Platelet transmission of the same group
  • tranexamic acid 0.25g x 1-2 tubes, intramuscularly or intravenously
  • thrombopoietin

    • Anti -infection:

  • Antibiotic treatment by antibiotics when infected
  • Keep eating and drinking, oral hygiene, body

  • iron waste

    • Reasonable diets and activities:

  • Eating antioxidant foods includes fruits (such as blueberries, cherries, tomatoes), vegetables (such as squash and bell peppers). Refined foods such as white bread, pasta and especially sugar.
  • Use healthy oils such as olive oil or vegetable oil. >
  • Drink 6 - 8 glasses of water per day.

    • Exercise at least 30 minutes a day.

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