Dementia (Dementia) describes a group of symptoms affecting memory, thought and social ability to affecting the daily life of people. get. This is not a specific disease, but some different diseases can also cause dementia.
Despite the general dementia in general regarding memory loss, memory loss has different causes. If there is only dementia symptoms, it does not mean that the person has a dementia.
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of progressive dementia in the elderly, but there are some other causes of intelligence. Depending on the cause, some symptoms of dementia can recover.
Causes of Dementia (Dementia)'s disease
Causes of disease decline due to damage or loss of nerve cells and their connections in the brain. Depending on the brain area affected by damage, the dementia may affect each person different and cause different symptoms.
Intellectual dementia is usually divided in groups in common characteristics. Some diseases look like intellectual decline, such as diseases caused by reaction with drugs or vitamin deficiency and these conditions may be improved when the patient is treated.Design of intelligence progresses
Types of progressive and non -recovery dementia include:
Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of intellectual decline. Currently, although most of the causes of Alzheimer's disease have not been well granted, experts know that a small percentage is related to mutations in three genes, which can be transmitted from parents to children. While some different genes may be associated with Alzheimer's disease, an important gene that increases the risk is Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE). Patients with Alzheimer's disease have pieces and puppets in the brain. Plaque is a block of a protein called beta-amyloid and puppets are puppets made up of tau protein. It is thought that these blocks damage healthy nerve cells and fibers that connect them. Other genetic factors can cause people to have Alzheimer's disease.
Vascular Dementia. This second most common type of intelligence is caused by damage to blood vessels to the patient's brain. Blood vessel problems can cause stroke or damage the brain in different ways, such as damaging the fibers in the white matter of the brain. The most common symptoms of brain dementia include difficulties in problem solving, slow thinking, concentration and organization. These trends are more noticeable than dementia.
Lewy Dementia (Lewy Body Dementia). Lewy intellectual decline is an abnormal block of protein -shaped protein -shaped blocks that are found in the brain of people with lewy dementia like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. This is one of the more common dementia disorders. Common signs and symptoms include behavior during dreaming, seeing things that are not real (also known as visual illusion) and issues of concentration and attention. Other signs include non -coordinated or slow, trembling and rigid movement (Parkinsonism).
The dementia of the temple of the temple (frontotemporal dementia). This is a group of diseases characterized by the breakdown (degeneration) of nerve cells and their connections in the forehead and the temples of the brain, areas often related to personality, behavior and language language. Common symptoms affect behavior, personality, thought, judgment, and language and motion.
Mixed dementia. Research on brain examination of people from 80 years of age or older with dementia shows that many people have a combination of a number of causes, such as Alzheimer's disease, dementia and dementia. Lewy wisdom. Studies are being conducted to determine the level of mixed memory loss affecting symptoms and treatments.
Other disorders related to intellectual dementia
Huntington's disease is known as a genetic disease that affects the nerve cells in the brain. . The process of brain damage will tend to be more serious and may affect the movement and awareness as well as behavior and usually appear about 30 or 40 years old.
Traumatic brain injury. This situation is often caused by repetitive head injury like boxers, football players or soldiers. Depending on the damaged brain, this condition can cause signs and symptoms of intellectual decline such as depression, booming, memory loss and impaired speaking ability. In addition, traumatic brain injury can also cause Parkinson's disease, symptoms may not appear until many years after injury.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (crazy cow disease; cjd: brain emulsion). Signs and symptoms of this disease usually appear after 60 years old.
Parkinson's disease. Many people with Parkinson's disease finally develop symptoms of dementia (Parkinson's dementia).
The same condition as a reversal of memory that can be reversed
Some causes of dementia or symptoms like dementia can be reversed by treatment. like:
Infections and immune disorders. Symptoms like dementia may be due to fever or other side effects in the body's anti -infection effort. Multiple Screrosis and other conditions due to the body's immune system attacks nerve cells can also cause dementia.
Metabolism and endocrine abnormalities. People who have a low thyroid problem, low blood sugar, too little or too much sodium or calcium, or the absorption of vitamin B-12 can develop symptoms like intellectual decline or change Other personality.
Nutrition deficiency. Do not drink enough or compensate for the liquid, leading to dehydration; Do not receive enough thiamin (vitamin B-1), common in chronic alcoholics; And do not receive enough vitamins B-6 and B-12 in the diet can cause symptoms like intellectual dementia. Copper deficiency and vitamin E can also cause symptoms of dementia.
Side effects of the drug. Side effects of the drug, reaction to the drug or interaction of some drugs can cause symptoms like intellectual decline.
Hematoma under the endomatic. Bleeding between brain surface and meninges, common in the elderly after falling, can cause symptoms similar to intellectual decline.
Poisoning. Exposure to heavy metals, such as lead and other toxins, pesticides, psychotropic drugs or heavy alcohol can lead to symptoms of dementia. Symptoms can be solved by treatment.
Brain tumor. Rarely, dementia may occur due to damage caused by brain tumors.
anoxia. This condition, also known as lack of oxygen, occurs when the organs do not receive enough oxygen. Anoxia can occur due to asthma apnea, heart attack, carbon monoxide poisoning or other causes.
Symptoms of Dementia (Dementia)'s disease
Symptoms of intellectual decline vary depending on the cause, but the common signs and symptoms include:
Change of awareness
Memory loss
Difficult to communicate or find words
Difficult with vision and space, such as being lost while driving
Difficulties in deduction or problem solving
Difficult to handle complex tasks
Difficulties with planning and organization
Difficult with coordination and movement function
Confused and disoriented
Psychological changes
Change personality
Missing
Axious
Inappropriate behavior
paranoia
agitated
Illusion
When to see a doctor?
