Breast cancer

Breast cancer's disease overview

Breasts include small lobes (milk glands), sub -trailers (extremely small tubes leading to nipples) and fat tissue.

Cancer can start anywhere in the body, the cancer starts in the breast is called breast cancer . Breast cancer begins when a group of mammary gland cells grow beyond control, keep multiplying and overwhelming normal cells. Cancer cells then spread to other parts of the body, called metastases.

Đa số các trường hợp ung thư vú đều bắt đầu trong các tế bào niêm lót tiểu quản, gọi là ung thư tiểu quản. Other cases of cancer begins in urinary lined cells or from other tissues in the breast.

Causes of Breast cancer's disease

The cause of breast cancer may be the interaction between genes and habitats.

Genetic breast cancer is about 5 - 10% of breast cancer related to genetic mutations that are inherited from previous generations in the family. The most known gene is BRCA1 and BRCA2, both of these genes increases the risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer.

Therefore, it is necessary to see a doctor for genetic advice and blood test to detect the BRCA gene when the family has relatives with breast cancer or other types of cancer.Risk factors

  • Women

    • Older

  • Has been on the spot or hypertrophic hypertrophy of mammary glands.
  • Families with relatives (mother, sister or sister) with breast cancer
  • There are mutations for BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes

    • Radioactive exposure

    obesity

    Menstrual period before 12 years of age

  • Having the first child after 30 years old

    • Not pregnant

  • Use of postmenopausal hormonal therapy
  • Alcoholic drinks

    • Symptoms of Breast cancer's disease

    The most common manifestation of breast cancer is the occurrence of tumors. The tumor may be hard or soft, painful or painless. Therefore, if there is any breast tumor, patients need to see a doctor for examination.

    Other signs may also be a manifestation of breast cancer:

  • swelling of all or part of the breast
  • changes in the nipple or breast skin, such as burning pain, a concave, redness, scales or thicker < /Li>
  • pain in the breast or nipple
  • nipples in the nipple
    • U at armpit lymph nodes

    Prevention of Breast cancer's disease

    1. Prevention for women at risk of average breast cancer
  • regularly breast examination
  • Go to medical facilities for breast cancer screening: Breast examination, mammography

    • Limit drinking alcoholic drinks

  • Exercise at least 30 minutes a day
  • Restricting the use of hormonal therapy after menopause
  • Maintain a stable weight, not too overweight nor too thin
  • Healthy diet
    • 2. Preventing women at high risk of breast cancer
  • Prevention with drugs: Using hormonal inhibitors estrogen or total inhibition Estrogen helps reduce the risk of breast cancer.
  • Preventive surgery: 2 -sided mammary removal, may be accompanied by ovarian removal to reduce the risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer.

    • Diagnostic measures for Breast cancer's disease

  • Breast examination: To find changes in the nipple or breast skin, and check the lymph nodes under the armpits and on the collarbone to know the level of spreading cancer. Li> breast ultrasound
  • mammoGraphy (mamography)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) breast
  • Testing from nipple >
  • breast biopsy
  • What diagnostic choice according to the doctor's status about the condition of each person

    • Breast cancer's disease treatments

    1 Radiotherapy: Helps destroy any cancer cells left in the breast, in the chest wall or in the armpits after surgery.

    There are 2 irradiation methods: irradiation by an external beam (irradiation on the breast from the body placed outside the body) and radioactive therapy (radioactive particles are placed In the breast tissue next to the cancer area).

    2. Body therapy: Chemical therapy (use drugs to fight cancer) and hormonal therapy
  • Drugs that go into the body in intravenously or take it underground The tablet form, then the drug goes into the blood and spread throughout the body.
  • The treatment process usually lasts many months, and is done in the cycle, between each cycle is a few weeks of temporary break.
  • Patients may experience side effects of chemotherapy such as fatigue, hair loss, discomfort in the stomach, ... However, these problems will disappear after End of treatment.
    • Hormonal therapy
  • estrogen is a female hormone created by the body. In some cases, estrogen makes breast cancer grow stronger. Therefore, preventing the effects of estrogen or lowering estrogen levels is also a way to treat some types of breast cancer.
  • tamoxifen is the most commonly used estrogen -taken drug, taken daily in the form of tablets.
    • 3. Other methods have not been tested, resulting in not effective, or even more harmful. Therefore, patients should consult a doctor before using any method.

    At Vinmec, self -immune therapy supports cancer treatment (including breast cancer) has been applied. Vinmec is one of the first hospitals in Vietnam to use this therapy to increase the effectiveness of cancer treatment (including breast cancer). Learn more about therapy in the following articles:

  • Self -immune therapy - New hope for cancer patients
  • How extent how is the immune system enhancement of the immune system for cancer patients?
  • Learn about self -enhancement therapy for self -supporting cancer treatment
    • 4. Can breast cancer be cured?
  • Currently, as mentioned above, there are many methods to treat breast cancer, however, whether the choice of the method and the treatment is effective or not depending on it. Age, cancer stage, accompanying background, tolerance of side effects appear when treated by each patient.
  • Besides, after the treatment process, patients need to re -examination according to the appointment, because breast cancer may recur. Every time the doctor, the doctor will conduct medical examination, blood tests or other tests to know if the cancer has relapsed or not. At first the examination will be every 3 to 6 months. After that, the time between the re -examination will gradually grow, and after 5 years the patient may only have to visit once a year. Patients need to be monitored continuously for many years after the end of treatment.
  • If the patient is taking Tamoxifen, it is necessary to see an annual pelvis, as this drug increases the risk of uterine cancer.
  • In addition, patients need to maintain a healthy lifestyle and regular examination/re -examination.

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