Cleft palate

Cleft palate's disease overview

What is

What is the cleft palate?

Desaration and cleft palate is a condition of the tissue of the mouth or lips that do not form appropriate in the development of the fetus. This is a birth defect that deforms the face of the child. The cleft palate is a gap between the palate and the nasal cavity. The cleft lip is a form of birth defects when the facial parts form the lips that are open instead of closed together like others. Other separating lines can be formed in the palate.

cleft lips and cleft palate can take place individually or at the same time on the same person (cleft lip and cleft palate).  It occurs when 3 fetal tissue blocks form the upper lip to each other and often combine with the palate. The cleft lip and cleft palate usually have 3 forms: cleft lip but not cleft palate; Cleft palate but not chipped; Cleft palate and cleft palate. This phenomenon can occur on one side or both sides of the mouth.

congenital cleft palate is one of the most common birth defects. They usually occur in the form of birth defects but may also be related to some genetic or genetic syndrome.

cleft palate and cleft lips greatly affects both physical and mental development, but cleft palate and cleft palate can be repaired. In most children, a series of surgeries proposed can restore function and achieve almost normal appearance.

Causes of Cleft palate's disease

Causes of cleft palate:

Unknown cause, researchers believe that it is related to genetic and environmental factors

Normally, the tissues that make up the lips and palate will connect together in the second and third month of pregnancy. But in babies with cleft palate and cleft palate, the unity never occurs or only occurs, leaving a gap.

The researchers believe that most cases of cleft palate and cleft palate are due to the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. The gene that causes cleft palate and cleft palate can be inherited from parents for children, causing cleft palate alone or genetic syndrome including cleft palate. In some cases, children receive genes that are likely to have cleft palate or cleft lips then some environmental factors contribute to this defect.

Symptoms of Cleft palate's disease

Normally, a crack (gap) on the lips or palate is immediately determined at birth. The cleft lip and cleft palate may appear such as:

  • A crack in the lips and palate (palate) affects one or both sides of the face.

    • A part of the lips appears as a small groove in the lips or extends from the lips to the palate to the nose.

  • A separation in the palate without affecting the appearance of the face.

    • less common, a gap occurs only in the muscles of the soft palate (the gap below the mucosa), located in the back of the mouth and covered with oral mucosa. . This type of gap is usually not noticed at birth and may not be diagnosed until later when the signs of development. Signs and symptoms of the mucosal core may include:

  • Difficulties for feeding
  • Difficult to swallow, possibly liquid or food flowing from the nose
  • Nose voice
  • Chronic ear infections

    • People at risk for Cleft palate's disease

  • Parents with cleft lips or cleft palate are at higher risk of giving birth.
  • Exposure to some substances during pregnancy: smoking, drinking alcohol, taking some drugs
  • Mothers have diabetes during pregnancy. There are some evidence that women who are diagnosed with diabetes before pregnancy may increase the risk of having or non -cleft palate.
  • Mother is obese during pregnancy. There are some evidence that children born from obese women can increase the risk of cleft and palate.

    • Men are more likely to have or without cleft palate. In contrast, the cleft palate without lips is more common in women. In the United States, cleft lips and cleft palate are said to be the most common in indigenous and least most common Americans in African Americans.

    Prevention of Cleft palate's disease

    cleft lips and cleft palate in babies can be said to be unable to prevent in many cases

    Some risks of risk reduction such as:

  • Perform amniocentesis tests to early detect fetal birth defects.
  • Consider genetic advice: If your family has a history of cleft lip or cleft palate, talk to your doctor before starting to get pregnant.
  • A full supplement of vitamins before birth: Taking multivitamins before pregnancy and during pregnancy may reduce the risk of children with birth defects, including Both lips and cleft palate.
  • Do not smoke or drink alcoholic substances during pregnancy: using tobacco and alcoholic substances during this period will increase the risk of children with malformations Born, especially cleft palate or cleft palate. Supplement all the essential minerals during pregnancy

    • Diagnostic measures for Cleft palate's disease

    Most cases of cleft palate and cleft palate are recognized at birth and without special testing for diagnosis. Today, cleft lips and cleft palate are even more seen on ultrasound before the baby is born.

    Ultrasound before birth

  • Prenatal ultrasound is a test that uses audio waves to create an image of the developing fetus. When analyzing images, the doctor can detect differences in the face structure.
  • The cleft lips can be detected when the ultrasound starts around the 13th week of pregnancy. As the fetus continues to grow, the accurate diagnosis of the lip gap may be easier. The palate is harder to see more when using ultrasound.

    • If the prenatal ultrasound shows a gap, your doctor may give a process of taking samples of amniotic fluid from your uterus (amniocentesis). The amniotic fluid test may indicate that the fetus has a genetic syndrome that can cause other birth defects. There may be appointments for pregnancy

    Cleft palate's disease treatments

    The goal of The treatment of congenital cleft palate is to improve the ability to eat, speak and listen normally and to get a normal appearance. Treatment includes surgical surgery to edit lips and palate based on the specific condition of the child. After repairing the initial gap, the doctor may recommend continued surgery to improve words or improve the appearance of lips and nose.

    Surgery is usually done in this order:

  • Brend lips - Within the first 3 to 6 months.
  • Fix the cleft palate - At 12 months or earlier if possible.
  • The next surgery - between 2 years old and at the end of the teen.

    • Surgical measures may include:

  • Modifying lips: To close the separation in the lips, the surgeon incision on both sides of the gap and creating tissue flaps. The flap is then stitched together, including lip muscles. Repairing will create a more normal shape, structure and function. Initial nose, if necessary, usually perform at the same time.
  • Repairing palate: Different procedures can be used to close and rebuild the palate (hard and soft palate), depending on the situation of children . The surgeon incised on both sides of the gap and rearranged tissue and muscles. Repair then sewed.
  • ear canal surgery. For children with cleft palate, the ear canal can be placed to reduce the risk of chronic ear disease, leading to hearing loss. Ear pose surgery includes small tubular tubes in the eardrum to create an open hole to prevent liquid accumulation.
  • Surgery to regenerate appearance. Additional surgery may be necessary to improve the shape of the mouth, lips and nose.

    • Surgery can significantly improve the appearance, quality of life and the ability to eat, breathe and talk of children. The possible risk of surgery includes bleeding, infection, poor healing, expansion or improvement of scars and temporary or permanent lesions for nerves, blood vessels or other structures. P>

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