Cancer of vulva

Cancer of vulva's disease overview

The vulva is the area where the leather surrounds the urethra and the vagina, including clitoris and lips. The vulva cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the outer surface area of ​​the female genitalia.

Vulvar cancer often forms as a lump or pain on the vulva that often causes itching. Although it can occur at any age, vulvar cancer is often diagnosed in the elderly.

Treatment of vulvar cancer includes surgery to remove cancer and a small amount of healthy tissue around. Sometimes vulvar cancer surgery requires removal of the entire vulva. Vulvar cancer earlier is diagnosed, less likely to need surgery for treatment.

Causes of Cancer of vulva's disease

Currently, scientists have not found the cause of vulvar cancer . Overall, doctors know that cancer begins when a cell develops mutated in its DNA. Mutations allow cells to grow and divide quickly. Its cells and children continue to live when other normal cells will die in cycles. The accumulated cells form a tumor can be cancer, nearby tissue invasive and spread to other parts of the body.

Types of vulvar cancer

When you know the type of vulvar cancer cell helps the doctor plan the most effective treatment including:

  • Squamous cell carcinoma. This cancer starts in thin, flat cells on the surface of the vulva. Most vulvar cancer is scaled cell carcinoma.
  • Vulvar Melanoma. This cancer begins in pigment cells found in the skin of the vulva.

    • Symptoms of Cancer of vulva's disease

    Signs of vulvar cancer may include:

  • Itching from
  • Pain and pressing in pain
  • Menstrual bleeding
  • Skin changes, such as changing color or thickening in vulva

    • Warts, warts or ulcers

    When to see a doctor?

    Schedule an appointment for gynecologist if suspected or encounter any persistent symptoms that make the patient worry.

    Transmission route of Cancer of vulva's diseaseCancer of vulva

    Vulvar cancer is not transmitted from patients to healthy people.

    People at risk for Cancer of vulva's disease

    Although the exact cause of vulva cancer is not known, some factors seem to increase the risk of disease, including:

  • Increase age. The risk of vulvar cancer increases with age, although it can occur at any age. The average age is diagnosed with vulvar cancer is 65.
  • Papillomavirus virus infection in humans (HPV). HPV is a sexually transmitted disease that increases the risk of a number of cancers, including vulva and cervical cancer. Young people with sexual activity will be exposed to HPV, but for most cases of infection will disappear by themselves. For some people, infections cause cell changes and increase the risk of future cancer.
  • Smoking. Smoking increases the risk of vulva cancer.
  • Weak immune system. Those who take the drug to inhibit the immune system, such as those who have undergone internal transplantation and those who have diseases that weaken the immune system such as immunodeficiency viruses in humans (HIV) are all available. The risk of vulvar cancer.
  • Có tiền sử mắc bệnh tiền ung thư. Viêm lộ tuyến nội mạc âm hộ là tình trạng tiền ung thư làm tăng nguy cơ ung thư âm hộ. Most of the vulvar cell tumors will never develop into cancer, but a few have continued to become invasive vulva cancer. For this reason, the doctor may recommend treatment to eliminate the abnormal cell area and regular monitoring tests.

    • Linche disease fibrosis makes the vulva skin thin and itchy, increasing the risk of vulva cancer.

    Prevention of Cancer of vulva's disease

    Reducing the risk of sexually transmitted diseases

    To reduce the risk of vulvar cancer, reduce the risk of sexually transmitted virus infection:

  • Limit your number of partners. If there are more partners, the risk of exposure to HPV is higher.

    • Use condoms every time you have sex. Condoms can reduce the risk of HPV virus but cannot fully protect it.

  • HPV vaccination. Children and young people can consider the HPV vaccine, which helps protect against virus strains that are thought to cause most of the cancer cases.

    • How to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIS)?

    Periodic examination of pelvic area

    Women should regularly have health checks, especially organs in the pelvic area. Through testing, exploiting a history of disease and direct examination of vulva and internal reproductive organs for the doctor to detect abnormal signs.

