Ebola virus

Ebola virus's disease overview

Ebola virus (Ebola virus Disease - EVD), also known as Ebolic Feve (EHF), is a deadly disease caused by a virus.

There are all 5 strains of Ebola virus, including 4 strains that can cause serious impacts on humans. When the Ebola virus enters the body, it will damage the immune system and other organs, reducing the likelihood of blood clotting, causing the body to bleed (bleeding) seriously and unable to control. Ebola virus is especially dangerous with a high mortality rate of 50 to 90%, a warning bell to many countries and many territories around the world.

Causes of Ebola virus's disease

Initially, Ebola virus was found in monkeys, chimpanzees as well as other primates in Africa. A category of Ebola has also been discovered in monkeys and pigs in the Philippines.Where is the transmission from animals to people

Ebola fluid originated? Many experts believe that this virus is transmitted from animals to humans through the body fluid of an infected animal, such as blood, feces and urine.

Those who slaughter or eat infected animal meat will have a high risk of viral infection, similar to exposure to feces or urine of bats living in caves can also be the source for epidemic.

There is no evidence that Ebola virus can spread through insect bites.Human -to -human transmission is infected with Ebola virus often does not spread to others until clear symptoms appear.

Family members and medical staff are often infected by the care of patients, especially when they do not use protective equipment such as surgical masks and gloves.

Another factor may be the cause of disease transmission, which is the use of needles and syringes due to economic conditions that are not allowed. In some cases, Ebola fluid has flared up due to the use of non -sterilized needles.

Symptoms of Ebola virus's disease

Ebola symptoms usually start from 2 to 21 days after being infected with viruses include: fever, headache, body aches, muscle pain, diarrhea, sore throat, vomiting and sometimes Abnormal bleeding, accompanied by a decline in liver and kidney function.

Ebola virus had time to be mistaken for malaria but not. Over time, Ebola symptoms appear more clearly, including:

Nausea and vomiting

Abdominal pain, diarrhea (may have blood)

Red eyes

Ban's floating marks

Chest pain and ho

weight loss

Bleeding in the abdomen

Bleeding from many parts of the body, for example, bruises under the skin, bleeding from ears, eyes, anus, vagina, tooth root

Transmission route of Ebola virus's diseaseEbola virus

Ebola virus disease is not transmitted through normal contact. Ebola is mostly transmitted through direct contact with blood, body secretion (semen, breast milk, sweat, tears) or excretory substances, waste of people with Ebola; Through objects such as needles that have not been sterilized to the patient's body or through direct contact with the body of the victim with Ebola.

Ebola virus disease cannot be transmitted from an infected person before they have symptoms of the disease.

People who have recovered from Ebola can still infect others when blood or other secretions in their bodies still have Ebola virus, because blood and secretion may still be infected with viruses in the virus. A few weeks.

There is no evidence that Ebola is transmitted through air or through insect bites.

Masks, gloves, protective robes, protective glasses can prevent the transmission of Ebola from patients to care.

People at risk for Ebola virus's disease

Ebola virus is rare but very serious and mainly took place in Central and West Africa, however, there were cases where the disease appeared in other parts of the world. Ebola can cause disease for both men and women, not excluding any age.

For most people, the risk of having Ebola is very low. However, the risk will increase in some cases:

Persons who are constantly exposed to and take care of patients with Ebola: is the highest risk object because it can be exposed to the patient's blood or body secretion. This object is usually a family member of the patient, medical staff.

Tourists coming to Africa: When the disease outbreaks, you have a high risk of infection if traveling or working in places where Ebola occurs. >

Animal researchers: Researchers and experts are more likely to be infected with Ebola virus if conducting animal research, especially on monkeys. Imported from Africa or Philippines.

The burial, burial: Even after death, the bodies of those who died from Ebola could still transmit the disease.

Prevention of Ebola virus's disease

When there is an outbreak, the best way to prevent it is not to travel and visit the country with Ebola.

If required to go, pay attention to the implementation of protective measures to avoid all infectious agents during tourism, contact with the disease area. Should be discussed with doctors, medical assistance agencies if you plan to go to areas that are outbreaking.

After traveling, if you see yourself or anyone in the companion group show signs of fever, headache or muscle aches and joints within 3 weeks back from the trip, need to contact immediately The doctor and proceeded to check immediately.

For patients:

Need to be isolated and treated at a health facility under the guidance of the Ministry of Health; Use proper personal protection to limit the spread of disease. Ebola virus is also excreted through semen and breast milk, so it is necessary to advise patients on how to prevent transmission after discharge.

For close contacters:

Patient caregivers need to strictly implement personal protective measures (wear masks, eye protection glasses, hats, protective gloves, shoes, clothes) washed hands with soap or soap or Other antiseptic solutions after each contact with the sick.

Pay attention to perform personal hygiene, wash your hands with soap and use the nose and throat disinfectant.

Diagnostic measures for Ebola virus's disease

Ebola virus disease is difficult to diagnose because the initial signs and symptoms are quite similar to some diseases such as typhoid, malaria, cholera, other viral dengue fever. If the doctor suspects who is infected with Ebola virus, they will request blood tests to quickly identify the type of virus, including ELISA testing and PCR test, in which:

Formula of blood index: usually leukopen, platelets

Biochemistry blood: increase AST, ALT. Blood and urea creatinine may increase during the progression of the disease.

Scattered internal coagulation disorders.

Ebola virus's disease treatments

The only way to soon overcome Ebola virus is to go to the hospital, specialized medical facilities to be treated right from the time of suspicion of exposure to viruses or phases Symptoms are still primitive.

There is still no vaccine to prevent this disease, scientists are still in the process of researching through testing some treatment directions against the disease by destroying viral-contaminated cells. .

Doctors usually only reduce and control the symptoms of the disease by:

Translate and supply electrolytes through oral or intravenous

Oxygen breathing

Determination of blood pressure regulator

Blood transfusion compensates for the loss of blood loss

Treatment of other infections.

Isolate patients with Ebola disease to prevent the transmission

The consequences of Ebola epidemic are extremely serious, which is considered as "one of the most lethal diseases ever known". Ebola disease not only takes the life of the patient but also hides the risk of pandemic outbreak. Even those who are determined to be cured are always potentially the risk of recurrence, this is worrying because there is currently no vaccine as well as a thorough treatment plan for this disease.

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