Cerebral palsy

Cerebral palsy's disease overview

Cerebral palsy is a movement disorder, muscle tone or posture due to injury that occurs for young brain development, often occurring before birth.

Symptoms occur during the fetus or kindergarten. Overall, cerebral palsy makes the ability to move in weakness related to abnormal reflexes, flexibility or hardness of the limbs, abnormal posture, movement without desires ... people with cerebral palsy. There may be problems with swallowing and often suffering from the balance of the eye muscles, making the eyes unable to focus on the same point.

The effect of cerebral palsy on the function of the body is also very different. Some people are affected by travel function, some others are normal or almost normal intellectual capacity, even intellectual disability.

So cerebral palsy is g , symptoms, causes and prevention will have details in the following article.

Causes of Cerebral palsy's disease

cerebral palsy is due to abnormalities or interruption in brain development, usually occurs at the time when the child is in the womb. However, the exact cause of cerebral palsy is not known. However, researchers found that some factors may lead to young brain development problems including:

  • Mutations in the gene leading to abnormal development of the brain
  • Infections affecting the development of the fetus
  • The fetal stroke interrupts the blood supply process for the fetal brain development

    • Infections in infants causing inflammation in the brain or around the brain

  • Newborn babies injury due to motorbike accident or falling

    • Asphytime during labor causes the brain to lack oxygen on the brain or the mother has difficulty during birth, causing prolonged birth time.

    Symptoms of Cerebral palsy's disease

    Signs and symptoms may vary a lot. Movement and coordination issues related to cerebral palsy may include:

  • Mechanical tone has problems such as too hard or too soft
  • Lack of muscle coordination
  • vibration or motion does not want
  • Slow motion, dance
  • Slow development in achieving movement skills such as pushing hands, sitting up or crawling.
  • Like taking action on one side of the body as if it is dirty with one hand or pulling one leg while crawling
  • Difficult walking like walking with toes, stooping people or asymmetrical gaits
  • Excessive drooling or having problems with swallowing
  • Difficulty sucking or eating
  • Voice retardation or hard to speak

    • Difficult with fine movements such as picking a pencil or spoon

    epilepsy

    Disability related to cerebral palsy may be limited mainly in a limb or one side of the body, or may affect the whole body. Brain disorders that cause cerebral palsy does not change over time, so symptoms often do not become worse by age.

    Brain abnormalities related to cerebral palsy can also contribute to other neurological problems such as:

  • Hard to see and listen

    • Intellectual disabilities

    epilepsy

  • Abnormal or awareness of pain
  • Dental disease

    • Mental health

  • Uncontrolled urination

    • Transmission route of Cerebral palsy's diseaseCerebral palsy

    Cerebral palsy is not transmitted from patients to healthy people

    People at risk for Cerebral palsy's disease

    Mother's health. Some infections or health problems during pregnancy can significantly increase the risk of cerebral palsy for children, especially congenital cerebral palsy such as:

  • German measles (Rubella). Rubella is a viral infection that can cause serious birth defects. And the most effective way to prevent the vaccine.

    • Chickenpox is an infectious infection that causes itching and rash, and at the same time causes pregnancy complications. And the most effective way to prevent the vaccine.

  • Cytomegalovirus virus. Cytomegalovirus is a common virus that causes symptoms like the flu and can cause birth defects if the mother is infected with the virus in the first 3 months of pregnancy.
  • Mụn rộp. Herpes infection can be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy, affecting the uterus and placenta, destroying the developing nervous system of the fetus.
  • Toxins. Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by parasites found in contaminated foods, soil and feces of infected cats.

    • Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection.

  • Exposure to toxins. Exposure to toxins, such as mercury can increase the risk of birth defects.
  • Zika virus infection. Babies infected with micro -infected microcephaly disease lead to babies with cerebral palsy.

    • Other diseases may increase the risk of cerebral palsy such as thyroid problems, intellectual disabilities or convulsions.

    Babies are sick. Babies can significantly increase the risk of cerebral palsy, including:

  • Bacterial meningitis. This bacterium causes inflammation in the membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
  • viral encephalitis. This virus infection is similar to inflammation in the membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
  • Heavy or jaundice but not treated.

    • Other elements of pregnancy and childbirth such as:

  • Reverse throne at birth. Normally, babies will usually go first, but for children with cerebral palsy, it is likely that children in the position or buttocks are likely to go first.

    • Children have blood vessel or respiratory problems during labor leading to brain damage.

  • Low birth weight (less than 2.5 kg) is at higher risk of cerebral palsy.

    • twins or more. The risk of cerebral palsy increases with the number of fetuses in the same uterus. If one or more fetuses die, the likelihood of surviving can be increased by cerebral palsy.

