The stroke is a type of stroke due to a lack of blood supply to the brain, unlike cerebral hemorrhage originating from brain bleeding
Cerebral infarction accounts for 70-80% of stroke cases but can be cured while patients with cerebral hemorrhage easily die or disability
The stroke of cerebral infarction is the process of narrowed or blocked cerebral arteries, causing the circulating flow in the brain area because the artery is severely reduced, causing necrosis, the function of the brain area is disordered and the expression is Currently, the symptoms of neuropathy corresponding to the damaged brain area.
Causes of Cerebral infarction's disease
Due to thrombosis in the artery (thrombosis): the process of originating from the lesions of the vascular wall, then the lesions growing and causing narrowing or obstruction of the brain artery
due to embolism (Embiism): The blockage originates from the cardiovascular system (from the heart or atherosclerotic plaques) or outside the heart such as gas, crushing the body software of the body ), according to the circulatory system to the brain, to a narrower artery where its size will lie and cause clogging
The specific figures about the cause of the cerebral infarction include:
Large blood atherosclerosis accounts for 50% of 45% of the large vessels of the skull and 5% large blood vessels in the skull
thrombosis from the heart such as valve disease, atrial fibrillation, ... accounting for 20%
Small blood vessels in the brain accounts for 25%
Atherosclerotic artery disease and blood disease are less than 5%
Symptoms of Cerebral infarction's disease
Patients with cerebral infarction will have general clinical symptoms such as:
localized nerve symptoms depending on the area and artery are damaged. Common neurological symptoms such as:
Headache, nausea, vomiting
Conscious disorders
Central -style muscle disorders: urination, bedwetting, constipation
Plant neurological disorders: Birth disorder
Convulsions, mental disorders
Mening meninges syndrome: headache, constipation, vomiting, kernig (+) Specific symptoms according to the artery position The damage includes the syndrome: the inner artery syndrome:
Arterial force is damaged
Half -person on the opposite side (central paralysis)
Reducing the retinal pressure of the central retina
Symptoms can recover partly or completely if the artery is not completely clogged
First brain artery syndrome:
Half opposite to the lesions
Half of the left person is ineffective due to bottle damage
Masal disorders due to central lobes damage
The middle brain artery syndrome: Lesions, language disorders and consciousness
For agricultural branch damage, the opposite side is equal, the advantage of the face and hands rather than the foot with sensory disorders
For deep branch lesions, it will cause evenly paralysis on the opposite of the damage but there is no sensory disorder. Patients may have a linguistic disorder if half of the hemispherical damage
For the lesions of the brain artery, the symptoms often disorders of motor language or sensory language, the ability to determine left and right, the ability to calculate, write , even losing body awareness
Age aortic artery syndrome:
Patients with the whole half of the first person, losing the feeling of half -man -style, semi -fame, muscle tone and puppet Half of the opposite plant neuropathy, no language disorders
Hội chứng động mạch đốt sống thân nền:
Triệu chứng sẽ rất nặng nếu tổn thương toàn bộ động mạch đốt sống thân nền như: rối loạn trương lực cơ, duỗi cứng mất não, liệt các dây Skull nerve VII, IX, XI, XII, severe plant neurological disorders, prognosis of bad patients and easy to die
The base artery damage can not be completely causing brain syndrome (central limb paralysis combined with peripheral nerves on both sides)
The body's artery damage also causes cerebellar syndrome
People at risk for Cerebral infarction's disease
People at high risk of acute cerebral infarction are often people who have diseases that increase the ability to form abnormal thrombosis or diseases that damage the inner lining of the cerebral artery like : heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes and coagulation disorders
Smokers, alcoholism
People with a history of obesity, sedentary, high cholesterol, stress can easily lead to cerebral infarction even with young people
Prevention of Cerebral infarction's disease
Avoid risk factors by building a healthy and positive lifestyle such as: not smoking, stimulants, limiting alcohol, maintaining a diet. Healthy lots of vegetables and fruits, along with regular exercise to reduce the risk of obesity, limit salty eating and animal fat
Need thorough treatment or good control of diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, lipid disorders, cardiovascular disease through measures such as measuring blood pressure Date, blood and fat control
Patients and family members should note the signs needed to identify the stroke that is Fast (fast) are the abbreviations of:
Face (face): The patient laughs or bared his teeth, one side does not move
Arm (Hand): The arm is weaker than the other on the other on the same time, raising both hands
Speech (Words): Speaking of tongue, using inappropriate words or silence
Time (Time): If there is one of the above symptoms, it is necessary to take the patient to the hospital immediately and remember the time of symptoms of symptoms
>> Note must remember when first aid at the person with a stroke
Diagnostic measures for Cerebral infarction's disease
Diagnosis of cerebral infarction should be based on both clinical and supportive tests:
Clinical symptoms: usually suddenly onset with typical symptoms such as: headache, vomiting or nausea, hemiplegia, consciousness disorders or movement disorders
CT scanner (CT Scanner): In the dark period (3-6 hours) of cerebral infarction, changes on the image of the brain cutting very discreetly, It can be seen that early images such as losing the boundary of the gray matter, the brain groove, the Sylvius stenosis, the loss of the ribbon, the stenosis of the ventricles and the basal tank, increasing the proportion of blood vessels in the Willis polygon area Special blood clots between the middle brain artery. Once the cerebral infarction has been formed, the CT scanner will give the image reducing the proportion of the cerebral cortex, under the shell or the white or gray matter deep in the artery's perfusion area
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): The cerebral infarction reduces the signal slightly on the T1W image, increasing the signal on the T2W image at the acute phase. Injecting contrast drugs shows that the lesions infuse drugs
Cerebral infarction's disease treatments
Principles of treating cerebral infarction include:
Treatment of thrombolytic pepper: is a specific treatment of cerebral infarction but to apply it, the patient needs to meet the testing standards and time, in which the time is telling Since the onset, no more than 3 hours
Using aspirin and other anti -stopped drugs: used in all cases of stroke of cerebral infarction except patients with allergies or intolerance Consider using thrombolytic drugs. Heparin and other anticoagulants are only indicated for treatment in the case of atrial fibrillation, valve or a deep vein thrombosis
Treatment of antihypertensive drugs: Hypertension is the main risk of brain stroke, so the treatment of hypotension is necessary for both patients with hypertension without stroke and disease The person has cerebral infarction
Treatment of diabetes in brain stroke: Patients with cerebral infarction with diabetes are recommended for treatment for normal blood sugar level and HBA1C is less than 7%. P>
Care for patients with cerebral infarction should note the following measures:
Personal hygiene for patients: The hygiene of the paralyzed cerebral infarction will depend entirely on the caregivers, the paralysis is not in control of the urination so it is easy to be easy leading to urinary tract infections. Care people need to carefully clean and dry the patient after urinating to avoid inflammation
Prevent skin ulcers due to long lying: common ulcers in places of crushing as much as the same end of the dead area, heels, shoulder blades, back, buttocks. It is necessary for patients to lie in the air cushion or water cushion, tilted every 2 hours and gently massage the area of the spleen.
Prevention of respiratory complications: The respiratory diseases due to long and sedentary lying such as pneumonia, obstruction of airway due to stagnation can also occur , so it is necessary for the patient to sit up, flap the back daily to make the patient easier to sputum
See also:
Structure and function of the brain
How does the stent eliminate the brain bulge?
escape "death" after brain stroke
Methods of preventing stroke
Record after a month of bringing Vinmec stroke center into operation
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