Meet a doctor early if the person or relatives have memory problems or symptoms of dementia. Some treatments or diseases can cause symptoms of dementia, so it is important to determine the cause.
Transmission route of Dementia (Dementia)'s diseaseDementia (Dementia)
Intellectual dementia is not an infectious disease, so it is not transmitted from people with infected to healthy people.
People at risk for Dementia (Dementia)'s disease
There are many final factors that can contribute to the dementia and these risk factors are divided into two groups:
Risk factors cannot be changed
Age. The risk increases as older, especially after 65 years of age. However, dementia is not a normal part of aging and dementia may occur in young people.
Family history. There is a family history of dementia, which makes the next generation more likely to get the disease. However, many people with family history never develop symptoms and many people have no family history but have dementia.
Down syndrome. In middle age, many people suffer from down syndrome on the development of Alzheimer's disease early compared to normal people.
Risk factors that can change
you can control the following risk factors for intellectual decline.
Diet and exercise. Research shows that lack of exercise increases the risk of dementia. And although there is no specific diet that reduces the risk of dementia, many studies show that the incidence of dementia is higher than those who eat unhealthy diet than those compared to those. Mediterranean -style dieters are rich in products, cereals, seeds and seeds.
drink a lot of alcohol.
Cardiovascular risk factors including high blood pressure (hypertension), high cholesterol, fat accumulation in artery walls (atherosclerosis) and obesity. P>
Sorry. Although the mechanism is not well understood, depression at the end of life can show the development of dementia.
diabetes can increase the risk of dementia, especially when urinary is poorly controlled.
Smoking. Smoking may increase the risk of dementia and blood vessel diseases.
Sleep apnea syndrome.
Lack of vitamins and nutrition. The low content of vitamin D, B-6, vitamin B-12 and low folate may increase the risk of dementia.
Prevention of Dementia (Dementia)'s disease
There is no sure way to prevent intellectual decline, but there are steps that may be useful as follows:
Keep the mind operating. Mental stimulating activities, such as reading, solving puzzles and playing puns and memory training can delay the onset of intellectual decline and reduce its consequences.
Physical and social activity. Physical activity and social interaction can delay the onset of dementia and reduce its symptoms.
Give up smoking. Some studies have shown that smoking in middle age or more may increase the risk of dementia and blood vessel diseases. Smoking can reduce risks and will improve the health of patients.
Supplement with enough vitamins. Some studies show that people with low blood vitamin D are more likely to suffer from Alzheimer's disease and other types of intellectual dementia. Therefore, it is necessary to add enough vitamin D through some foods, functional foods and sun exposure. It is necessary to study more before increasing the amount of vitamin D to prevent dementia, but you should make sure you have enough vitamin D. vitamin B and vitamin C daily can also be helpful.
Manage cardiovascular risk factors. Treatment of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes and high body mass index (BMI). High blood pressure may lead to the risk of some types of memory loss, but still need more studies to determine whether high blood pressure treatment may reduce the risk of dementia. /p>
Treatment of health status. Meet a doctor for treatment if the patient has hearing loss, depression or anxiety.
Maintain a healthy diet. Eating a healthy diet is very important such as a diet such as a Mediterranean diet - rich in fruits, vegetables, cereals and omega -3 fatty acids, often found in some types of fish and nuts, with, with Health enhancement and reduce the risk of developing dementia. This type of diet also improves cardiovascular health, can help reduce the risk of dementia. Try eating fish like salmon three times a week and a small number of seeds, especially almonds and walnuts daily.
Sleep quality assurance. Practice good sleep hygiene and talk to the doctor in the case of big snoring when sleeping or having time to stop breathing or panting during sleep.
Diagnostic measures for Dementia (Dementia)'s disease
To diagnose the disease dementia, the doctor will consider the history of the disease and the current symptoms of the patient and conduct physical examination. There is no single test that can diagnose intellectual decline, so doctors are capable of prescribing some tests that can help accurately determine the problem.
Evaluation of cognitive and neurological
Doctors will evaluate the patient's thinking (awareness) function. Some tests to measure thinking skills, such as memory, orientation, theory and judgment, language skills and attention.
Mental assessment by evaluating memory, language, visual awareness, attention, problem solving, motion, sensory, balance, reflexes and reflexes Other fields.
Brain scan
CT scan or MRI. These techniques can detect signs of stroke or bleeding or tumor or brainflow.
pet scan shows brain activity models and finding amyloid protein arrays, a typical sign of Alzheimer's disease. Laboratory tests
Blood tests can detect physical problems that can affect brain function, such as vitamin deficiency B-12 or poor thyroid. Sometimes cerebrospinal fluid is checked for infections, inflammation or signs of some degenerative diseases.
Mental assessment
Mental health experts can determine whether depression or another mental health condition is contributing to symptoms. Intelligence.
Dementia (Dementia)'s disease treatments
Most types of memory loss cannot be cured, but there are many ways to control the symptoms of the patient.
Besides taking the drug, some symptoms of intellectual decline and behavioral problems can be initially treated by using non -drug methods such as:
Occupational therapy. A professional therapist can show patients how to make the home safer and teach acts of dealing. The goal is to prevent accidents, such as falling; behavior management; and prepare for you to develop memory loss.
Environmental adjustment. Reducing clutter and noise can help people with concentrated dementia and easier operation.
Simplify tasks. Divide the task into easier steps and focus on success, not failed. Structure of implementation steps and habits also help reduce confusion in people with dementia.
See more:
Alzheimer: Causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment
Passive smoking increases the risk of severe dementia
Note must remember when first aid at the person with a stroke
Meaning of PET/CT shot What is
What is CT scan? In any case, there is an injection of contrast drug?
Identify Alzheimer's disease through body manifestations
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