Cryptococcus fungal infection

Cryptococcus fungal infection's disease overview

Cryptococcus fungal infection (crytococcoisis) is a disease that occurs when patients with Cryptococcus NeOFOFEMANS fungal infections, which can occur in immune -weakened people and healthy people. Cryptococcus Neofefis have a strong affinity for neurons so clinically, encephalitis and meningitis are the two most common diseases. Other mushrooms belonging to Cryptococcus such as cryptococcus albidus and cryptococcus laurentii also have the potential to cause disease but the pathological role of these species has not been confirmed. Cryptococcus NEOFOFERANCURANG consists of two types: Cryptococcus Neofefis Var.neoForans and Cryptococcus Neofefis Var.Gattii, which can be distinguished based on biochemical reactions or molecular biological techniques. The image of cryptococcus mushrooms under the typical microscope is the thick mucopolysaccharide walls surrounding the cell.

Var.Neofeaks mushrooms are distributed all over the world, they often live in soil, on some plants, in the old, dried feces of birds, especially pigeons, caused by cryptococcus Neoformans. Good dryness and ability to convert creatinine in bird fertilizer into nutrition. The new bird feces are less common to Var.Neofefefnalls due to rotting bacteria that increase the pH in the feces and cause bacteria to stop growing. The fungal cells are very small in size, about 2 µm, can follow the wind and enter the human respiratory tract. VAR.NEOFOFEFOFORS often causes disease in people with immunodeficiency such as HIV/AIDS patients, internal transplant patients, long -term corticoid users, ...

Var.gattii mushrooms are not found in soil or bird fertilizer they are distributed mainly in rotting substances in the cavities of eucalyptus, so they are pathogens in the development of many plants. This. Var.Gattii is really a pathogenic fungus rather than an opportunity agent, because they can cause disease in healthy people without the need for immunodeficiency.

disease Cryptococcus fungal infection appears around the world and tends to be increasing due to the widespread use of immunosuppressive drugs and the development of HIV/AIDS pandemic . About 1/3 of AIDS patients with cryptococcus fungal infection and this is the fourth cause of death in AIDS patients.

Causes of Cryptococcus fungal infection's disease

Patient Cryptococcus fungal infection NEOFOFERMANS when inhaling the fungal spores into the respiratory tract or when the magnetic cells are in direct contact with skin ulcers.

Symptoms of Cryptococcus fungal infection's disease

Where does Cryptococcus Neofeficans cause disease ? Cryptococcus fungus can cause disease in many organs in the body such as lungs, skin, bones, nervous systems and many other organs.

Lung damage: Nguyen Phat lungs are diverse, can be silent or transient, the most difficult disease is in healthy people.

Mild mild can cause mild pneumonia, cough patients, mild fever, sputum secretion, chest pain, most of them do not see the image of lung damage on X-ray. The invasion appears when the primary fungal infection is not thoroughly treated, which can lead to chronic pneumonia. Patients may have fever, cough or asymptomatic. Introduction increases the risk of fungus spreading to the central nervous system.

Lesions in the nervous system:

Meningitis accounts for 85% of the total number of cases. Patients with symptoms of headache, drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, irritation, confusion, stiff neck. When the disease progresses, the patient will have severe headaches, high fever, cognitive disorders, memory loss, sometimes lead to thorny, edema, nerve paralysis, coma and death. < /Li>

can sometimes experience cases of mushroom tumors (crytococcoma), these are fake tumors, localized in the hemisphere, cerebellum and spinal cord. Patients with symptoms of headache, sleeping, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, speech, movement disorders, coma, paralysis.

Skin damage:

Whole skin lesions: In ulcer or cellular inflammation, common in immunodeficiency. The disease is often cured but need to be re -examined and monitored periodically to prevent the risk of spreading fungus to the nervous system. Currently at the head, neck, anus in a rough form, lump, abscess, skin ulcer, herpes or u kaposi. /p>

Bone lesions: mainly in the facial bone, skull and spine. Bone damage accounts for about 10% in the spread of the disease, the damage is usually bone cancel, the patient has a sense of pain when exercising, sometimes arthritis can especially knee joints. Mercury due to increased intracranial pressure causes thorns. Sinusitis, ...

People at risk for Cryptococcus fungal infection's disease

Subjects at high risk of cryptococcus fungal infections include:

People with weakened immune systems such as:

People with HIV/AIDS

The treatment of high -dose corticosteroids, prolonged

The person who has experienced chemotherapy and radiation for cancer treatment

The person who used to implant organs

People with Hodgkin disease

Farmers, pigeons, ornamental birds

People living in the area growing many eucalyptus trees.

Prevention of Cryptococcus fungal infection's disease

To limit the risk of cryptococcus fungal infection, note the following points:

Avoid contact with sources of fungal infection, limit pigeon farming or ornamental birds, avoid cleaning bird cages, limiting living in areas of eucalyptus trees. > Regularly clean the sources of fungal infections with chloramine B, Javel, ...

to avoid areas with dust, special pollution if there is a weak immune system. Li>

does not smoke because smoking will increase the deposition of the respiratory cells. >

must use the proper use of antifungal drugs and other treatments according to the instructions of the doctor, constantly the drug even when symptoms have improved. Xuyen to detect health abnormalities.

Diagnostic measures for Cryptococcus fungal infection's disease

To diagnosis of cryptococcus fungal infections , the doctor will examine clinical examination and appoint samples such as cerebrospinal fluid, phlegm, pus, blood, urine, skin tissue hurt, ... to do tests such as:

Cryptococcus test quickly by direct test: The sample will be dyed with train ink or nigrosin solution, then observed under microscopic experience. The image of Cryptococcus NeoForans are round or oval cells, surrounded by a light layer, which is the Mucopolysaccharide class that does not catch dyed color. If the sample is a cerebrospinal fluid, it is possible to rotate centrifuges before dyeing for easy observation under the microscope. 3 days, incubated at 370C and 250C. If there is a fungus in the sample, after the culture time, the fungus will grow enlarged into a paste, with light yellow brown, when observed under the microscope will see many yeast cells with mucopolysaccharide cyst. Li>

diagnostic immunity: Crytococcus antibodies can be detected in the early stages of the disease, in cases of residents but rarely detected in central neuroma. Other spread. The current common technique is Latex seed condensation.

lungs, ...

Cryptococcus fungal infection's disease treatments

In the Cryptococcus NeOFOFERANM, VAR.Gattii is mainly disease in healthy people, so it is easier to treat, VAR.Neofeforans often cause spreading fungal infections, thus combining medication and surgical intervention. The drugs used are antifungal drugs such as amphotericin b, 5-flucytosine, fluconazole, intraconazole, ketoconazole, ... depending on the case, the case may use a combination or single regimen as directed by the doctor. >

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