Cushing syndrome

Cushing syndrome's disease overview

Cushing syndrome is a hormonal disease due to adrenal dysfunction, causing chronic hyperplation of glucocorticoid hormone. There may be symptoms of headache, semi -fragile, blurred vision when the tumor is large, causing compression of visual interference. This is a fairly common endocrine disease in clinical. Common in women aged 25-40. In children often called adrenal genital disorders.

Cushing syndrome is a collection of signs and symptoms due to long -term contact with cortisol. Signs and symptoms may include high blood pressure, abdominal belly but with thin arms and legs, red skin stretch marks, round red face, fat lumps between shoulders, weak muscles, weak bones, acne and lane Perfect skin healing. Women may have irregular hair and menstrual periods. Occasionally there may be changes in mood, headache and chronic feeling.

Cushing syndrome is caused by the use of an excessive cortisol -like drug like prednisone or a tumor produced or leading to adrenal glands that produce too much cortisol. Cases of pituitary tumors are called Cushing disease. This is the second common cause of Cushing syndrome after taking the drug. Some other tumors can also cause Cushing syndrome. Some of these are related to genetic disorders such as multi -hormonal core and Carney complex. Diagnosis requires some steps. The first step is to check the drug that the patient uses. The second step is to measure the concentration of cortisol in urine, saliva or in the blood after using dexamethasone. If this test is abnormal, cortisol can be measured late at night. If cortisol is still high, the blood test for ACTH can be done.

Most of these cases can be treated and cured. If due to the drug, these things can usually be stopped slowly. If the syndrome is caused by a tumor, it can be treated by combining surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiation. If the pituitary gland is affected, other drugs may be required to replace its lost function. With treatment, longevity is usually normal. Some people who have surgery cannot remove the entire tumor, increasing the risk of death.

Causes of Cushing syndrome's disease

The most common cause of Cushing syndrome in humans is to use corticosteroids, high doses of steroids to treat back pain can also cause this syndrome. Lower doses of steroids in the form of inhaled drugs, such as asthma, or cream, such as prescribed for eczema, are usually sufficient Aren to cause cushing syndrome. Today, with a lot of understanding about Cushing syndrome is divided into many types, each with different causes:

Cushing disease: A disease caused by ACTH secretion (which stands for the adrenocorticotropic hormone hormone hormone) that causes the adrenal hypertension on both sides. The pituitary tumor is usually adenoma, accounting for more than 90%, the size is usually 1cm small. There may be symptoms of headache, semi -fragile, blurred vision when today, with a lot of understanding about Cushing syndrome is divided into many types, each with different causes.

Cushing syndrome of pathology (ACTH -dependent syndrome): The reason is due to the adrenal cell tumor, which is increased , tumors on one side of the adrenal, adrenal cancer are often less common but very severe and rapidly progresses with aggressive symptoms, over -the -end, rarely detected adrenal nodules only detect when adrenal MRI scan. Serum cortisol tests when hungry increases and loss of secretion day and night, ACTH decreases.

Exoderary hyperactive syndrome: This is a hormonal manifestation of malignant disease is often small cell lung cancer, primary liver cancer, stomach cancer ...

Cushing fake syndrome: Due to prolonged uncontrolled corticosteroid abuse. Common or common diseases such as osteoarthritis, blood disease, bronchial asthma ... Especially, in recent times, some patients use Oriental medicine of unknown origin, name of corticoid preparations At the private clinic to relieve pain, fight allergies but abuse the dosage. Serum cortisol test decreases, with a history of using corticosteroids. (Prednisolon, Dexamethasone, K-Cord, Medrol ...). This is the most common syndrome in clinical and severe complications such as acute adrenal failure, exhaustion of severe electrolytes, opportunistic infections ... Serum cortisol decreases while the adrenal shell is inhibited by foreign glucocorticoids.

Symptoms of Cushing syndrome's disease

Some symptoms include:

The fastest weight gain is the fat around the abdomen.

Weight gain, obesity

trembling hands and feet

Tumors

Round, red and swollen face

thin skin, prone to bruising, slow healing wounds and ulcers weak muscle

Thirst

urinate regularly

Headache

High blood pressure

High number of white blood cells, low serum potassium

High blood sugar

Moods, irritability, anxiety, depression

Help

irregular menstrual cycle or without menstruation

Increase facial hair in women

Bone weakened, prone to fractures (especially in ribs and spine), osteoporosis and back pain

Hypersensitivity to pneumonia and tuberculosis.

Men: have erectile dysfunction.

Cortisol hormones: cortisol is created by the adrenal gland. When cortisol levels are too low, the pituitary gland will secrete the hormone that stimulates adrenocorticotropin (ACTH). High cortisol concentration causes the pituitary gland to reduce ACTH, slowing down cortisol production. While it is essential for life.

People at risk for Cushing syndrome's disease

The risk of higher Cushing syndrome is more common in:

Sex: Women are more likely to have disease than men.

Use too much corticosteroids or artificial hormones for a long time.

There is hormone -producing tumor in the pituitary or adrenal gland.

Conduct some diseases such as new endocrine syndrome, name syndrome, or Carney Complex.

The risk of Cushing disease, most of which have tumors in the skull or other tumors, the cause of the pituitary tumor disease is unknown. A few cases of genetic properties such as family or scene of many types of endocrine glands group 1.

Prevention of Cushing syndrome's disease

Change of living habits can help prevent or limit the progression of Cushing and Cushing syndrome:

Do not buy self -anti -inflammatory drugs without prescription, unknown origin (e. Osteoarthritis, or cough, runny nose, sinusitis ... The doctors' close, very easy to cause adrenal insufficiency and Cushing form.

Eat less fat and calories, boost vegetables during meals.

Enhancing movement, exercise and sports.

Use the drug as directed by the doctor, do not arbitrarily use too many drugs containing steroids for a long time.

Periodic health checks to check blood pressure, blood sugar, bone density.

Diagnostic measures for Cushing syndrome's disease

Cushing syndrome diagnosis is related to the detection of high cortisol levels and exploring the cause. Diagnosis may be related to:

physical and visual examination, with family medical history.

Blood test to check whether the Cushing is derived from the pituitary or outside the uterus and to compare the ACTH levels elsewhere in the body. If combining these two tests, the higher the accuracy.

Urine test: Dexamethasone inhibitors with steroids to check the body's reaction to Glucocorticoids

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning and comparison of computer layer (CT) to check the gland size and evidence of the tumor.

Cushing syndrome's disease treatments

Treatment depends on the cause and may include:

The tumor of the pituitary gland - the tumor is removed. Other options include radiation and drug treatment to shrink the tumor and prevent it from producing hormones.

tumor of the adrenal gland - the tumor is removed. The replacement hormone therapy may be needed in a short time.

ACTH - Treatment tumors include surgery to remove tumors, followed by chemotherapy, immunotherapy and radiation therapy. The drug may reduce the capabilities of the adrenal glands to produce cortisol.

Radiotherapy and surgery are used to remove tumors and related glands. Continuous hormone replacement therapy is necessary after surgery.

Glucocorticoid hormone therapy - Stop using the drug of course should not stop suddenly.

See also:

What function does the adrenal shell (ACTH) have?

What function does the adrenal gland function?

Women's hormonal disorders: What to examine?

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