  • premature birth. A normal pregnancy lasts 40 weeks. Babies born under 37 weeks of pregnancy are at higher risk of cerebral palsy. The earlier the baby is born, the greater the risk of cerebral palsy.
  • Rh blood type is not compatible between mother and child.

    • Prevention of Cerebral palsy's disease

    Most cases of cerebral palsy cannot be prevented, but parents can minimize the risk of children. If the mother is pregnant or planning to get pregnant, the mother can take the following steps to improve health and minimize complications during pregnancy:

  • vaccination against diseases such as Rubella measles can prevent infection that can cause brain damage to the fetus.
  • Take care of yourself. The healthier pregnant women are pregnant, the less likely to be infected, thereby preventing cerebral palsy.
  • Use the care service before birth early and continuously. Regular examination is a good way to reduce the health risks of mothers and fetuses, prevent premature birth, light weight and infection.
  • Preventing injuries in the head by giving children a separate seat for children cars, wearing helmets when cycling/motorbike ...

    • Diagnostic measures for Cerebral palsy's disease

    If a child is suspected of having cerebral palsy, the doctor will evaluate the signs of the child, ask about the history of the disease and conduct the physical assessment. The doctor will also ask a series of tests to diagnose and eliminate other possible causes.

    Brain scanning. Brain image technology will indicate the area that is damaged or developed abnormally in the brain. These tests may include:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI uses radio waves and magnetic fields to create 3 -dimensional images or detailed cross sections of the child's brain. MRI can often identify all the abnormal damage or development in your child's brain. This test does not cause pain, but noisy and can take up to an hour to complete.
  • Ultra ultrasound. This test can be done during pregnancy using high frequency sound waves to capture the image of the brain. Ultrasound does not produce detailed images, but it can be used because of the fast, inexpensive results and can evaluate the fetal brain's brain.
  • EEG (EEG). If a child has convulsions, the doctor may ask for an electrocardine (EEG) to determine whether he or she is epilepsy or not, this is a symptom that occurs in people with cerebral palsy. In the map, children will be attached to a wide range of electrodes to the scalp to record the process of brain activity. If the child has epilepsy, there will usually be abnormal changes in the electrical wave model.

    • Testing can also screen genetic problems or metabolic processes.

    Additional tests

    If the child has been diagnosed with cerebral palsy, parents will be consulted to take their children to other specialties to identify health problems of children with cerebral palsy such as:

  • vision impairment

    • Hearing impairment

  • Slow speech or impaired speaking ability

    • Intellectual disabilities

    Other developmental delays

    movement disorders

    Cerebral palsy's disease treatments

    To care for and treat children or adult cerebral palsy with a lot of health problems, need a comprehensive medical team to take care of the patient for a long time, this group includes:

  • Pediatrician supervising medical treatment and medical care plan.
  • Pediatric doctor.
  • Orthopedic surgeon.
  • Physiotherapy. Doctors or physiotherapists can help patients improve their strength and walking skills, stretch muscle.
  • Language therapist.
  • Mental health experts.
  • Social staff.
  • Special educational teacher. A special educational teacher solves learning disabilities, determines the needs of educational and orientation of the education program suitable for patients.

    • Medications can reduce the tension of muscles used to improve musculoskeletal function, pain treatment and control of related complications. to spasticity or other cerebral palsy symptoms. Side effects may include pain, mild influenza symptoms, bruises, other serious side effects including shortness of breath and swallow.

    Therapy
  • Physiotherapy. Muscle training and exercises can help patients stay healthy, flexible, balanced, develop movement. Parents will also learn how to safely take care of their daily needs at home such as bathing and feeding children.
  • For the first 1 to 2 years after birth, both physical and occupational therapists support the issues of head and body control, rolling and grasping of young. After that, both of these therapists work together to support children to use wheelchairs.
  • Braces can be recommended for children

    • Occupational therapy.

  • Support devices including walkers, four -legged sticks, seats or electric wheelchairs.
  • Language and language therapy.
    • Surgery

    surgery can be indicated for patients to reduce muscle tension or use to adjust bone abnormalities due to spasticity. Treatments include:

  • Orthopedic surgery. Trẻ bị co rút hoặc dị tật nghiêm trọng cần phẫu thuật xương hoặc khớp điều chỉnh hoặc để đúng vị trí của cánh tay, hông hoặc chân.
  • In some severe cases, when other treatments are ineffective, surgeons can cut nerves that dominate the spastic muscles by calling techniques. Selective back vertebrae, to help relax and relieve pain, but also paralysis.
    • stem cell transplant treatment for cerebral palsy

    This is a modern solution that brings new hope for people with cerebral palsy. Vinmec is one of the pioneer units in Vietnam to research and deploy stem cell transplants to treat cerebral palsy, achieving many positive results.

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