    Diagnostic measures for Cancer of vulva's disease

    To diagnose vulvar cancer, the doctor may specify the following tests:

  • Examination of vulva with a special exaggerated device for cervical screening, closely checking the vulva.
  • Biopsy. To determine whether a suspected skin area on the vulva is cancer or not. During the biopsy, the biopsy cell area will be local anesthetic and other special cutting knives or cutting tools used to remove all or part of the suspicious area. Depending on the number of tissue removed, the patient may need to be stitched.
    • Xác định mức độ ung thư

    Khi người bệnh đã được chẩn đoán ung thư âm hộ, bác sĩ sẽ xác định kích thước và giai đoạn của bệnh ung thư. Determining the stage includes:

  • Check the pelvic area to find signs that cancer has spread.
  • Imaging diagnosis. The image of the chest or abdomen may show whether the cancer has spread to those areas. Imaging techniques may include X-ray, computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and layered Positron (PET).
    • The pussy cancer stage

    The vulvar cancer is symbolized by a Roman digit that indicates the stage including:

  • Stage I describes a small tumor limited to vulva or skin area between vaginal and anus. This cancer does not spread to lymph nodes or other areas of the body.

    • Stage tumors II are developed blocks including nearby structures, such as the lower parts of the urethra, vagina and anus.

  • Stage cancer III has spread to lymph nodes.

    • Stage IV is when a cancer has spread to lymph nodes, or has spread to the upper parts of the urethra or vagina, or has spread to the bladder, trực tràng hoặc xương chậu. Ung thư có thể đã di căn đến các bộ phận xa của cơ thể.

    Cancer of vulva's disease treatments

    The vulvar cancer treatments depend on the type and stage of cancer, overall health and desire of the patient.

    Surgery to remove vulvar cancer

    Surgery used to treat vulva cancer includes:

  • Cancer removal and part of healthy tissue. This technique can also be called local removal or thoroughly removal, related to cancer removal and a small amount of normal tissue surrounding it. Cut off what the doctors called the edge of the tissue look normal to ensure that all cancer cells have been removed.
  • Surgical surgery. Surgery to remove part of the vulva (remove a part of the vulva) or the entire vulva, including the tissues below (thoroughly remove the vulva), this is a measure for most cancer people. has been spread. However, doctors may recommend that patients should combine radiation and chemotherapy to try to shrink the tumor before surgery, which will allow smaller surgery.

    • Surgery to remove all vulva risks, such as infection and problems with healing around the incision. The vulva surgery may change the sensation in the genital area of ​​the patient. Depending on the surgery, the genital area may feel numb and may not achieve orgasm in sex.Nearby lymph nodes removal surgery

    cancer can spread to lymph nodes in the groin, so the doctor can remove these lymph nodes at the same time the surgery person to eliminate cancer. Depending on the specific situation, the doctor can only remove a few lymph nodes or many lymph nodes. Eliminating lymph nodes can cause water stasis and leg swelling, called lymphatic edema.

    In some situations, the surgeon can use a technique that allows them to remove less lymph nodes. Called Sentinel lymph nodes to identify lymph nodes where cancer is the first spread. After that, the surgeon will remove that lymph nodes to check. If the cancer cells are not found in that lymph nodes, the possibility of cancer cells does not spread to other lymph nodes.

    Radiation therapy

    Radiation therapy uses strong energy beams, such as X -rays and protons, to kill cancer cells. Radiation therapy for vulvar cancer is usually controlled by a machine that moves around your body and directs radiation to the exact points on the skin.

    Radiotherapy is sometimes used to shrink large vulvar cancer to help increase the success of surgery. Radiation is sometimes combined with chemotherapy, which can make cancer cells more vulnerable to radiation therapy.

    If cancer cells are detected in lymph nodes, the doctor may advise patients to radiation therapy in the area around the lymph nodes to destroy any remaining cancer cells. After surgery.

    Chemotherapy

    chemotherapy is a drug using chemicals to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy is usually injected with intravenously in the arm or oral. For people with advanced vulvar cancer that have spread to other areas of the body, chemotherapy may be an option. Chemotherapy is sometimes combined with radiation therapy to shrink large vulvar cancer to increase the possibility of surgery. Chemotherapy can also be combined with radiation if there is evidence of cancer that has spread to lymph nodes.

    After monitoring test after treatment

    After completing the treatment of vulvar cancer, the doctor proposed to check periodically to detect cancer recurrence. Even after successful treatment, vulvar cancer may return. The doctor will determine the appropriate monitoring schedule for patients, but doctors often recommend seeing two to four times a year in the first two years after the treatment of vulva cancer.

    See also:

  • What is the vulva? How to know normal or abnormal vulva?
  • inflammation, pussy pain: Things to know
  • What diseases can HPV virus cause?
  • How to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIS)?
  • 9 most common sexually transmitted diseases

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